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发布时间： 2021-12-27 08:04
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Shortly after The Economist wnt to press,about 25,000 people were expected to tum up at the London An Fair.Your correspondent visited just before,as 128 white booths were being filled with modern paintings and sculptures.Dealers clutched mobile phones to their ears or gathered in small groups.They seemed nervous-as well ihey mighl be."I can eam a year's living in one fair,"said one harried dealer while slringing up a set of lights.Before 1999 London had just one regular contemporary art fair,remembers Will Ramsay,boss of the expanding Affordable Art Fair.This year around 20 will be held in Britain,mostly in the cap-ital.Roughly 90 will iake place worldwide.The success of larger events such as Fneze,which star ted in London,has stimulated the growth of smaller fairs specialising in craft work,ceramics and other things.Artl4,which started last year,specialises in less weU-known intemational galleries,showing art from Sub-Sahuan Africa,South Korea and Hong Kong.One explanation for the boom is the overall gromth of the modem-art market.Four-rifths of all art sold at auction worldwide last year was from the 20th or 21st century,according to Artprice,a database.In November an auction in New York of modern and contemporary art made$691m,easily breaking the previous record.As older art becomes harder to buy-much of it is locked up in museums-demand for recent works js rising.London's art market in particular has been boosted by an influx of rich immigrants from Russia,China and the Middle East."When I sttuled 23 years ago I had not a single non-Westem foreign buyer,"says Kenny Schachter,an art dealer."It's a different world now."And London's new rich buy art differenLly.They often spend little time in the capital and do not know it well.Traipsing around individual galleries is inconvenient,particularly as galleries have moved out of central London.The mall-like set-up of a fair is much more suiLable.Commercial galleries used to rely on regular visits from rich Briions seeking to fumish their stately homes.Many were family friends.The new art buyers have no such loyalty.People now visit galleries mainly to go to evenLs and to be seen,says Alan Cristea,a gallery owner on Cork street in Mayfair.Fairs,and the parties thaL spring up around them,are much better places to be spotted.Some galleries are feeling squeezed.Bernard Jacobson runs a gallery opposite Mr Cristea.The changing art market reminds him of his father,a chemist,who was eclipsed by a pharmaceutical chain,in the 1960s.Seven galleries in Cork Street relocated this month to make way for a redevel-opment;five more may follow later this year.Yet the rise of the fairs means galleries no longer require prime real estate,thinks Sarah Monk of the London Art Fair.With an inlernational clientele,many can work online or from home.Although some art fairs still require their exhibitors to have a gallery space,increasingly these are small places outside central London or beyond Lhe city altogether.One gallery owner says few rich customers ever visit his shop in south London.He makes all his contacts at the booths he sets up at fairs,which might be twice the size of his store."It's a little like fishing,"he explains."You move to where the pike is."
Bernard Jacobson feels that
本题解析：
根据Sarah Monk定位到最后一段前两句：Yet the rise of the fairs means galleries no longer require prime real estate,thinks Sarah Monk of the London Art Fair.With an international clientele,many can work online or from home.“伦敦艺术博览会的莎拉·芒克认为，艺术品博览会的兴起意味着画廊不再需要黄金地带。有了国际顾客，许多画廊可以网上交易或者居家办公。”与这两句话意思相关的选项是[A]gallery owners can make deals on the Internet。其中gallery owners=many（指代many galleries）；make deals=work；on the Intemel=online。故[A]为本题答案。
Shortly after The Economist went to press,about 25,000 people were expected to tum up at the London An Fair.Your correspondent visited just before,as 128 white booths were being filled with modern paintings and sculptures.Dealers clutched mobile phones to their ears or gathered in small groups.They seemed nervous-as well ihey mighl be."I can eam a year's living in one fair,"said one harried dealer while slringing up a set of lights.Before 1999 London had just one regular contemporary art fair,remembers Will Ramsay,boss of the expanding Affordable Art Fair.This year around 20 will be held in Britain,mostly in the cap-ital.Roughly 90 will iake place worldwide.The success of larger events such as Fneze,which star ted in London,has stimulated the growth of smaller fairs specialising in craft work,ceramics and other things.Artl4,which started last year,specialises in less weU-known intemational galleries,showing art from Sub-Sahuan Africa,South Korea and Hong Kong.One explanation for the boom is the overall gromth of the modem-art market.Four-rifths of all art sold at auction worldwide last year was from the 20th or 21st century,according to Artprice,a database.In November an auction in New York of modern and contemporary art made$691m,easily breaking the previous record.As older art becomes harder to buy-much of it is locked up in museums-demand for recent works js rising.London's art market in particular has been boosted by an influx of rich immigrants from Russia,China and the Middle East."When I sttuled 23 years ago I had not a single non-Westem foreign buyer,"says Kenny Schachter,an art dealer."It's a different world now."And London's new rich buy art differenLly.They often spend little time in the capital and do not know it well.Traipsing around individual galleries is inconvenient,particularly as galleries have moved out of central London.The mall-like set-up of a fair is much more suiLable.Commercial galleries used to rely on regular visits from rich Briions seeking to fumish their stately homes.Many were family friends.The new art buyers have no such loyalty.People now visit galleries mainly to go to evenLs and to be seen,says Alan Cristea,a gallery owner on Cork street in Mayfair.Fairs,and the parties thaL spring up around them,are much better places to be spotted.Some galleries are feeling squeezed.Bernard Jacobson runs a gallery opposite Mr Cristea.The changing art market reminds him of his father,a chemist,who was eclipsed by a pharmaceutical chain,in the 1960s.Seven galleries in Cork Street relocated this month to make way for a redevel-opment;five more may follow later this year.Yet the rise of the fairs means galleries no longer require prime real estate,thinks Sarah Monk of the London Art Fair.With an inlernational clientele,many can work online or from home.Although some art fairs still require their exhibitors to have a gallery space,increasingly these are small places outside central London or beyond Lhe city altogether.One gallery owner says few rich customers ever visit his shop in south London.He makes all his contacts at the booths he sets up at fairs,which might be twice the size of his store."It's a little like fishing,"he explains."You move to where the pike is."
Bernard Jacobson feels that
本题解析：
根据Bernard Jacobson定位到倒数第二段第一至三句：Some galleries are feeling squeezed.Bemard Jacobson runs a gallery opposite Mr Cnstea.The changing art market reminds him of his faiher,a chemist,who was eclipsed by a pharmaceutical chain,in the 1960s.其中第一句squeezed表示“被挤压，有压力”。与这几句话相关的选项是[C]the change of art market has exerted pressure on him。其中the change of art market-the changing art market;exert pressure“施加压力”=feeling squeezed“感到压力”。故[C]为本题答案。
Shortly after The Economist went to press,about 25,000 people were expected to tum up at the London An Fair.Your correspondent visited just before,as 128 white booths were being filled with modern paintings and sculptures.Dealers clutched mobile phones to their ears or gathered in small groups.They seemed nervous-as well ihey mighl be."I can eam a year's living in one fair,"said one harried dealer while slringing up a set of lights.Before 1999 London had just one regular contemporary art fair,remembers Will Ramsay,boss of the expanding Affordable Art Fair.This year around 20 will be held in Britain,mostly in the cap-ital.Roughly 90 will iake place worldwide.The success of larger events such as Fneze,which star ted in London,has stimulated the growth of smaller fairs specialising in craft work,ceramics and other things.Artl4,which started last year,specialises in less weU-known intemational galleries,showing art from Sub-Sahuan Africa,South Korea and Hong Kong.One explanation for the boom is the overall gromth of the modem-art market.Four-rifths of all art sold at auction worldwide last year was from the 20th or 21st century,according to Artprice,a database.In November an auction in New York of modern and contemporary art made$691m,easily breaking the previous record.As older art becomes harder to buy-much of it is locked up in museums-demand for recent works js rising.London's art market in particular has been boosted by an influx of rich immigrants from Russia,China and the Middle East."When I sttuled 23 years ago I had not a single non-Westem foreign buyer,"says Kenny Schachter,an art dealer."It's a different world now."And London's new rich buy art differenLly.They often spend little time in the capital and do not know it well.Traipsing around individual galleries is inconvenient,particularly as galleries have moved out of central London.The mall-like set-up of a fair is much more suiLable.Commercial galleries used to rely on regular visits from rich Briions seeking to fumish their stately homes.Many were family friends.The new art buyers have no such loyalty.People now visit galleries mainly to go to evenLs and to be seen,says Alan Cristea,a gallery owner on Cork street in Mayfair.Fairs,and the parties thaL spring up around them,are much better places to be spotted.Some galleries are feeling squeezed.Bernard Jacobson runs a gallery opposite Mr Cristea.The changing art market reminds him of his father,a chemist,who was eclipsed by a pharmaceutical chain,in the 1960s.Seven galleries in Cork Street relocated this month to make way for a redevel-opment;five more may follow later this year.Yet the rise of the fairs means galleries no longer require prime real estate,thinks Sarah Monk of the London Art Fair.With an inlernational clientele,many can work online or from home.Although some art fairs still require their exhibitors to have a gallery space,increasingly these are small places outside central London or beyond Lhe city altogether.One gallery owner says few rich customers ever visit his shop in south London.He makes all his contacts at the booths he sets up at fairs,which might be twice the size of his store."It's a little like fishing,"he explains."You move to where the pike is."
Alan Cristea argues that
本题解析：
根据Alan Cristea定位到第五段第三、四行：People now visit galleries mainly to go to events and to be seen,says Alan Cristea.“艾伦·克里斯蒂说，人们现在造访画廊主要是去参加活动并露个脸。”言下之意是许多来画廊的人并不是来买画，即并非他们的潜在顾客。与本题相符的选项是[E]many people visiting f;aIJeries are not potential customers。其中people.visit galleries都是原词复现；not polential customers=mainly to go lo events and to be seen。故[E]为本题答案。
Shortly after The Economist went to press,about 25,000 people were expected to tum up at the London An Fair.Your correspondent visited just before,as 128 white booths were being filled with modern paintings and sculptures.Dealers clutched mobile phones to their ears or gathered in small groups.They seemed nervous-as well ihey mighl be."I can eam a year's living in one fair,"said one harried dealer while slringing up a set of lights.Before 1999 London had just one regular contemporary art fair,remembers Will Ramsay,boss of the expanding Affordable Art Fair.This year around 20 will be held in Britain,mostly in the cap-ital.Roughly 90 will iake place worldwide.The success of larger events such as Fneze,which star ted in London,has stimulated the growth of smaller fairs specialising in craft work,ceramics and other things.Artl4,which started last year,specialises in less weU-known intemational galleries,showing art from Sub-Sahuan Africa,South Korea and Hong Kong.One explanation for the boom is the overall gromth of the modem-art market.Four-rifths of all art sold at auction worldwide last year was from the 20th or 21st century,according to Artprice,a database.In November an auction in New York of modern and contemporary art made$691m,easily breaking the previous record.As older art becomes harder to buy-much of it is locked up in museums-demand for recent works js rising.London's art market in particular has been boosted by an influx of rich immigrants from Russia,China and the Middle East."When I sttuled 23 years ago I had not a single non-Westem foreign buyer,"says Kenny Schachter,an art dealer."It's a different world now."And London's new rich buy art differenLly.They often spend little time in the capital and do not know it well.Traipsing around individual galleries is inconvenient,particularly as galleries have moved out of central London.The mall-like set-up of a fair is much more suiLable.Commercial galleries used to rely on regular visits from rich Briions seeking to fumish their stately homes.Many were family friends.The new art buyers have no such loyalty.People now visit galleries mainly to go to evenLs and to be seen,says Alan Cristea,a gallery owner on Cork street in Mayfair.Fairs,and the parties thaL spring up around them,are much better places to be spotted.Some galleries are feeling squeezed.Bernard Jacobson runs a gallery opposite Mr Cristea.The changing art market reminds him of his father,a chemist,who was eclipsed by a pharmaceutical chain,in the 1960s.Seven galleries in Cork Street relocated this month to make way for a redevel-opment;five more may follow later this year.Yet the rise of the fairs means galleries no longer require prime real estate,thinks Sarah Monk of the London Art Fair.With an inlernational clientele,many can work online or from home.Although some art fairs still require their exhibitors to have a gallery space,increasingly these are small places outside central London or beyond Lhe city altogether.One gallery owner says few rich customers ever visit his shop in south London.He makes all his contacts at the booths he sets up at fairs,which might be twice the size of his store."It's a little like fishing,"he explains."You move to where the pike is."
Kenny Schachter says that
本题解析：
根据Kenny Schachter定位到第四段第二、三行：“When I started 23 years ago I had not a single non-Westem foreign buyer，”says Kenny Schachter,an art dealer.“It's a different world now.”而该段首句还提到：London's art market in particular has been boosted byan influx of rich immigrants from Russ18．China and the Middle East.综合这几个句子可以得出结论：如今许多艺术品购买者来自非西方国家。故选项[B]为正确答案。
Shortly after The Economist went to press,about 25,000 people were expected to tum up at the London An Fair.Your correspondent visited just before,as 128 white booths were being filled with modern paintings and sculptures.Dealers clutched mobile phones to their ears or gathered in small groups.They seemed nervous-as well ihey mighl be."I can eam a year's living in one fair,"said one harried dealer while slringing up a set of lights.Before 1999 London had just one regular contemporary art fair,remembers Will Ramsay,boss of the expanding Affordable Art Fair.This year around 20 will be held in Britain,mostly in the cap-ital.Roughly 90 will iake place worldwide.The success of larger events such as Fneze,which star ted in London,has stimulated the growth of smaller fairs specialising in craft work,ceramics and other things.Artl4,which started last year,specialises in less weU-known intemational galleries,showing art from Sub-Sahuan Africa,South Korea and Hong Kong.One explanation for the boom is the overall gromth of the modem-art market.Four-rifths of all art sold at auction worldwide last year was from the 20th or 21st century,according to Artprice,a database.In November an auction in New York of modern and contemporary art made$691m,easily breaking the previous record.As older art becomes harder to buy-much of it is locked up in museums-demand for recent works js rising.London's art market in particular has been boosted by an influx of rich immigrants from Russia,China and the Middle East."When I sttuled 23 years ago I had not a single non-Westem foreign buyer,"says Kenny Schachter,an art dealer."It's a different world now."And London's new rich buy art differenLly.They often spend little time in the capital and do not know it well.Traipsing around individual galleries is inconvenient,particularly as galleries have moved out of central London.The mall-like set-up of a fair is much more suiLable.Commercial galleries used to rely on regular visits from rich Briions seeking to fumish their stately homes.Many were family friends.The new art buyers have no such loyalty.People now visit galleries mainly to go to evenLs and to be seen,says Alan Cristea,a gallery owner on Cork street in Mayfair.Fairs,and the parties thaL spring up around them,are much better places to be spotted.Some galleries are feeling squeezed.Bernard Jacobson runs a gallery opposite Mr Cristea.The changing art market reminds him of his father,a chemist,who was eclipsed by a pharmaceutical chain,in the 1960s.Seven galleries in Cork Street relocated this month to make way for a redevel-opment;five more may follow later this year.Yet the rise of the fairs means galleries no longer require prime real estate,thinks Sarah Monk of the London Art Fair.With an inlernational clientele,many can work online or from home.Although some art fairs still require their exhibitors to have a gallery space,increasingly these are small places outside central London or beyond Lhe city altogether.One gallery owner says few rich customers ever visit his shop in south London.He makes all his contacts at the booths he sets up at fairs,which might be twice the size of his store."It's a little like fishing,"he explains."You move to where the pike is."
Will Ramsay recalls that
本题解析：
根据Will Ramsay定位到第二段第一句：Before 1999 London had just one regular contemporary art fair．remembers Will Ramsay.根据关键词1999找到7个选项中唯一一个带有时间的，即选项[G]。该项的at the end of the 20th century“20世纪末”与“1999年”相符。此外，该项的art exhibitions“艺术博览会”等于原文的art fair"艺术博览会”；very few“极少数”与just one“只有一个”比较接近。综上，[G]为本题答案。
Text 4 Eva Ullmann took her master's degree in 2002 0n the part that humour has to play in psychotherapy,and became hooked on the subject.In 2005 she founded the German Insiitute for Humour in Leipzig.It is dedicated to"the combination of seriousness and humour".She offers lectures,seminars and personal coaching to managers,from small firms tO such corporate giants as Deutsche Bank and Telekom.Her latest project is to help train medical studenis and doctors.There is nothing peculiarly German about humour training.It was John Morreall,an American,who showed that humour is a market segment in the ever-expanding American genre of self-help.In the past two decades,humour has gone global.An Intemational Humour Congress was held in Amsterdam in 2000.And yet Cermans know that the rest of the world considers them to be at a particular disadvantage.The issue is not comedy.of which Germany has plenty.The late Vicco von Biilow,alias Loriot,delighied the elite wiLh his mockery of German senousness and stiffness.Rhenish,Swabian and other regional flavours thrive-Gerhard Polt,a bad-tempered Bavarian,now 72,is a Shakespeare among Lhem.There is lowbrow talent ioo,including OLto Waalkes,a Frisian buffoon.Most of this,however,is as foreigners always suspected:more embanassing Lhan funny.Germans can often be observed laughing,loudly.And they try hard."They cannot produce good humour,but they can consume it,"says James Parsons,an English man teaching business English in Leipzig.He once rented a theatre and got students,including Mrs Ullmann,to act out Monty Python skits,which they did wiLh enthusiasm.The trouble,he says,is that whereas the English wait deadpan for the penny to drop,Germans invariably explain their punchline.At a deeper level,the problem has nothing to do with jokes.What is missing is the series of irony,overstatement and understatement in workaday conversations.Immigrants in Germany share soul-crushing stories of atlempting a non-literal turn of phrase,to evoke a hoffified expression in their Gennan friends and a detailed explanaiion of the literal meaning,followed by a retreat into awkward politeness.Irony is not on the curriculum in Mrs Ullmann's classes.Instead she focuses mostly on the bas-ics of humorous spontaneiLy and surprise.Demand is strong,she says.It is a typical German answer to a shortcoming:work harder at it.
Which or the following is true about Eva Ullmann?
本题解析：
细节题。根据关键词Eva Ullmann定位到第一段。选项[A]She gives free lecLures to smaIJ companies in Cermany.“她为德国小公司作免费演讲”。与该项相关的是倒数第二句：She offers lecLures...from smaU firms Io such corporate giants as Deutsche Bank and Telekom.选项中的“free”一词是无中生有：且文章说其讲座对象从small firms“小公司”到corporaLe giants“商业巨头”，故而进一步证明该项是错误的。选项[B]Her interest on humor can date back to her college days.“她对幽默的兴趣可以追溯到大学时期”。该段首句说：Eva Ullmann took her master's degree in 2002 0n the part that humour has to play in psychotherapy，and became hooked on the subject．其中master's degree“硕士学位”暗示college days”大学时期”；hooked表示“入迷的”，等同于interest“兴趣”；subject指上文“幽默在心理治疗中的作用”；故该项表述与原文相符。选项[C]She has dedicated herself to the study of psychotherapy.“她致力于心理治疗的研究”。该项与第三句相关：It is dedicated to“the combination of seriousness and humour”．该项显然是偷换概念。选项[D]She is a personal coach who trains medical oractitioners.“她是一名培训医疗从业者的私人教练。”该段最后两句分别提到She offers lectures,seminars and personal coaching to managers;Her latest project is to help tr8in medical students and doctors.该项的train medical practitioners=train medical students and doctors;但是文章说“她为经理人提供私人培训”，她是研究幽默的专家，而非私人教练，该项错在“personal coach”一词，属于偷换概念。综上，本题选择[B]。
Text 2 Economic refugees have traditionally lined up to get into America.lAtely,they have been lining up to leave.In the past few months,half a dozen biggish comparues have announced plans to merge with foreign partners and in the process move their corporate homes abroad.The motive is simple:corporate taxes are lower in Ireland,Britain and,for that matter,almost everywhere else than they are in America.In Washington,D.C.,policymakers have reacted wiLh indignation.Jack Lew,the treasury secretary,has quesLioned che companies'patriotism and called on Congress to outlaw such transactions.His fellow Democrats are eager to oblige,and some Republicans are willing to listen.The proposals are misguided.Tightening the rules on corporate"inversions",as these moves are called,does nothing to deal with the reason why so many firms want to leave:America has the rich world's most dysfunctional corporate-tax system.It needs fundamental reform,not new complications.America's corporate tax has two horrible flaws.The first is the tax rate,which at 35%is the lughest among the 34 mostly rich-country members of the OECD.Yet it raises less revenue than the OECD average ihanks to countless loopholes and tax breaks aimed at everything from machinery investment to NASCAR race tracks.Last year these breaks cost$150 billion in forgone revenue,more than half of what America collected in total corporate taxes.The second flaw is that America levies lax on a company's income no matter where in the world it is eamed.In contrast,every other large rich country taxes only income eamed within its borders.Here,too,America's system is absurdly ineffective at collecting money.Firms do not have to pay tax on foreign profits until Lhey bring them back home.Not surprisingly,many do not:American multinationals have some$2 trillion sittiry;on their foreign units'balance-sheets,and growing.All this imposes big costs on the economy.The high rate discourages investment and loopholes distort it,because decisions are driven by tax considerations rather than a project's economic merits.The tax rate companies actually pay varies wildly,depending on cheir type of business and the creativity of their lawyers:some pay close to zero,others the fuU 35%.But as other countries chopped their rates and America's stayed the same,the incentive to flee grew.A possible solution is to lower the corporate rate,eliminate tax breaks and move America from a worldwide system to a territonal one.
Which of the following would be the best tide for the text?
本题解析：
主旨题。文章第一段通过描述大量公司离开美国，引出美国企业税（corporate tax）这一问题：第二段描述官员对美国公司的行为表示愤怒，并作出一些提议；第三段引出作者观点：官员的提议具有误导性，美国企业税制需要改革；第四、五段分别讨论美国企业税的两大问题；最后一段总结美国企业税制的缺点并提出解决方案。选项[B]中Tax Breaks“税收减免”一词仅在第四、六两段出现过，只是文章讨论的部分内容，并非全文讨论的重点，该项可以排除。选项[C]中Cororations、Leave等关键词是首段讨论的内容，也非全文主旨，故也可以排除。选项[A][D]都强调了“美国企业税”这一关键词，[A]突出Reform“改革”，而[D]突出Hopeless“无可救药的”。作者在第三段最后一句提出：It needs fundamental refoIm．not new complications.又在第六段最后一句提出：A possible solution is to lower the corporate rate,eliminate tax breaks and move America from a worldwide system to a territorial one.因此，文章强调Reform“改革”一词，而非Hopeless“无可救药的”。故排除[D]选项，本题答案为[A]。
Text 3 Even before economist Howard Davies thinking where to put extra airport capacity in Britain,rejecting the idea of building a big new hub in the Thames Estuary,the backlash had begun.Boris Johnson,the mayor of London and an enthusiastic supporter of the Thames plan,spluttered in advance,then branded the decision"shortsighted".NIMBYs opposing the expansion of Heathrow and Catwick groaned,knowing that the remaining options all involve building or extending ninways at one of those airports.Sir Howard's final recommendation is sure to run into heavy rire.To make mat-ters worse,he and his team must hazard a guess about the future of air travel,Heathrow and Gatwick are both full,or close to it,and want to expand.But the two airports presently serve quite different parts of the market.Some 37%of passengers at Heathrow transfer between flights.Nearly a third of its customers are on business.By contrast,only 13%of Gatwick's cusiomers are business travellers.Most are going on holiday.Just 7%transfer there-a proportion that has fallen by half over the past decade.Heathrow's shiny new Terminal 2,which opened in June,is full of expensive shops and restaurants run by Michelin-starred cooks lo entice rich passengers.At CaLwick,recenL improvements reflect its popularity with holiday goers:a wider lane at security gate has been set aside for families,while an area in ihe southern terminal is now reserved for elderly passengers,with comfortable seats and a small duty-free shop.The airports'managers also hold entirely different views about the way the airline industry will develop,and its place in the broader economy.Much of the argument for expanding Heathrow rests on the idea that hub airporls are,and will remain,vital.Without further expansion,boosters argue,fewer flights to distant places such as Wuhan and Xiamen will be available to businessmen.If the capaciiy plight persists,domestic flights are more likely to be delayed or canceUed.European airports will pick up those passengers inslead."That's our CDP leaking out,"says Jon Proudlove,Lhe general manager of air-traffic control at Heathrow.Not surpnsingly,Calwick takes a different view.Over the past ten years the growth of low-cost airlines has been explosive.poinls out Sir Roy McNulty,chairman of the Gatwick group.People are travelling in different ways,with more"self-connecting"to keep costs down.AIthough connections with emerging markets are important.Europe and North America will remain Bricain's largesl trading partners,he argues.London will be a deslinalion in its own right.
Howard Davies's plan to expand the airport has______
本题解析：
细节题。根据Howard Davies定位到首段首句：而expand the airport则出现在第四行expansion of Heathrow and Gatwick-句。对于Howard Davies扩建希思罗机场和盖特威克机场的决定，第一段多次讨论。首先首句提到：the backlash had begun“反对的声音开始出现”；第二句继续说：Boris Johnson...spluttered in advance，then branded the decision“shortsighted”．其中spluttered“气急败坏地说”、shortsighted“目光短浅的”等词体现其态度；紧接着下一句指出：NIMBYs opposing the expansion of Heathrow and Gatwick groaned...该句明确提到opposing“反对”、groaned“抱怨”等词；倒数第二句还说：Sir Howard's final recommendation is sure to run into heavy fire.其中run into heavy fire表示“遭受猛烈抨击”。所有这些信息都在强调Howard Davies的计划引起人们的强烈反对。选项[A]caused great concern“引起极大关注”；[B]gained public recognition“获得公众认可”；[C]aroused strong opposition“引起强烈反对”；[D]received enthusiastic support“获得热烈支持”。故正确答案为[c]。
Text 3 Even before economist Howard Davies thinking where to put extra airport capacity in Britain,rejecting the idea of building a big new hub in the Thames Estuary,the backlash had begun.Boris Johnson,the mayor of London and an enthusiastic supporter of the Thames plan,spluttered in advance,then branded the decision"shortsighted".NIMBYs opposing the expansion of Heathrow and Catwick groaned,knowing that the remaining options all involve building or extending ninways at one of those airports.Sir Howard's final recommendation is sure to run into heavy rire.To make mat-ters worse,he and his team must hazard a guess about the future of air travel,Heathrow and Gatwick are both full,or close to it,and want to expand.But the two airports presently serve quite different parts of the market.Some 37%of passengers at Heathrow transfer between flights.Nearly a third of its customers are on business.By contrast,only 13%of Gatwick's cusiomers are business travellers.Most are going on holiday.Just 7%transfer there-a proportion that has fallen by half over the past decade.Heathrow's shiny new Terminal 2,which opened in June,is full of expensive shops and restaurants run by Michelin-starred cooks lo entice rich passengers.At CaLwick,recenL improvements reflect its popularity with holiday goers:a wider lane at security gate has been set aside for families,while an area in ihe southern terminal is now reserved for elderly passengers,with comfortable seats and a small duty-free shop.The airports'managers also hold entirely different views about the way the airline industry will develop,and its place in the broader economy.Much of the argument for expanding Heathrow rests on the idea that hub airporls are,and will remain,vital.Without further expansion,boosters argue,fewer flights to distant places such as Wuhan and Xiamen will be available to businessmen.If the capaciiy plight persists,domestic flights are more likely to be delayed or canceUed.European airports will pick up those passengers inslead."That's our CDP leaking out,"says Jon Proudlove,Lhe general manager of air-traffic control at Heathrow.Not surpnsingly,Calwick takes a different view.Over the past ten years the growth of low-cost airlines has been explosive.poinls out Sir Roy McNulty,chairman of the Gatwick group.People are travelling in different ways,with more"self-connecting"to keep costs down.AIthough connections with emerging markets are important.Europe and North America will remain Bricain's largesl trading partners,he argues.London will be a deslinalion in its own right.
In regard of the future of the airport,Roy McNulty seems to reel____
本题解析：
态度题。根据Roy McNulty定位到最后一段。本段整段都以Roy McNulty的观点展开讨论，其中growth“发展”、explosive“暴涨的”、imporlant“重要的”都属于正向词汇；故本题应该选择正向词汇作为答案。选项[A]confident“自信的”为正向词汇；选项[B]perplexed“困惑的”为负面词汇；选项[C]concemed“担忧的”为负面词汇；选项[D]indifferent”冷漠的”为负面词汇。四个选项中只有[A]为正向词汇，故本题选择[A]项。而本段最后一句London will be a destination in ils own right．‘伦敦将凭借自身能力成为航班目的地”更是体现出Roy McNulty对于Gatwick机场前景的自信。
Text 4 Eva Ullmann took her master's degree in 2002 0n the part that humour has to play in psychotherapy,and became hooked on the subject.In 2005 she founded the German Insiitute for Humour in Leipzig.It is dedicated to"the combination of seriousness and humour".She offers lectures,seminars and personal coaching to managers,from small firms tO such corporate giants as Deutsche Bank and Telekom.Her latest project is to help train medical studenis and doctors.There is nothing peculiarly German about humour training.It was John Morreall,an American,who showed that humour is a market segment in the ever-expanding American genre of self-help.In the past two decades,humour has gone global.An Intemational Humour Congress was held in Amsterdam in 2000.And yet Cermans know that the rest of the world considers them to be at a particular disadvantage.The issue is not comedy.of which Germany has plenty.The late Vicco von Biilow,alias Loriot,delighied the elite wiLh his mockery of German senousness and stiffness.Rhenish,Swabian and other regional flavours thrive-Gerhard Polt,a bad-tempered Bavarian,now 72,is a Shakespeare among Lhem.There is lowbrow talent ioo,including OLto Waalkes,a Frisian buffoon.Most of this,however,is as foreigners always suspected:more embanassing Lhan funny.Germans can often be observed laughing,loudly.And they try hard."They cannot produce good humour,but they can consume it,"says James Parsons,an English man teaching business English in Leipzig.He once rented a theatre and got students,including Mrs Ullmann,to act out Monty Python skits,which they did wiLh enthusiasm.The trouble,he says,is that whereas the English wait deadpan for the penny to drop,Germans invariably explain their punchline.At a deeper level,the problem has nothing to do with jokes.What is missing is the series of irony,overstatement and understatement in workaday conversations.Immigrants in Germany share soul-crushing stories of atlempting a non-literal turn of phrase,to evoke a hoffified expression in their Gennan friends and a detailed explanaiion of the literal meaning,followed by a retreat into awkward politeness.Irony is not on the curriculum in Mrs Ullmann's classes.Instead she focuses mostly on the bas-ics of humorous spontaneiLy and surprise.Demand is strong,she says.It is a typical German answer to a shortcoming:work harder at it.German comedy is mentioned to show that Germans_____
本题解析：
例证题。根据关键词German comedy定位到第三段首句。该段首句先引出本段话题即德国喜剧，紧接着所有句子都在举例子，最后提出转折以突出观点，该句即为答案句：Most of this,however,is as foreigners always suspected:more embarrassing than funny．“然而，外国人往往对此质疑：尴尬大于乐趣。”由此可见外国人觉得德国喜剧并不幽默，即德国人“对幽默不敏感”，选项[A]are insensitive to humor一项正确。选项[B]have a good sense of humor“具有很好的幽默感”：该项与原文完全相反。选项[C】always emharrass foreigners“往往让外国人感到尴尬”；让人尴尬的是指德国喜剧，并非德国人，可以排除。选项[D]are not good at performance“不擅长表演”；该项在文章中没有体现。综上，本题选择[A]。
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