当前位置：首页 → 职业资格 → 教师资格 → 中学思想品德学科知识与教学能力->根据材料，按要求完成教学设计任务。材料：高中《思想政治》必修
根据材料，按要求完成教学设计任务。
材料：高中《思想政治》必修4生活与哲学第四单元第十二课(节选)。
价值观及其导向作用
人们在认识各种具体事物的价值的基础上，会形成对事物价值的总的看法和根本观点，这就是价值观。在我国现阶段，富强、民主、文明、和谐是国家层面的价值目标；自由、平等、公平、法治是社会层面的价值取向：爱国、敬业、诚信、友善是公民个人层面的价值准则。这24个字是社会主义核心价值观的基本内容，为培育和践行社会主义核心价值观提供了基本遵循。社会主义核心价值观是社会主义核心价值体系的高度凝练和集中表达。
价值观对人们认识世界和改造世界的活动有重要导向作用。一方面，价值观影响人们对事物的认识和评价。价值观不同。人们对事物的认识和评价就不同。另一方面，价值观影响人们改造世界的活动，影响人们的行为选择。选择正确，才能在改造世界的活动中取得成功；选择错误,就会遭到失败。
价值观是人生的重要向导。一个人走什么样的人生道路，选择什么样的生活方式，都是在一定世界观和价值观的指导下进行的。价值观不同，人们在面对公益与私利、生与死等冲突时做出的选择也不同。
要求：
(1)写出本教学内容的重点，并简要说明理由。
(2)根据活动教学要求，围绕教学重点设计一个教学片段。
(1)教学重点：知道不同的价值观对人们认识世界、改造世界以及人生道路的选择具有不同的导向作用。 理由：在了解价值观含义的基础上，更应该知道价值观的导向作用具体体现在哪些地方。这一知识点，既是本课内容的理论要点，同时对于青少年学生树立自己的正确价值观具有重要的启示意义。
(2)活动教学的教学片段：
活动一：材料讨论会
多媒体展示下列材料：第59届联大法律委员会以71票赞成、35票反对、43票弃权的表决结果，以决议的形式通过《联合国关于人的克隆宣言》，要求各国禁止有违人类尊严的任何形式的克隆人。中国投了反对票。
想一想：中国为什么投反对票
学生前后桌组成小组进行讨论，讨论完后分享讨论成果。
教师总结：中国之所以对宣言投反对票，是因为宣言的表述含混不清，宣言提到的“禁止”可能会被误解为也涵盖治疗性克隆研究，这是中方所不能接受的。中国代表强调．中国政府将继续坚持反对生殖性克隆人的立场，并将加强对治疗性克隆研究的管理和控制，确保人类的尊严和国际公认的生命伦理原则不受损害。这体现了价值观对人们认识世界和改造世界具有导向作用，即指导人们认识什么、改造什么或不认识什么、不改造什么。
活动二：故事分享会
多媒体展示下列故事：两个年轻人一同寻找工作，一个是英国人，一个是犹太人。有一天，他们结伴在大街上行走，一枚硬币躺在地上，英国青年看也不看地走了过去，犹太青年却激动地将它捡起。英国青年对犹太青年的举动露出鄙夷之色：一枚硬币也捡．真没出息!犹太青年望着远去的英国青年心生感慨：让钱白白地从身边溜走，真没出息。两个年轻人同时走进一家公司，公司很小，工作很累，工资也很低，英国青年不屑一顾地走了，而犹太青年却高高兴兴地留了下来。两年后，两人在街上相遇，犹太青年已成了老板，而英国青年还在寻找工作。英国青年对此不理解。说：“你这么没出息的人怎么能这么快地‘发’了”犹太青年说：“因为我没有像你那样绅士般地从一枚硬币上迈过去，你连一枚硬币都不要．怎么会发大财呢”
想一想：这个故事说明了什么道理
学生分小组进行思考讨论，讨论完后派代表分享观点。
教师总结：价值观不同，人们对事物的态度和评价必然不同，人们的行为和做法就不相同，当然结局也不相同。这体现了价值观的导向作用。
综合以上两个活动，我们可以认识到：不同的价值观对个人和社会有着不同的导向作用，价值观不同对事物的评价就不同，在认识世界和改造世界的活动中以及人生道路的选择过程中指向就不同，行为和结果也就不同。所以，老师希望同学们从现在开始，就树立起正确的世界观、人生观和价值观，走好你们人生中的每一步。
设计任务：请阅读下面学生信息和听力语言素材，设计一节英语听力课的教学方案。教案没有固定格式，但必须包含下列要点：
●teaching objectives
●teaching contents
●key and difficult points
●major steps and time allocation
●activities and justifications
教学时间：45分钟
学生概况：某城镇普通中学八年级(初中二年级)学生，班级人数40人。多数已经达到《义务教育英语课程标准(2011年版)》三级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。
语言素材：
Yu Gong Moves a Mountain
Once upon a time，there was a very old man．There were two mountains near his house．They were so big and high that it took a long way to walk to the other side．The old man told his family that they should all help him to move the mountains．
Yu Gong said they could put them into the sea because it's big enough to hold everything．Yu Gong and his family began to move some of the soil and stone into the sea．
One day a mall saw Yu Gong and his children when they were working on moving the mountains．He told Yu Gong that he could never do it because he was old and weak．
As soon as the man finished talking，Yu Gong said that his family could continue to move the mountains after he died．His family would live and grow，but the mountains could not get bigger．So Yu Gong and his family kept on digging day after day and year after year．
Finally，a god was so moved by Yu Gong that he sent two gods to take the mountains away．
This story reminds US that you can never know what’s possible unless you try to make it happen．
请简要分析该教师的行为体现了教学反馈的什么要求。
教学片段：
T：What’s the theme of the passageWhy do you think soStudent A，please．
A：The passage is about the invention of table tennis．
T：Good．Any other ideasStudent B．
B：It is about who invents the table tennis．
T：OK，sit down please．Anyone else
(After a minute．)
T：OK．Who agrees with Student APlease raise your hand．
(Some students raise their hand．)
T：Who agrees with Student B
(Some other students raise their hand．)
T：Great．Now let’s read the passage again，and pay attention to the first sentence of each para graph．Let’s work out together whose opinion is the main idea of the passage，A’s or B’s．
任务型教学法采用活动途径，倡导体验参与。请简述如何理解“活动”一词。
In a Total Physical Response classroom．the students listen attentively and respond_________to commands given by the teacher．
Don’t turn off the computer before closing all programs_______you could have problems．
Which can be the while-listening activity in the following activities
It was not until near the end of the letter_________she mentioned her own plan．
One question that all approaches of language teaching should answer is“_______”
Liberia，the oldest independent Negro state in West Africa，has been struggling for survival ever since its foundation in 1822．Progress has been hampered by constant hostility between the American
Negroes whose families returned there in the early 19th century，and the West Africans whose ancestors never left the continent．Though the two groups are of the same race，they are divided by language and outlook and regard each other with deep suspicion creating a conflict which was not foreseen by Liberia’s founders．
In addition，neighboring states，native tribe，disease，and poverty have made life dangerous and difficult．The government has tried desperately，through loans and a trickle of trade，to make ends meet．Anxiety about financial matters lessened somewhat when，in l910，the United States accepted responsibility for Liberia’s survival．However，not until Harvey Firestone，the American rubber king，
decided that the United States must produce its own rubber--with Liberia as the site of the rubber plantations-did Liberia have much hope of paying its debts and balancing its budget．
The rubber industry，founded in the l 920s，and the activity that followed it brought both progress and profit to Liberia．Before that time Liberia had DO roads，no mechanical transport and no good port；its people had little education and few tools．Liberians feel that the country is being ruled by rubber．
For this reason，the recent discovery of iron ore is important．Liberian leaders are trying to moderate the power of the rubber industry and to establish the country’s political and economic independence．
The best title for this passage is__________．
Liberia，the oldest independent Negro state in West Africa，has been struggling for survival ever since its foundation in 1822．Progress has been hampered by constant hostility between the American
Negroes whose families returned there in the early 19th century，and the West Africans whose ancestors never left the continent．Though the two groups are of the same race，they are divided by language and outlook and regard each other with deep suspicion creating a conflict which was not foreseen by Liberia’s founders．
In addition，neighboring states，native tribe，disease，and poverty have made life dangerous and difficult．The government has tried desperately，through loans and a trickle of trade，to make ends meet．Anxiety about financial matters lessened somewhat when，in l910，the United States accepted responsibility for Liberia’s survival．However，not until Harvey Firestone，the American rubber king，
decided that the United States must produce its own rubber--with Liberia as the site of the rubber plantations-did Liberia have much hope of paying its debts and balancing its budget．
The rubber industry，founded in the l 920s，and the activity that followed it brought both progress and profit to Liberia．Before that time Liberia had DO roads，no mechanical transport and no good port；its people had little education and few tools．Liberians feel that the country is being ruled by rubber．
For this reason，the recent discovery of iron ore is important．Liberian leaders are trying to moderate the power of the rubber industry and to establish the country’s political and economic independence．
The Liberians’attitude on“to improve a bit”is__________．
