2021下半年教师资格《初中英语学科知识与教学能力》押题密卷

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1 单选题 1分

请阅读Passage 2，完成小题。

Passage 2

Paper money is used every day but people do not often think of money as just paper.This is?because people agree that it has value,and paper money is supported by the government.

People have used paper money for only a few hundred years,but what did people do before?printed money was invented?In Medieval England,a stick was the official representation of money.The common system that was used involved counting debt on a piece of wood called a"tally stick".The tally stick was marked with a knife.Each mark,or tally,indicated an amount of money.The?tally stick acted as a contract.

No one really knows who invented the tally stick,but King Henry I of England is credited as?the first to use the stick in a widespread fashion.In England,the tally stick was used from?1100-1826.Marks were made on a tally stick to represent the amount of service or goods that were?exchanged.The tally stick was cut in half lengthwise into two parts,and one stick was longer than?the other.The person giving services or goods received the longer end of the stick,called the"stock",and the person paying for the service or goods received the shorter end.Once the stick was?cut,it could not be altered.When put together,the two halves fit perfectly together.

Medieval England was not the only country to use the tally stick system.In 1960,Belgian?scientist Jean de Heinzelin de Braucourt discovered an extremely old tally stick made of baboon?bone in Africa.At first,he determined the stick to be between about 8,000 to 10,000 years old.This?surprised many people because it proved that the tally stick system had been in use for much longer?than everyone had previously thought.Further research has shown that this stick is actually much?older:now,scientists believe it is 20,000 years old.

The tally stick system may no longer be in use today,but its influence is still apparent.People?still make contracts and people still borrow and lend money.Peop

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正确答案：C

本题解析：

细节题。短文第一段及最后都指出“Paper money is used every day”，即现在的流通货币是纸币。故选项C正确。根据最后一段中“The tally stick system mayno longerbe inuse today”可知选项B错误；A、D两项在文中没有提及。可排除，故选C。

2 单选题 1分

请阅读Passage 2，完成小题。

Passage 2

Paper money is used every day but people do not often think of money as just paper.This is?because people agree that it has value,and paper money is supported by the government.

People have used paper money for only a few hundred years,but what did people do before?printed money was invented?In Medieval England,a stick was the official representation of money.The common system that was used involved counting debt on a piece of wood called a"tally stick".The tally stick was marked with a knife.Each mark,or tally,indicated an amount of money.The?tally stick acted as a contract.

No one really knows who invented the tally stick,but King Henry I of England is credited as?the first to use the stick in a widespread fashion.In England,the tally stick was used from?1100-1826.Marks were made on a tally stick to represent the amount of service or goods that were?exchanged.The tally stick was cut in half lengthwise into two parts,and one stick was longer than?the other.The person giving services or goods received the longer end of the stick,called the"stock",and the person paying for the service or goods received the shorter end.Once the stick was?cut,it could not be altered.When put together,the two halves fit perfectly together.

Medieval England was not the only country to use the tally stick system.In 1960,Belgian?scientist Jean de Heinzelin de Braucourt discovered an extremely old tally stick made of baboon?bone in Africa.At first,he determined the stick to be between about 8,000 to 10,000 years old.This?surprised many people because it proved that the tally stick system had been in use for much longer?than everyone had previously thought.Further research has shown that this stick is actually much?older:now,scientists believe it is 20,000 years old.

The tally stick system may no longer be in use today,but its influence is still apparent.People?still make contracts and people still borrow and lend money.Peop

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正确答案：B

本题解析：

细节题。短文第四段中间指出“This surprised many people because it proved that the tally?stick system had been in use for much longer than everyone had previously thought．”即人们很惊讶。因为tally stick系统的使用时间比人们预想的要长得多。故选B。

3 单选题 1分

请阅读Passage 2，完成小题。

Passage 2

Paper money is used every day but people do not often think of money as just paper.This is?because people agree that it has value,and paper money is supported by the government.

People have used paper money for only a few hundred years,but what did people do before?printed money was invented?In Medieval England,a stick was the official representation of money.The common system that was used involved counting debt on a piece of wood called a"tally stick".The tally stick was marked with a knife.Each mark,or tally,indicated an amount of money.The?tally stick acted as a contract.

No one really knows who invented the tally stick,but King Henry I of England is credited as?the first to use the stick in a widespread fashion.In England,the tally stick was used from?1100-1826.Marks were made on a tally stick to represent the amount of service or goods that were?exchanged.The tally stick was cut in half lengthwise into two parts,and one stick was longer than?the other.The person giving services or goods received the longer end of the stick,called the"stock",and the person paying for the service or goods received the shorter end.Once the stick was?cut,it could not be altered.When put together,the two halves fit perfectly together.

Medieval England was not the only country to use the tally stick system.In 1960,Belgian?scientist Jean de Heinzelin de Braucourt discovered an extremely old tally stick made of baboon?bone in Africa.At first,he determined the stick to be between about 8,000 to 10,000 years old.This?surprised many people because it proved that the tally stick system had been in use for much longer?than everyone had previously thought.Further research has shown that this stick is actually much?older:now,scientists believe it is 20,000 years old.

The tally stick system may no longer be in use today,but its influence is still apparent.People?still make contracts and people still borrow and lend money.Peop

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正确答案：A

本题解析：

推断题。短文第三段主要讲诉tally stick在英国的具体使用情况，根据“Marks were made?on a tally stick to represent the amount of service or goods that were exchanged”可判断出选项A正确。

4 单选题 1分

请阅读Passage 2，完成小题。

Passage 2

Paper money is used every day but people do not often think of money as just paper.This is?because people agree that it has value,and paper money is supported by the government.

People have used paper money for only a few hundred years,but what did people do before?printed money was invented?In Medieval England,a stick was the official representation of money.The common system that was used involved counting debt on a piece of wood called a"tally stick".The tally stick was marked with a knife.Each mark,or tally,indicated an amount of money.The?tally stick acted as a contract.

No one really knows who invented the tally stick,but King Henry I of England is credited as?the first to use the stick in a widespread fashion.In England,the tally stick was used from?1100-1826.Marks were made on a tally stick to represent the amount of service or goods that were?exchanged.The tally stick was cut in half lengthwise into two parts,and one stick was longer than?the other.The person giving services or goods received the longer end of the stick,called the"stock",and the person paying for the service or goods received the shorter end.Once the stick was?cut,it could not be altered.When put together,the two halves fit perfectly together.

Medieval England was not the only country to use the tally stick system.In 1960,Belgian?scientist Jean de Heinzelin de Braucourt discovered an extremely old tally stick made of baboon?bone in Africa.At first,he determined the stick to be between about 8,000 to 10,000 years old.This?surprised many people because it proved that the tally stick system had been in use for much longer?than everyone had previously thought.Further research has shown that this stick is actually much?older:now,scientists believe it is 20,000 years old.

The tally stick system may no longer be in use today,but its influence is still apparent.People?still make contracts and people still borrow and lend money.Peop

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正确答案：A

本题解析：

细节题。根据短文第三段第一句“…King Henry I of?England is credited as the first to use?the stick in a widespread fashion”可知答案为A。

5 单选题 1分

请阅读Passage 2，完成小题。

Passage 2

Paper money is used every day but people do not often think of money as just paper.This is?because people agree that it has value,and paper money is supported by the government.

People have used paper money for only a few hundred years,but what did people do before?printed money was invented?In Medieval England,a stick was the official representation of money.The common system that was used involved counting debt on a piece of wood called a"tally stick".The tally stick was marked with a knife.Each mark,or tally,indicated an amount of money.The?tally stick acted as a contract.

No one really knows who invented the tally stick,but King Henry I of England is credited as?the first to use the stick in a widespread fashion.In England,the tally stick was used from?1100-1826.Marks were made on a tally stick to represent the amount of service or goods that were?exchanged.The tally stick was cut in half lengthwise into two parts,and one stick was longer than?the other.The person giving services or goods received the longer end of the stick,called the"stock",and the person paying for the service or goods received the shorter end.Once the stick was?cut,it could not be altered.When put together,the two halves fit perfectly together.

Medieval England was not the only country to use the tally stick system.In 1960,Belgian?scientist Jean de Heinzelin de Braucourt discovered an extremely old tally stick made of baboon?bone in Africa.At first,he determined the stick to be between about 8,000 to 10,000 years old.This?surprised many people because it proved that the tally stick system had been in use for much longer?than everyone had previously thought.Further research has shown that this stick is actually much?older:now,scientists believe it is 20,000 years old.

The tally stick system may no longer be in use today,but its influence is still apparent.People?still make contracts and people still borrow and lend money.Peop

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正确答案：D

本题解析：

细节题。短文第一段第二句指出“This is because people agree that it has value…”即经过人们一直认同，认为paper money有价值。故选D。

6 单选题 1分

请阅读Passage 2，完成小题。

Passage 2

For hundreds of millions of years,turtles have struggled out of the sea to lay their eggs on sandy?beaches,long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them,or GPS satellites and?marine biologists to track them,or volunteers to hand-carry the hatchlings down to the water′s edge?lest they become disoriented by headlights and crawl towards a motel parking lot instead．A?formidable wall of bureaucracy has been erected to protect their prime nesting on the Atlantic?coastlines．With all that attention paid to them,you′d think these creatures would at least have the?gratitude not to go extinct．

But Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness,and a report by the Fish and Wildlife?Service showed a worrisome drop in the populations of several species of North Atlantic turtles,notably loggerheads,which can grow to as much as 400 pounds．The South Florida nesting?population,the largest,has declined by 50%in the last decade,according to Elizabeth Griffin,a?marine biologist with the environmental group Oceana．The figures prompted Oceana to petition the?government to upgrade the level of protection for the North Atlantic loggerheads from"threatened"to"endangered"--meaning they are in danger of disappearing without additional help．

Which raises the obvious question:what else do these turtles want from us,anyway?．It turns?out,according to Griffin,that while we have done a good job of protecting the turtles for the weeks?they spend on land(as egg-laying females,as eggs and as hatchlings),we have neglected the years?they spend in the ocean．"The threat is from commercial fishing,"says Griffin．Trawlers(which drag?large nets through the water and along the ocean floor)and longline fishers(which can deploy?thousands of hooks on lines that can stretch for miles)take a heavy toll on turtles．

Of course,like every other environmental issue today,this is playing out against the?background of global warming and human

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正确答案：C

本题解析：

推断题。文章最后一句说“最终我们还要想办法解决这些问题，否则这种比恐龙还要长寿的生物将会在人类手中灭绝，让我们的后代困惑于怎么这种丑陋的生物会得到如此的钟爱”。这就是在呼吁人们想办法保护海龟。不要让海龟灭绝在人类手上。因此C项“号召采取有效措施确保海龟生存”正确。

7 单选题 1分

请阅读Passage 2，完成小题。

Passage 2

For hundreds of millions of years,turtles have struggled out of the sea to lay their eggs on sandy?beaches,long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them,or GPS satellites and?marine biologists to track them,or volunteers to hand-carry the hatchlings down to the water′s edge?lest they become disoriented by headlights and crawl towards a motel parking lot instead．A?formidable wall of bureaucracy has been erected to protect their prime nesting on the Atlantic?coastlines．With all that attention paid to them,you′d think these creatures would at least have the?gratitude not to go extinct．

But Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness,and a report by the Fish and Wildlife?Service showed a worrisome drop in the populations of several species of North Atlantic turtles,notably loggerheads,which can grow to as much as 400 pounds．The South Florida nesting?population,the largest,has declined by 50%in the last decade,according to Elizabeth Griffin,a?marine biologist with the environmental group Oceana．The figures prompted Oceana to petition the?government to upgrade the level of protection for the North Atlantic loggerheads from"threatened"to"endangered"--meaning they are in danger of disappearing without additional help．

Which raises the obvious question:what else do these turtles want from us,anyway?．It turns?out,according to Griffin,that while we have done a good job of protecting the turtles for the weeks?they spend on land(as egg-laying females,as eggs and as hatchlings),we have neglected the years?they spend in the ocean．"The threat is from commercial fishing,"says Griffin．Trawlers(which drag?large nets through the water and along the ocean floor)and longline fishers(which can deploy?thousands of hooks on lines that can stretch for miles)take a heavy toll on turtles．

Of course,like every other environmental issue today,this is playing out against the?background of global warming and human

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正确答案：A

本题解析：

细节题。根据最后一段中的"The narrow strips of beach on which the turtles lay their eggs?are being squeezed on one side by development and on the other by the threat ofrising sea levels as the oceans warm．”可知，全球变暖对海龟产卵的沙滩造成威胁，A项说法正确。B、C、D三项文中均没有提及。

8 单选题 1分

请阅读Passage 2，完成小题。

Passage 2

For hundreds of millions of years,turtles have struggled out of the sea to lay their eggs on sandy?beaches,long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them,or GPS satellites and?marine biologists to track them,or volunteers to hand-carry the hatchlings down to the water′s edge?lest they become disoriented by headlights and crawl towards a motel parking lot instead．A?formidable wall of bureaucracy has been erected to protect their prime nesting on the Atlantic?coastlines．With all that attention paid to them,you′d think these creatures would at least have the?gratitude not to go extinct．

But Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness,and a report by the Fish and Wildlife?Service showed a worrisome drop in the populations of several species of North Atlantic turtles,notably loggerheads,which can grow to as much as 400 pounds．The South Florida nesting?population,the largest,has declined by 50%in the last decade,according to Elizabeth Griffin,a?marine biologist with the environmental group Oceana．The figures prompted Oceana to petition the?government to upgrade the level of protection for the North Atlantic loggerheads from"threatened"to"endangered"--meaning they are in danger of disappearing without additional help．

Which raises the obvious question:what else do these turtles want from us,anyway?．It turns?out,according to Griffin,that while we have done a good job of protecting the turtles for the weeks?they spend on land(as egg-laying females,as eggs and as hatchlings),we have neglected the years?they spend in the ocean．"The threat is from commercial fishing,"says Griffin．Trawlers(which drag?large nets through the water and along the ocean floor)and longline fishers(which can deploy?thousands of hooks on lines that can stretch for miles)take a heavy toll on turtles．

Of course,like every other environmental issue today,this is playing out against the?background of global warming and human

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正确答案：B

本题解析：

细节题。根据第三段中的“The threat is from commercial fishing”可知，Griffin认为商业捕捞是主要威胁。A、C、D三项文中均没有提到。故选B。

9 单选题 1分

请阅读Passage 2，完成小题。

Passage 2

For hundreds of millions of years,turtles have struggled out of the sea to lay their eggs on sandy?beaches,long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them,or GPS satellites and?marine biologists to track them,or volunteers to hand-carry the hatchlings down to the water′s edge?lest they become disoriented by headlights and crawl towards a motel parking lot instead．A?formidable wall of bureaucracy has been erected to protect their prime nesting on the Atlantic?coastlines．With all that attention paid to them,you′d think these creatures would at least have the?gratitude not to go extinct．

But Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness,and a report by the Fish and Wildlife?Service showed a worrisome drop in the populations of several species of North Atlantic turtles,notably loggerheads,which can grow to as much as 400 pounds．The South Florida nesting?population,the largest,has declined by 50%in the last decade,according to Elizabeth Griffin,a?marine biologist with the environmental group Oceana．The figures prompted Oceana to petition the?government to upgrade the level of protection for the North Atlantic loggerheads from"threatened"to"endangered"--meaning they are in danger of disappearing without additional help．

Which raises the obvious question:what else do these turtles want from us,anyway?．It turns?out,according to Griffin,that while we have done a good job of protecting the turtles for the weeks?they spend on land(as egg-laying females,as eggs and as hatchlings),we have neglected the years?they spend in the ocean．"The threat is from commercial fishing,"says Griffin．Trawlers(which drag?large nets through the water and along the ocean floor)and longline fishers(which can deploy?thousands of hooks on lines that can stretch for miles)take a heavy toll on turtles．

Of course,like every other environmental issue today,this is playing out against the?background of global warming and human

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正确答案：D

本题解析：

推断题。“Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness”是第一段和第二段之间的转折句。第一段提到人们做出了很多努力，那海龟就不至于很快灭绝；但第二段提到海龟数量还是急速下降，所以这句话是指自然并没有朝人们预想的方向发展，D项说法正确。A项与文意相反；B、C两项文中并没有提及。

10 单选题 1分

请阅读Passage 2，完成小题。

Passage 2

For hundreds of millions of years,turtles have struggled out of the sea to lay their eggs on sandy?beaches,long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them,or GPS satellites and?marine biologists to track them,or volunteers to hand-carry the hatchlings down to the water′s edge?lest they become disoriented by headlights and crawl towards a motel parking lot instead．A?formidable wall of bureaucracy has been erected to protect their prime nesting on the Atlantic?coastlines．With all that attention paid to them,you′d think these creatures would at least have the?gratitude not to go extinct．

But Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness,and a report by the Fish and Wildlife?Service showed a worrisome drop in the populations of several species of North Atlantic turtles,notably loggerheads,which can grow to as much as 400 pounds．The South Florida nesting?population,the largest,has declined by 50%in the last decade,according to Elizabeth Griffin,a?marine biologist with the environmental group Oceana．The figures prompted Oceana to petition the?government to upgrade the level of protection for the North Atlantic loggerheads from"threatened"to"endangered"--meaning they are in danger of disappearing without additional help．

Which raises the obvious question:what else do these turtles want from us,anyway?．It turns?out,according to Griffin,that while we have done a good job of protecting the turtles for the weeks?they spend on land(as egg-laying females,as eggs and as hatchlings),we have neglected the years?they spend in the ocean．"The threat is from commercial fishing,"says Griffin．Trawlers(which drag?large nets through the water and along the ocean floor)and longline fishers(which can deploy?thousands of hooks on lines that can stretch for miles)take a heavy toll on turtles．

Of course,like every other environmental issue today,this is playing out against the?background of global warming and human

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正确答案：B

本题解析：

细节题。第一句提到了人们为保护海龟所做的种种努力，并且通过最后一句可以判断出．B项“已经为防止海龟灭绝做出了努力”为正确答案。A项“人类的行为改变了海龟的生存方式”和D项“海洋生物学家正在寻找海龟繁殖的秘密”，文中均没有提及。C项“政府的行政措施导致了海龟的灭绝”。与文意相反。