2016年教师招聘考试《中学英语》真题精选

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1 单选题 1分

It’s one of our common beliefs that mice are afraid of cats. Scientists have long known that even if a mouse has never seen a cat before, it is still able to detect chemical signals released from it and run away in fear. This has always been thought to be something that is hard-wired into a mouse’ s brain.

But now Wendy Ingram, a graduate student at the University of California, Berkeley, has challenged this common sense. She has found a way to “cure” mice of their inborn fear of cats by infecting them with a parasite, reported the science journal Nature.

The parasite, called Toxoplasma gondii, might sound unfamiliar to you, but the shocking fact is that up to one-third of people around the world are infected by it. This parasite can cause different diseases among humans, especially pregnant women—it is linked to blindness and the death of unborn babies.

However, the parasite’s effects on mice are unique. Ingram and her team measured how mice reacted to a cat's urine (尿) before and after it was infected by the parasite. They noted that normal mice stayed far away from the urine while mice that were infected with the parasite walked freely around the test area.

But that's not all. The parasite was found to be more powerful than originally thought—even after researchers cured the mice of the infection. They no longer reacted with fear to a cat's smell, which could indicate that the infection has caused a permanent change in mice's brains.

Why does a parasite change a mouse's brain instead of making it sick like it does to humans The answer lies in evolution.

“It’s exciting scary to know how a parasite can manipulate a mouse's brain this way,"Ingram said. But she also finds it inspiring. "Typically if you have a bacterial infection, you go to a doctor and take antibiotics and the infection is cleared and you expect all the symptoms to also go away,” she said, but this study has proven that wrong. “This may have huge implications

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正确答案：D

本题解析：

在整篇文章中，作者都是在客观地叙述Wendy Ingram的新发现。positive“积极的，肯定的”；subjective“主观的”；negative“消极的，否定的”；objective“客观的”，故选D。

2 单选题 1分

It’s one of our common beliefs that mice are afraid of cats. Scientists have long known that even if a mouse has never seen a cat before, it is still able to detect chemical signals released from it and run away in fear. This has always been thought to be something that is hard-wired into a mouse’ s brain.

But now Wendy Ingram, a graduate student at the University of California, Berkeley, has challenged this common sense. She has found a way to “cure” mice of their inborn fear of cats by infecting them with a parasite, reported the science journal Nature.

The parasite, called Toxoplasma gondii, might sound unfamiliar to you, but the shocking fact is that up to one-third of people around the world are infected by it. This parasite can cause different diseases among humans, especially pregnant women—it is linked to blindness and the death of unborn babies.

However, the parasite’s effects on mice are unique. Ingram and her team measured how mice reacted to a cat's urine (尿) before and after it was infected by the parasite. They noted that normal mice stayed far away from the urine while mice that were infected with the parasite walked freely around the test area.

But that's not all. The parasite was found to be more powerful than originally thought—even after researchers cured the mice of the infection. They no longer reacted with fear to a cat's smell, which could indicate that the infection has caused a permanent change in mice's brains.

Why does a parasite change a mouse's brain instead of making it sick like it does to humans The answer lies in evolution.

“It’s exciting scary to know how a parasite can manipulate a mouse's brain this way,"Ingram said. But she also finds it inspiring. "Typically if you have a bacterial infection, you go to a doctor and take antibiotics and the infection is cleared and you expect all the symptoms to also go away,” she said, but this study has proven that wrong. “This may have huge implications

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正确答案：B

本题解析：

寄生虫会对未出生的小孩造成致命性的伤害，故A排除；文章只表明这种感染对老鼠的大脑有永久性的改变，并没有提及人类，故C排除；寄生虫对人类有危害，但是并不能说明对老鼠没有危害，故D排除。文章最后一段指出，人们一旦受到细菌感染就希望吃抗生素来清除所有的感染，并希望所有的症状都能消失，但是这种想法是错误的，由此推断出B是正确的。

3 单选题 1分

It’s one of our common beliefs that mice are afraid of cats. Scientists have long known that even if a mouse has never seen a cat before, it is still able to detect chemical signals released from it and run away in fear. This has always been thought to be something that is hard-wired into a mouse’ s brain.

But now Wendy Ingram, a graduate student at the University of California, Berkeley, has challenged this common sense. She has found a way to “cure” mice of their inborn fear of cats by infecting them with a parasite, reported the science journal Nature.

The parasite, called Toxoplasma gondii, might sound unfamiliar to you, but the shocking fact is that up to one-third of people around the world are infected by it. This parasite can cause different diseases among humans, especially pregnant women—it is linked to blindness and the death of unborn babies.

However, the parasite’s effects on mice are unique. Ingram and her team measured how mice reacted to a cat's urine (尿) before and after it was infected by the parasite. They noted that normal mice stayed far away from the urine while mice that were infected with the parasite walked freely around the test area.

But that's not all. The parasite was found to be more powerful than originally thought—even after researchers cured the mice of the infection. They no longer reacted with fear to a cat's smell, which could indicate that the infection has caused a permanent change in mice's brains.

Why does a parasite change a mouse's brain instead of making it sick like it does to humans The answer lies in evolution.

“It’s exciting scary to know how a parasite can manipulate a mouse's brain this way,"Ingram said. But she also finds it inspiring. "Typically if you have a bacterial infection, you go to a doctor and take antibiotics and the infection is cleared and you expect all the symptoms to also go away,” she said, but this study has proven that wrong. “This may have huge implications

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正确答案：B

本题解析：

根据文章第四段“They noted that normal mice stayed far away from the urine while mice that were infected with the Darasite walked freelv amund the test area．"可知，受到寄生虫感染的老鼠能够自由随意地在测试区域周围走动，故选B。

4 单选题 1分

It’s one of our common beliefs that mice are afraid of cats. Scientists have long known that even if a mouse has never seen a cat before, it is still able to detect chemical signals released from it and run away in fear. This has always been thought to be something that is hard-wired into a mouse’ s brain.

But now Wendy Ingram, a graduate student at the University of California, Berkeley, has challenged this common sense. She has found a way to “cure” mice of their inborn fear of cats by infecting them with a parasite, reported the science journal Nature.

The parasite, called Toxoplasma gondii, might sound unfamiliar to you, but the shocking fact is that up to one-third of people around the world are infected by it. This parasite can cause different diseases among humans, especially pregnant women—it is linked to blindness and the death of unborn babies.

However, the parasite’s effects on mice are unique. Ingram and her team measured how mice reacted to a cat's urine (尿) before and after it was infected by the parasite. They noted that normal mice stayed far away from the urine while mice that were infected with the parasite walked freely around the test area.

But that's not all. The parasite was found to be more powerful than originally thought—even after researchers cured the mice of the infection. They no longer reacted with fear to a cat's smell, which could indicate that the infection has caused a permanent change in mice's brains.

Why does a parasite change a mouse's brain instead of making it sick like it does to humans The answer lies in evolution.

“It’s exciting scary to know how a parasite can manipulate a mouse's brain this way,"Ingram said. But she also finds it inspiring. "Typically if you have a bacterial infection, you go to a doctor and take antibiotics and the infection is cleared and you expect all the symptoms to also go away,” she said, but this study has proven that wrong. “This may have huge implications

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正确答案：A

本题解析：

文章第一段指出老鼠即使没有见过猫也是会害怕的，可推断出这是天生就刻在老鼠脑子里的一种行为。deeplv rooted“根深蒂固的”符合文章想要表达的意思，故选A。

5 单选题 1分

It’s one of our common beliefs that mice are afraid of cats. Scientists have long known that even if a mouse has never seen a cat before, it is still able to detect chemical signals released from it and run away in fear. This has always been thought to be something that is hard-wired into a mouse’ s brain.

But now Wendy Ingram, a graduate student at the University of California, Berkeley, has challenged this common sense. She has found a way to “cure” mice of their inborn fear of cats by infecting them with a parasite, reported the science journal Nature.

The parasite, called Toxoplasma gondii, might sound unfamiliar to you, but the shocking fact is that up to one-third of people around the world are infected by it. This parasite can cause different diseases among humans, especially pregnant women—it is linked to blindness and the death of unborn babies.

However, the parasite’s effects on mice are unique. Ingram and her team measured how mice reacted to a cat's urine (尿) before and after it was infected by the parasite. They noted that normal mice stayed far away from the urine while mice that were infected with the parasite walked freely around the test area.

But that's not all. The parasite was found to be more powerful than originally thought—even after researchers cured the mice of the infection. They no longer reacted with fear to a cat's smell, which could indicate that the infection has caused a permanent change in mice's brains.

Why does a parasite change a mouse's brain instead of making it sick like it does to humans The answer lies in evolution.

“It’s exciting scary to know how a parasite can manipulate a mouse's brain this way,"Ingram said. But she also finds it inspiring. "Typically if you have a bacterial infection, you go to a doctor and take antibiotics and the infection is cleared and you expect all the symptoms to also go away,” she said, but this study has proven that wrong. “This may have huge implications

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正确答案：C

本题解析：

根据文章第二段“She hasfound away to‘cure’mice of the irinbornfear of cats byinfecting them with a parasite。reported the science journal Nature．”可知，Berkeley发现了一种通过让老鼠感染寄生虫来改变它们天生害怕猫的方法。文章下面的内容也都是围绕这个新发现来阐述的，故选C。

6 单选题 1分

依据《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》，以考查学生综合语言运用能力为目标，力求科学地、全面地考查学生在经过一段时间学习后所具有的语言水平，称为__________ 。

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正确答案：A

本题解析：

考查教学论知识。总结性评价，也称终结性评价，通常在一门课程或教学活动(如一个单元、章节、科目或学期)结束后进行，是对一个完整的教学过程进行测定。故选A。

7 单选题 1分

依据《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》，模块考试结束后，教师要求学生根据考试结果进行反思，并想出解决办法。请问：该教师引导学生使用了__________ 学习策略。

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正确答案：B

本题解析：

考查英语课程与教学论知识。英语学习策略包括认知策略、调控策略、交际策略和资源策略等。“认知策略”是指学生为了完成具体学习任务而采取的步骤和方法；“调控策略”是指学生对学习进行计划、实施、反思、评价和调整的行动和步骤；“交际策略”是学生为了争取更多的交际机会、维持交际以及提高交际效果而采取的行动：“资源策略”是学生合理并有效利用多种媒体进行学习和运用英语的方式和方法。根据四种策略的含义可知题目中的学生运用了调控策略。故选B。

8 单选题 1分

控制信息的流程，监控和指导认知过程进行的策略指的是__________ ．

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正确答案：A

本题解析：

考查教学论知识。所谓元认知策略是指控制信息的流程，监控和指导认知过程进行的策略。元认知策略是利用认知过程中获得的知识,通过确立学习目标与计划，监控学习过程和评估学习结果等手段来调节语言行为。故选A。

9 单选题 1分

All the following works are written by Mark Twain except __________.

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正确答案：D

本题解析：

考查英美文学知识。四本书中，The GildedAge(《镀金时代》)，Life Onthe Mississippi(《在密西西比河上》)，RoughingIt(《艰苦岁月》)都是Mark Twain的代表作品。The Amer／can(《美国人》)是Henry James的代表作。故选D。

10 单选题 1分

__________ was a protest movement by American youth that arose in the late 1960s.

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正确答案：D

本题解析：

考查英美概况知识。Free Speech Movement“言论自由运动”是1964年的加州大学伯克利分校的伯克利言论自由运动：The Women’s Movement“女权运动”是20世纪六七十年代解放女性思想，帮助她们获得自由、取得普遍平等的社会地位的美国女权运动；Anti—War Movement“反战运动”是60年代美国国民因对和平的渴求而发起的一场运动：Counter Culture Movement“反正统文化运动”是美国青年们以自己独特的方式来反对传统文化的价值观念和道德观念存在着某种传承的运动。故选D。