2021上半年教师资格证考试《英语学科知识与教学能力》（高级

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1 单选题 1分

Speaking two languages rather than just。one has obvious practical benefits in an increasingly globalized world. But in recent years, scientists have begun to show that the advantages of biling ualism are even more fundamental than being able to converse with a wider range of people. Being bilingual, it turns out, makes you smarter. It can have a profound effect on your brain, improving cognitive skills not related to language and even shielding against dementia in old age.This view of bilingualism is remarkably different from the understanding of bilingualism through much of the 20th century. Researchers, educators and policy makers long considered a second language to be an interference, cognitively speaking, that hindered a child' s academic and intellectualdevelopment.

They were not wrong about the interference: there is ample evidence that in a bilingual' s brain both language systems are active even when he is using only one language, thus creating situations in which one system obstructs the other. But this interference, researchers are finding out, isn' t so much a handicap as a blessing in disguise. It forces the brain to resolve internal conflict, giving the mind a workout that strengthens its cognitive muscles Bilinguals, for instance, seem to be more adept than monolinguals at solving certain kinds of mental puzzles. In a 2004 study by the psychologists EIlen Bialystok and Michelle Martin- Rhee, bilingual and monolingual preschoolers were asked to sort blue circles and red squares presented on a computer screen into two digital bins- one marked with a blue square and the other marked with a red circle.

In the first task, the children had to sort the shapes by color, placing blue circles in the in marked with the blue square and red squares in the bin marked with the red circle. Both groups did this with comparable ease. Next, the children were asked to sort by shape, which was more challenging because it required placing the images in a bin

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正确答案：B

本题解析：

本题考查主旨大意题。作者在文章开头提出说两种语言的好处，然后在下文分析为什么讲双语的人要比单一语言者头脑更为灵活，思维更加敏捷，由此推断B项内容更能体现文章中心.故本题选B.

2 单选题 1分

Speaking two languages rather than just。one has obvious practical benefits in an increasingly globalized world. But in recent years, scientists have begun to show that the advantages of biling ualism are even more fundamental than being able to converse with a wider range of people. Being bilingual, it turns out, makes you smarter. It can have a profound effect on your brain, improving cognitive skills not related to language and even shielding against dementia in old age.This view of bilingualism is remarkably different from the understanding of bilingualism through much of the 20th century. Researchers, educators and policy makers long considered a second language to be an interference, cognitively speaking, that hindered a child' s academic and intellectualdevelopment.

They were not wrong about the interference: there is ample evidence that in a bilingual' s brain both language systems are active even when he is using only one language, thus creating situations in which one system obstructs the other. But this interference, researchers are finding out, isn' t so much a handicap as a blessing in disguise. It forces the brain to resolve internal conflict, giving the mind a workout that strengthens its cognitive muscles Bilinguals, for instance, seem to be more adept than monolinguals at solving certain kinds of mental puzzles. In a 2004 study by the psychologists EIlen Bialystok and Michelle Martin- Rhee, bilingual and monolingual preschoolers were asked to sort blue circles and red squares presented on a computer screen into two digital bins- one marked with a blue square and the other marked with a red circle.

In the first task, the children had to sort the shapes by color, placing blue circles in the in marked with the blue square and red squares in the bin marked with the red circle. Both groups did this with comparable ease. Next, the children were asked to sort by shape, which was more challenging because it required placing the images in a bin

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正确答案：C

本题解析：

本题考查词义猜测题。根据第六段可知，双语经验能够提高大脑中所谓的执行系统，第七段第一句意为”为什么这两种语言系统中的_____能够提高认知”，A项意为"隧道”; B项意为“争吵，吵架”；C项意为“扭打，争斗”; D项意为“辩论"本文讲的是对于双语小孩来说，一直受到两种语言的影响，两种语言系统在争斗，在斗争，互相促进，互相影响，C项最合适。故本题选C。

3 单选题 1分

Speaking two languages rather than just。one has obvious practical benefits in an increasingly globalized world. But in recent years, scientists have begun to show that the advantages of biling ualism are even more fundamental than being able to converse with a wider range of people. Being bilingual, it turns out, makes you smarter. It can have a profound effect on your brain, improving cognitive skills not related to language and even shielding against dementia in old age.This view of bilingualism is remarkably different from the understanding of bilingualism through much of the 20th century. Researchers, educators and policy makers long considered a second language to be an interference, cognitively speaking, that hindered a child' s academic and intellectualdevelopment.

They were not wrong about the interference: there is ample evidence that in a bilingual' s brain both language systems are active even when he is using only one language, thus creating situations in which one system obstructs the other. But this interference, researchers are finding out, isn' t so much a handicap as a blessing in disguise. It forces the brain to resolve internal conflict, giving the mind a workout that strengthens its cognitive muscles Bilinguals, for instance, seem to be more adept than monolinguals at solving certain kinds of mental puzzles. In a 2004 study by the psychologists EIlen Bialystok and Michelle Martin- Rhee, bilingual and monolingual preschoolers were asked to sort blue circles and red squares presented on a computer screen into two digital bins- one marked with a blue square and the other marked with a red circle.

In the first task, the children had to sort the shapes by color, placing blue circles in the in marked with the blue square and red squares in the bin marked with the red circle. Both groups did this with comparable ease. Next, the children were asked to sort by shape, which was more challenging because it required placing the images in a bin

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正确答案：B

本题解析：

本题考查推理判断题。根据全文可知，双语小孩的语言干预对小孩的发展是有好处的，A项错误，C项错误; D项本身是正确的，但不是本文强调的重点。根据第八段可知，双语小孩能更好的监控和适应环境，促进小孩的认知，B项正确，从第七段第一句也可得出答案。故本题选B.

4 单选题 1分

Speaking two languages rather than just。one has obvious practical benefits in an increasingly globalized world. But in recent years, scientists have begun to show that the advantages of biling ualism are even more fundamental than being able to converse with a wider range of people. Being bilingual, it turns out, makes you smarter. It can have a profound effect on your brain, improving cognitive skills not related to language and even shielding against dementia in old age.This view of bilingualism is remarkably different from the understanding of bilingualism through much of the 20th century. Researchers, educators and policy makers long considered a second language to be an interference, cognitively speaking, that hindered a child' s academic and intellectualdevelopment.

They were not wrong about the interference: there is ample evidence that in a bilingual' s brain both language systems are active even when he is using only one language, thus creating situations in which one system obstructs the other. But this interference, researchers are finding out, isn' t so much a handicap as a blessing in disguise. It forces the brain to resolve internal conflict, giving the mind a workout that strengthens its cognitive muscles Bilinguals, for instance, seem to be more adept than monolinguals at solving certain kinds of mental puzzles. In a 2004 study by the psychologists EIlen Bialystok and Michelle Martin- Rhee, bilingual and monolingual preschoolers were asked to sort blue circles and red squares presented on a computer screen into two digital bins- one marked with a blue square and the other marked with a red circle.

In the first task, the children had to sort the shapes by color, placing blue circles in the in marked with the blue square and red squares in the bin marked with the red circle. Both groups did this with comparable ease. Next, the children were asked to sort by shape, which was more challenging because it required placing the images in a bin

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正确答案：B

本题解析：

本题考查推理判断题。根据第五段第三三句"because it required placing the images in a bin marked with a conflicting color"可知，第二项任务需要小孩把图像放在一个标有冲突颜色的箱子里。双语小孩完成得更好。A项中的a variety of tough problems, C项中的time and experience和D项中的all his attention 0n the experiment均属于无中生有，B项正确。

5 单选题 1分

Speaking two languages rather than just。one has obvious practical benefits in an increasingly globalized world. But in recent years, scientists have begun to show that the advantages of biling ualism are even more fundamental than being able to converse with a wider range of people. Being bilingual, it turns out, makes you smarter. It can have a profound effect on your brain, improving cognitive skills not related to language and even shielding against dementia in old age.This view of bilingualism is remarkably different from the understanding of bilingualism through much of the 20th century. Researchers, educators and policy makers long considered a second language to be an interference, cognitively speaking, that hindered a child' s academic and intellectualdevelopment.

They were not wrong about the interference: there is ample evidence that in a bilingual' s brain both language systems are active even when he is using only one language, thus creating situations in which one system obstructs the other. But this interference, researchers are finding out, isn' t so much a handicap as a blessing in disguise. It forces the brain to resolve internal conflict, giving the mind a workout that strengthens its cognitive muscles Bilinguals, for instance, seem to be more adept than monolinguals at solving certain kinds of mental puzzles. In a 2004 study by the psychologists EIlen Bialystok and Michelle Martin- Rhee, bilingual and monolingual preschoolers were asked to sort blue circles and red squares presented on a computer screen into two digital bins- one marked with a blue square and the other marked with a red circle.

In the first task, the children had to sort the shapes by color, placing blue circles in the in marked with the blue square and red squares in the bin marked with the red circle. Both groups did this with comparable ease. Next, the children were asked to sort by shape, which was more challenging because it required placing the images in a bin

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正确答案：A

本题解析：

本题考查细节理解题。根据第二段第二句"Researchers, educators and policy makers long considereda second language to be an interference, cognitively speaking, that hindered a child' S academic and intellectual development"可知,长期以来，研究人员、教育工作者和政策制定者都认为第二语言是种干扰，从认知角度来说，它阻碍了儿童的学业和智力发展。故本题选A。

6 单选题 1分

“The age of melancholy"is how psychologist Daniel Goleman describes our age.People today experience more depression than previousgenerations, despite the technological wonders that help us every day. It might be because of them.

Our lifestyles are increasingly driven by technology. Phones, computers and the Internet pervadeour days.There is a constant, nagging need to check for texts and emails. to update Facebook, MySpace and Linkedln profiles, to acquire the latestnotebook or cellphone.

Are we being served by these technological wonders or have we become enslaved by them? l studythe psychology of technology, and it seems to me that we are sleepwalking into a world where technology is severely affecting our well-being. Technology can be hugely useful in the fast lane of modern living, but we need to stop it from taking over.

For many of us, it is becoming increasingly difficult to control the impulse to check our inbox yet again or see whether the neailres arv in a similarsince we last looked. Our children are in a similar date on Facebook.In many homes, the computerhas become the centre of attention; it is the meanum through which we work and play.

How did this arise, and what is it doing to us? In this era of mass consumption, we are surrounded

by advertising that urges us to find a fultillment through the acquisition of material goods.As a result, adults and children increasingly believe that in order to belong and feel good about themselves, they must own the lasted model or gadget.Yet research by psychologist Tim Kasser of Knox college in Galesburg,linoIs,nas tnral aoals areple who place a high value on material goals are unhappier than those who are less materialistic.Materialism is also associated with lower self-esteem, greater narcissism, greater tendency to compare oneself unfavorably with other people, less empathy and more conflict in relationships.

our culture also constantly reminds us that time is money.This imp

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正确答案：B

本题解析：

本题考查主旨大意题。纵观全文，可知文章在讨论的是科技给人们生活带来的是更多授权，还是让人们陷入了危险，沉迷其中成为奴隶。分析可知，故本题选B。

7 单选题 1分

“The age of melancholy"is how psychologist Daniel Goleman describes our age.People today experience more depression than previousgenerations, despite the technological wonders that help us every day. It might be because of them.

Our lifestyles are increasingly driven by technology. Phones, computers and the Internet pervadeour days.There is a constant, nagging need to check for texts and emails. to update Facebook, MySpace and Linkedln profiles, to acquire the latestnotebook or cellphone.

Are we being served by these technological wonders or have we become enslaved by them? l studythe psychology of technology, and it seems to me that we are sleepwalking into a world where technology is severely affecting our well-being. Technology can be hugely useful in the fast lane of modern living, but we need to stop it from taking over.

For many of us, it is becoming increasingly difficult to control the impulse to check our inbox yet again or see whether the neailres arv in a similarsince we last looked. Our children are in a similar date on Facebook.In many homes, the computerhas become the centre of attention; it is the meanum through which we work and play.

How did this arise, and what is it doing to us? In this era of mass consumption, we are surrounded

by advertising that urges us to find a fultillment through the acquisition of material goods.As a result, adults and children increasingly believe that in order to belong and feel good about themselves, they must own the lasted model or gadget.Yet research by psychologist Tim Kasser of Knox college in Galesburg,linoIs,nas tnral aoals areple who place a high value on material goals are unhappier than those who are less materialistic.Materialism is also associated with lower self-esteem, greater narcissism, greater tendency to compare oneself unfavorably with other people, less empathy and more conflict in relationships.

our culture also constantly reminds us that time is money.This imp

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正确答案：A

本题解析：

本题考查推理判断题。根据题干中Tim Kasser可以定位到文中第六段，根据第二句Materialism is also associated with lower self-esteem, greater narcissism, greater tendency to compare oneself unfavorable with other people, less empathy and more Conflict in realationships.故本题选A。

8 单选题 1分

“The age of melancholy"is how psychologist Daniel Goleman describes our age.People today experience more depression than previousgenerations, despite the technological wonders that help us every day. It might be because of them.

Our lifestyles are increasingly driven by technology. Phones, computers and the Internet pervadeour days.There is a constant, nagging need to check for texts and emails. to update Facebook, MySpace and Linkedln profiles, to acquire the latestnotebook or cellphone.

Are we being served by these technological wonders or have we become enslaved by them? l studythe psychology of technology, and it seems to me that we are sleepwalking into a world where technology is severely affecting our well-being. Technology can be hugely useful in the fast lane of modern living, but we need to stop it from taking over.

For many of us, it is becoming increasingly difficult to control the impulse to check our inbox yet again or see whether the neailres arv in a similarsince we last looked. Our children are in a similar date on Facebook.In many homes, the computerhas become the centre of attention; it is the meanum through which we work and play.

How did this arise, and what is it doing to us? In this era of mass consumption, we are surrounded

by advertising that urges us to find a fultillment through the acquisition of material goods.As a result, adults and children increasingly believe that in order to belong and feel good about themselves, they must own the lasted model or gadget.Yet research by psychologist Tim Kasser of Knox college in Galesburg,linoIs,nas tnral aoals areple who place a high value on material goals are unhappier than those who are less materialistic.Materialism is also associated with lower self-esteem, greater narcissism, greater tendency to compare oneself unfavorably with other people, less empathy and more conflict in relationships.

our culture also constantly reminds us that time is money.This imp

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正确答案：B

本题解析：

本题考查细节理解题。根据文章整体理解及最后一段中modern society is in danger of swapping standard of living for quality of life.可以比对选项, B项符合文章整体描述。

9 单选题 1分

“The age of melancholy"is how psychologist Daniel Goleman describes our age.People today experience more depression than previousgenerations, despite the technological wonders that help us every day. It might be because of them.

Our lifestyles are increasingly driven by technology. Phones, computers and the Internet pervadeour days.There is a constant, nagging need to check for texts and emails. to update Facebook, MySpace and Linkedln profiles, to acquire the latestnotebook or cellphone.

Are we being served by these technological wonders or have we become enslaved by them? l studythe psychology of technology, and it seems to me that we are sleepwalking into a world where technology is severely affecting our well-being. Technology can be hugely useful in the fast lane of modern living, but we need to stop it from taking over.

For many of us, it is becoming increasingly difficult to control the impulse to check our inbox yet again or see whether the neailres arv in a similarsince we last looked. Our children are in a similar date on Facebook.In many homes, the computerhas become the centre of attention; it is the meanum through which we work and play.

How did this arise, and what is it doing to us? In this era of mass consumption, we are surrounded

by advertising that urges us to find a fultillment through the acquisition of material goods.As a result, adults and children increasingly believe that in order to belong and feel good about themselves, they must own the lasted model or gadget.Yet research by psychologist Tim Kasser of Knox college in Galesburg,linoIs,nas tnral aoals areple who place a high value on material goals are unhappier than those who are less materialistic.Materialism is also associated with lower self-esteem, greater narcissism, greater tendency to compare oneself unfavorably with other people, less empathy and more conflict in relationships.

our culture also constantly reminds us that time is money.This imp

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正确答案：D

本题解析：

本题考查细节理解题。根据题干中pragraph2定位第二段,根据第一句Our lifestyle are increasingly driven by technology. Phones, computers and the internet pervade our days.可知，人们的生活充满了手机、电脑、网络等，离不开他们。故本题选D。

10 单选题 1分

“The age of melancholy"is how psychologist Daniel Goleman describes our age.People today experience more depression than previousgenerations, despite the technological wonders that help us every day. It might be because of them.

Our lifestyles are increasingly driven by technology. Phones, computers and the Internet pervadeour days.There is a constant, nagging need to check for texts and emails. to update Facebook, MySpace and Linkedln profiles, to acquire the latestnotebook or cellphone.

Are we being served by these technological wonders or have we become enslaved by them? l studythe psychology of technology, and it seems to me that we are sleepwalking into a world where technology is severely affecting our well-being. Technology can be hugely useful in the fast lane of modern living, but we need to stop it from taking over.

For many of us, it is becoming increasingly difficult to control the impulse to check our inbox yet again or see whether the neailres arv in a similarsince we last looked. Our children are in a similar date on Facebook.In many homes, the computerhas become the centre of attention; it is the meanum through which we work and play.

How did this arise, and what is it doing to us? In this era of mass consumption, we are surrounded

by advertising that urges us to find a fultillment through the acquisition of material goods.As a result, adults and children increasingly believe that in order to belong and feel good about themselves, they must own the lasted model or gadget.Yet research by psychologist Tim Kasser of Knox college in Galesburg,linoIs,nas tnral aoals areple who place a high value on material goals are unhappier than those who are less materialistic.Materialism is also associated with lower self-esteem, greater narcissism, greater tendency to compare oneself unfavorably with other people, less empathy and more conflict in relationships.

our culture also constantly reminds us that time is money.This imp

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正确答案：C

本题解析：

本题考查细节理解题。根据题干中关键词paragraph1,Daniel Goleman， "the age of melancholy" 可以定位第二句、第三句People today experience moredepression than previous generations, despite the technological wonders that help us every day. Itmight because of them.分析得知，故本题选C。