2021年教师资格证《英语学科知识与能力》（高级中学）点睛试

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1 单选题 1分

Passage 2

That experiences influence subsequent behavior is evidence of an obvious but nevertheless remarkable activity called remembering. Learning could not occur without the function popularly named memory. Constant practice has such an effect on memory as to lead to skillful performance on the piano, to recitation of a poem, and even to reading and understanding these words. So-called intelligent behavior demands memory, remembering being a primary requirement for reasoning. The ability to solve any problem or even to recognize that a problem exists depends on memory.

Typically, the decision to cross a street is based on remembering many earlier experiences.

Practice (or review) tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material.

Over a period of no practice what has been learned tends to be forgotten; and the adaptive consequences may not seem obvious. Yet, dramatic instances of sudden forgetting can be seen to be adaptive. In this sense, the ability to forget can be interpreted to have survived through a process of natural selection in animals. Indeed, when one's memory of an emotionally painful experience leads to serious anxiety, forgetting may produce relief. Nevertheless, an evolutionary interpretation might make it difficult to understand how the commonly gradual process of forgetting survived natural selection.

In thinking about the evolution of memory together with all its possible aspects, it is helpful to consider what would happen if memories failed to fade. Forgetting clearly aids orientation in time,since old memories weaken and the new tend to stand out, providing clues for inferring duration.

Without forgetting, adaptive ability would suffer, for example, learned behavior that might have been correct a decade ago may no longer be. Cases are recorded of people who(by ordinary standards) forgot so little that their everyday activities were full of confusion. This forgetting seems to serv

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正确答案：A

本题解析：

通读全文可知，全文都在谈论遗忘的作用及其重要性，故选A。

2 单选题 1分

Passage 2

That experiences influence subsequent behavior is evidence of an obvious but nevertheless remarkable activity called remembering. Learning could not occur without the function popularly named memory. Constant practice has such an effect on memory as to lead to skillful performance on the piano, to recitation of a poem, and even to reading and understanding these words. So-called intelligent behavior demands memory, remembering being a primary requirement for reasoning. The ability to solve any problem or even to recognize that a problem exists depends on memory.

Typically, the decision to cross a street is based on remembering many earlier experiences.

Practice (or review) tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material.

Over a period of no practice what has been learned tends to be forgotten; and the adaptive consequences may not seem obvious. Yet, dramatic instances of sudden forgetting can be seen to be adaptive. In this sense, the ability to forget can be interpreted to have survived through a process of natural selection in animals. Indeed, when one's memory of an emotionally painful experience leads to serious anxiety, forgetting may produce relief. Nevertheless, an evolutionary interpretation might make it difficult to understand how the commonly gradual process of forgetting survived natural selection.

In thinking about the evolution of memory together with all its possible aspects, it is helpful to consider what would happen if memories failed to fade. Forgetting clearly aids orientation in time,since old memories weaken and the new tend to stand out, providing clues for inferring duration.

Without forgetting, adaptive ability would suffer, for example, learned behavior that might have been correct a decade ago may no longer be. Cases are recorded of people who(by ordinary standards) forgot so little that their everyday activities were full of confusion. This forgetting seems to serv

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正确答案：B

本题解析：

本文通篇都在讨论遗忘对于人的适应机制的重要性，行文严谨，理论性很强，故选B。

3 单选题 1分

Passage 2

That experiences influence subsequent behavior is evidence of an obvious but nevertheless remarkable activity called remembering. Learning could not occur without the function popularly named memory. Constant practice has such an effect on memory as to lead to skillful performance on the piano, to recitation of a poem, and even to reading and understanding these words. So-called intelligent behavior demands memory, remembering being a primary requirement for reasoning. The ability to solve any problem or even to recognize that a problem exists depends on memory.

Typically, the decision to cross a street is based on remembering many earlier experiences.

Practice (or review) tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material.

Over a period of no practice what has been learned tends to be forgotten; and the adaptive consequences may not seem obvious. Yet, dramatic instances of sudden forgetting can be seen to be adaptive. In this sense, the ability to forget can be interpreted to have survived through a process of natural selection in animals. Indeed, when one's memory of an emotionally painful experience leads to serious anxiety, forgetting may produce relief. Nevertheless, an evolutionary interpretation might make it difficult to understand how the commonly gradual process of forgetting survived natural selection.

In thinking about the evolution of memory together with all its possible aspects, it is helpful to consider what would happen if memories failed to fade. Forgetting clearly aids orientation in time,since old memories weaken and the new tend to stand out, providing clues for inferring duration.

Without forgetting, adaptive ability would suffer, for example, learned behavior that might have been correct a decade ago may no longer be. Cases are recorded of people who(by ordinary standards) forgot so little that their everyday activities were full of confusion. This forgetting seems to serv

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正确答案：D

本题解析：

原文最后一段提到，研究表明记忆存储系统有限，而遗忘能力可对其进行灵活调节。在学习记忆(输入)与遗忘(输出)之间不断调节。事实证明，个人的遗忘率与他学习多少有直接关系。故选D。

4 单选题 1分

Passage 2

That experiences influence subsequent behavior is evidence of an obvious but nevertheless remarkable activity called remembering. Learning could not occur without the function popularly named memory. Constant practice has such an effect on memory as to lead to skillful performance on the piano, to recitation of a poem, and even to reading and understanding these words. So-called intelligent behavior demands memory, remembering being a primary requirement for reasoning. The ability to solve any problem or even to recognize that a problem exists depends on memory.

Typically, the decision to cross a street is based on remembering many earlier experiences.

Practice (or review) tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material.

Over a period of no practice what has been learned tends to be forgotten; and the adaptive consequences may not seem obvious. Yet, dramatic instances of sudden forgetting can be seen to be adaptive. In this sense, the ability to forget can be interpreted to have survived through a process of natural selection in animals. Indeed, when one's memory of an emotionally painful experience leads to serious anxiety, forgetting may produce relief. Nevertheless, an evolutionary interpretation might make it difficult to understand how the commonly gradual process of forgetting survived natural selection.

In thinking about the evolution of memory together with all its possible aspects, it is helpful to consider what would happen if memories failed to fade. Forgetting clearly aids orientation in time,since old memories weaken and the new tend to stand out, providing clues for inferring duration.

Without forgetting, adaptive ability would suffer, for example, learned behavior that might have been correct a decade ago may no longer be. Cases are recorded of people who(by ordinary standards) forgot so little that their everyday activities were full of confusion. This forgetting seems to serv

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正确答案：B

本题解析：

原文第三段表明，不遗忘的话，适应力就会变差。记录也显示不遗忘的人的生活是混乱的。故选B。

5 单选题 1分

Passage 2

That experiences influence subsequent behavior is evidence of an obvious but nevertheless remarkable activity called remembering. Learning could not occur without the function popularly named memory. Constant practice has such an effect on memory as to lead to skillful performance on the piano, to recitation of a poem, and even to reading and understanding these words. So-called intelligent behavior demands memory, remembering being a primary requirement for reasoning. The ability to solve any problem or even to recognize that a problem exists depends on memory.

Typically, the decision to cross a street is based on remembering many earlier experiences.

Practice (or review) tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material.

Over a period of no practice what has been learned tends to be forgotten; and the adaptive consequences may not seem obvious. Yet, dramatic instances of sudden forgetting can be seen to be adaptive. In this sense, the ability to forget can be interpreted to have survived through a process of natural selection in animals. Indeed, when one's memory of an emotionally painful experience leads to serious anxiety, forgetting may produce relief. Nevertheless, an evolutionary interpretation might make it difficult to understand how the commonly gradual process of forgetting survived natural selection.

In thinking about the evolution of memory together with all its possible aspects, it is helpful to consider what would happen if memories failed to fade. Forgetting clearly aids orientation in time,since old memories weaken and the new tend to stand out, providing clues for inferring duration.

Without forgetting, adaptive ability would suffer, for example, learned behavior that might have been correct a decade ago may no longer be. Cases are recorded of people who(by ordinary standards) forgot so little that their everyday activities were full of confusion. This forgetting seems to serv

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正确答案：A

本题解析：

原文第二段指出，如果一段时间内我们不对自己所学的进行练习，那么很快就会有所遗忘.在这种情况下适应性的后果也许不太明显。但是突发性失忆却会给适应性带来明显后果。故选A。

6 单选题 1分

Passage 1

A lyric is a subjective poem of intense personal emotion whose principal quality is its musical form. Poe, master of the lyric, was led to explain all poetry as the rhythmical creation of beauty in words. Because great poetry is often pure music, haunting melody, and chiming syllables, the reader should not glance through poetry as he read his newspaper or the latest magazine--skipping a word here and a line there, and still hope to get what the author had intended for him. Poetry being music, like all other forms of music, it gains its meaning when interpreted by the human voice.

It is the special function of lyrical poetry to give pleasure through this musical quality no less than through fine contemplation of beauty it inspires--beauty of thought, of feeling, of expression, and of technical skill. But poetry is more than a great pleasure. It should also be an outlet for our own unspoken thoughts and our varied moods. It makes articulate our choked-up passageways of speech, giving adequate expression to our pent-up loves and joys and glories, and furnishes release and relief to our fears, grieves and sorrows. A great poet takes our half-formed thoughts, or suppressed moods, our crushed desires, and needs, and leads them out into the open, endowing them with a harmony, and completeness ...

Great verse can help to vitalize our thinking about the commonplace and elemental in life, and can idealize and give meaning to the simplest things in creation. Listen to Tennyson:

Flower in the crannied wall,

I pluck you out of the crannies,

I hold you here, root and all, in my hand,

Little flower--but if I could understand,

What you are, root and all, and all in all,

I should know what God and man is.

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

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正确答案：B

本题解析：

根据“A lyric is a subjective poem of intense personal emotion whose principal quality is its musical form”可知.抒情诗并非是关于行为和故事的美丽诗歌，而是关于强烈个人情感的诗歌，可排除A，“it gains its meaning when interpreted by the human voice”当被人们解读的时候，它会增加自身的含义，可排除C，“great poetry is often pure music.haunting melody.and chiming syllables”可知并不是所有的诗歌都是和谐音节的纯粹音乐.排除D，故选B。

7 单选题 1分

Passage 1

A lyric is a subjective poem of intense personal emotion whose principal quality is its musical form. Poe, master of the lyric, was led to explain all poetry as the rhythmical creation of beauty in words. Because great poetry is often pure music, haunting melody, and chiming syllables, the reader should not glance through poetry as he read his newspaper or the latest magazine--skipping a word here and a line there, and still hope to get what the author had intended for him. Poetry being music, like all other forms of music, it gains its meaning when interpreted by the human voice.

It is the special function of lyrical poetry to give pleasure through this musical quality no less than through fine contemplation of beauty it inspires--beauty of thought, of feeling, of expression, and of technical skill. But poetry is more than a great pleasure. It should also be an outlet for our own unspoken thoughts and our varied moods. It makes articulate our choked-up passageways of speech, giving adequate expression to our pent-up loves and joys and glories, and furnishes release and relief to our fears, grieves and sorrows. A great poet takes our half-formed thoughts, or suppressed moods, our crushed desires, and needs, and leads them out into the open, endowing them with a harmony, and completeness ...

Great verse can help to vitalize our thinking about the commonplace and elemental in life, and can idealize and give meaning to the simplest things in creation. Listen to Tennyson:

Flower in the crannied wall,

I pluck you out of the crannies,

I hold you here, root and all, in my hand,

Little flower--but if I could understand,

What you are, root and all, and all in all,

I should know what God and man is.

It can be inferred from Tennyson's poem that__________.

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正确答案：C

本题解析：

根据“Great verse can help to vitalize our thinking about the commonplace and elemental in life。and can idealize and give meaning to the simplest things in creation."可知，读诗歌的用意是赞颂自然之美。故选C。

8 单选题 1分

Passage 1

A lyric is a subjective poem of intense personal emotion whose principal quality is its musical form. Poe, master of the lyric, was led to explain all poetry as the rhythmical creation of beauty in words. Because great poetry is often pure music, haunting melody, and chiming syllables, the reader should not glance through poetry as he read his newspaper or the latest magazine--skipping a word here and a line there, and still hope to get what the author had intended for him. Poetry being music, like all other forms of music, it gains its meaning when interpreted by the human voice.

It is the special function of lyrical poetry to give pleasure through this musical quality no less than through fine contemplation of beauty it inspires--beauty of thought, of feeling, of expression, and of technical skill. But poetry is more than a great pleasure. It should also be an outlet for our own unspoken thoughts and our varied moods. It makes articulate our choked-up passageways of speech, giving adequate expression to our pent-up loves and joys and glories, and furnishes release and relief to our fears, grieves and sorrows. A great poet takes our half-formed thoughts, or suppressed moods, our crushed desires, and needs, and leads them out into the open, endowing them with a harmony, and completeness ...

Great verse can help to vitalize our thinking about the commonplace and elemental in life, and can idealize and give meaning to the simplest things in creation. Listen to Tennyson:

Flower in the crannied wall,

I pluck you out of the crannies,

I hold you here, root and all, in my hand,

Little flower--but if I could understand,

What you are, root and all, and all in all,

I should know what God and man is.

According to the author, a great poet is one who__________.

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正确答案：C

本题解析：

根据原文“A great poet takes our half-formed thoughts，or suppressed moods，our crushed desires，and needs，and leads them out into the open，endowing them with a harmony，and completeness…”可知，C项正确。

9 单选题 1分

Passage 1

A lyric is a subjective poem of intense personal emotion whose principal quality is its musical form. Poe, master of the lyric, was led to explain all poetry as the rhythmical creation of beauty in words. Because great poetry is often pure music, haunting melody, and chiming syllables, the reader should not glance through poetry as he read his newspaper or the latest magazine--skipping a word here and a line there, and still hope to get what the author had intended for him. Poetry being music, like all other forms of music, it gains its meaning when interpreted by the human voice.

It is the special function of lyrical poetry to give pleasure through this musical quality no less than through fine contemplation of beauty it inspires--beauty of thought, of feeling, of expression, and of technical skill. But poetry is more than a great pleasure. It should also be an outlet for our own unspoken thoughts and our varied moods. It makes articulate our choked-up passageways of speech, giving adequate expression to our pent-up loves and joys and glories, and furnishes release and relief to our fears, grieves and sorrows. A great poet takes our half-formed thoughts, or suppressed moods, our crushed desires, and needs, and leads them out into the open, endowing them with a harmony, and completeness ...

Great verse can help to vitalize our thinking about the commonplace and elemental in life, and can idealize and give meaning to the simplest things in creation. Listen to Tennyson:

Flower in the crannied wall,

I pluck you out of the crannies,

I hold you here, root and all, in my hand,

Little flower--but if I could understand,

What you are, root and all, and all in all,

I should know what God and man is.

What does the underlined word "articulate" in Para. 2 probably mean?

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正确答案：A

本题解析：

根据原文“But poetry is more than a great pleasure.It should also be an outlet for our own unspoken thoughts and our varied moods.It makes articulate our choked-up passageways of speech…”可知.诗歌可以释放我们内心说不出的想法和各种情感.让我们原本阻塞的语言变得清晰明了。此处articulate意为“清晰的”.故选A。

10 单选题 1分

Passage 1

A lyric is a subjective poem of intense personal emotion whose principal quality is its musical form. Poe, master of the lyric, was led to explain all poetry as the rhythmical creation of beauty in words. Because great poetry is often pure music, haunting melody, and chiming syllables, the reader should not glance through poetry as he read his newspaper or the latest magazine--skipping a word here and a line there, and still hope to get what the author had intended for him. Poetry being music, like all other forms of music, it gains its meaning when interpreted by the human voice.

It is the special function of lyrical poetry to give pleasure through this musical quality no less than through fine contemplation of beauty it inspires--beauty of thought, of feeling, of expression, and of technical skill. But poetry is more than a great pleasure. It should also be an outlet for our own unspoken thoughts and our varied moods. It makes articulate our choked-up passageways of speech, giving adequate expression to our pent-up loves and joys and glories, and furnishes release and relief to our fears, grieves and sorrows. A great poet takes our half-formed thoughts, or suppressed moods, our crushed desires, and needs, and leads them out into the open, endowing them with a harmony, and completeness ...

Great verse can help to vitalize our thinking about the commonplace and elemental in life, and can idealize and give meaning to the simplest things in creation. Listen to Tennyson:

Flower in the crannied wall,

I pluck you out of the crannies,

I hold you here, root and all, in my hand,

Little flower--but if I could understand,

What you are, root and all, and all in all,

I should know what God and man is.

What isthe passage mainly about?

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正确答案：C

本题解析：

通读全文可知，文章通篇都在谈论抒情诗，故选C。