2021年教师资格证《英语学科知识与能力》（高级中学）点睛试

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1 单选题 1分

请阅读Passage 2。完成第小题。

Passage 2

In the 1962 movie Lawrence of Arabia, one scene shows an American newspaper reporter

eagerly snapping photos of men looting a sabotaged train. One of the looters, Chief Auda abu Tayi of the I-Ioweitat clan, suddenly notices the camera and snatches it."Am I in this?" he asks, before smashing it open. To the dismayed reporter, Lawrence explains,"He thinks these things will steal his virtue. He thinks you're a kind of thief."

As soon as colonizers and explorers began taking cameras into distant lands, stories began circulating about how indigenous peoples saw them as tools for black magic. The "ignorant natives" may have had a point. When photography first became available, scientists welcomed it as a more objective way of recording faraway societies than early travelers' exaggerated accounts. But in some ways, anthropological photographs reveal more about the cu|ture that holds the camera than the one that stares back. Up into the 1950s and 1960s, many ethnographers sought"pure" pictures of"primitive" cultures, routinely deleting modern accoutrements such as clocks and Western dress.

They paid men and women to re-enact rituals or to pose as members of war or hunting parties, often with little regard for veracity. Edward Curtis, the legendary photographer of North American Indians, for example, got one Makah man to pose as a whaler with a spear in 1915--even though the Makah had not hunted whales in a generation.

These photographs reinforced widely accepted stereotypes that indigenous cultures were isolated, primitive, and unchanging. For instance, National Geographic magazine's photographs have taught millions of Americans about other cultures. As Catherine Lutz and Jane Collins point out in their 1993 book Reading National Geographic, the magazine since its founding in 1888 has kept a tradition of presenting beautiful photos that don't challenge white, middle-class American conventions. While dark-s

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正确答案：C

本题解析：

@jin

2 单选题 1分

请阅读Passage 2。完成第小题。

Passage 2

In the 1962 movie Lawrence of Arabia, one scene shows an American newspaper reporter

eagerly snapping photos of men looting a sabotaged train. One of the looters, Chief Auda abu Tayi of the I-Ioweitat clan, suddenly notices the camera and snatches it."Am I in this?" he asks, before smashing it open. To the dismayed reporter, Lawrence explains,"He thinks these things will steal his virtue. He thinks you're a kind of thief."

As soon as colonizers and explorers began taking cameras into distant lands, stories began circulating about how indigenous peoples saw them as tools for black magic. The "ignorant natives" may have had a point. When photography first became available, scientists welcomed it as a more objective way of recording faraway societies than early travelers' exaggerated accounts. But in some ways, anthropological photographs reveal more about the cu|ture that holds the camera than the one that stares back. Up into the 1950s and 1960s, many ethnographers sought"pure" pictures of"primitive" cultures, routinely deleting modern accoutrements such as clocks and Western dress.

They paid men and women to re-enact rituals or to pose as members of war or hunting parties, often with little regard for veracity. Edward Curtis, the legendary photographer of North American Indians, for example, got one Makah man to pose as a whaler with a spear in 1915--even though the Makah had not hunted whales in a generation.

These photographs reinforced widely accepted stereotypes that indigenous cultures were isolated, primitive, and unchanging. For instance, National Geographic magazine's photographs have taught millions of Americans about other cultures. As Catherine Lutz and Jane Collins point out in their 1993 book Reading National Geographic, the magazine since its founding in 1888 has kept a tradition of presenting beautiful photos that don't challenge white, middle-class American conventions. While dark-s

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正确答案：A

本题解析：

本句意为“但是，在某些方面，人类学家拍摄的照片展现的与其说是那个盯着照相机的 (被拍摄的)文化，不如说是拿着照相机的(西方)文化”。作者暗示，照片反映了西方摄影者的偏见和对落后文化固有的看法，反映的是西方的价值观．并不是完全真实客观的那些不发达社会的写照。

3 单选题 1分

请阅读Passage 2。完成第小题。

Passage 2

In the 1962 movie Lawrence of Arabia, one scene shows an American newspaper reporter

eagerly snapping photos of men looting a sabotaged train. One of the looters, Chief Auda abu Tayi of the I-Ioweitat clan, suddenly notices the camera and snatches it."Am I in this?" he asks, before smashing it open. To the dismayed reporter, Lawrence explains,"He thinks these things will steal his virtue. He thinks you're a kind of thief."

As soon as colonizers and explorers began taking cameras into distant lands, stories began circulating about how indigenous peoples saw them as tools for black magic. The "ignorant natives" may have had a point. When photography first became available, scientists welcomed it as a more objective way of recording faraway societies than early travelers' exaggerated accounts. But in some ways, anthropological photographs reveal more about the cu|ture that holds the camera than the one that stares back. Up into the 1950s and 1960s, many ethnographers sought"pure" pictures of"primitive" cultures, routinely deleting modern accoutrements such as clocks and Western dress.

They paid men and women to re-enact rituals or to pose as members of war or hunting parties, often with little regard for veracity. Edward Curtis, the legendary photographer of North American Indians, for example, got one Makah man to pose as a whaler with a spear in 1915--even though the Makah had not hunted whales in a generation.

These photographs reinforced widely accepted stereotypes that indigenous cultures were isolated, primitive, and unchanging. For instance, National Geographic magazine's photographs have taught millions of Americans about other cultures. As Catherine Lutz and Jane Collins point out in their 1993 book Reading National Geographic, the magazine since its founding in 1888 has kept a tradition of presenting beautiful photos that don't challenge white, middle-class American conventions. While dark-s

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正确答案：B

本题解析：

文章的第一段介绍的是电影《阿拉伯的劳伦斯》中的一个片段。作者通过电影中的场景来说明原始社会里的人们对现代的文明和从没见过的现代文明的产物容易产生误解。电影中的土著抢走了劳伦斯的照相机。因为他怀疑，那从未见过的玩意儿会偷走他的美好品德。

4 单选题 1分

请阅读Passage 2。完成第小题。

Passage 2

In the 1962 movie Lawrence of Arabia, one scene shows an American newspaper reporter

eagerly snapping photos of men looting a sabotaged train. One of the looters, Chief Auda abu Tayi of the I-Ioweitat clan, suddenly notices the camera and snatches it."Am I in this?" he asks, before smashing it open. To the dismayed reporter, Lawrence explains,"He thinks these things will steal his virtue. He thinks you're a kind of thief."

As soon as colonizers and explorers began taking cameras into distant lands, stories began circulating about how indigenous peoples saw them as tools for black magic. The "ignorant natives" may have had a point. When photography first became available, scientists welcomed it as a more objective way of recording faraway societies than early travelers' exaggerated accounts. But in some ways, anthropological photographs reveal more about the cu|ture that holds the camera than the one that stares back. Up into the 1950s and 1960s, many ethnographers sought"pure" pictures of"primitive" cultures, routinely deleting modern accoutrements such as clocks and Western dress.

They paid men and women to re-enact rituals or to pose as members of war or hunting parties, often with little regard for veracity. Edward Curtis, the legendary photographer of North American Indians, for example, got one Makah man to pose as a whaler with a spear in 1915--even though the Makah had not hunted whales in a generation.

These photographs reinforced widely accepted stereotypes that indigenous cultures were isolated, primitive, and unchanging. For instance, National Geographic magazine's photographs have taught millions of Americans about other cultures. As Catherine Lutz and Jane Collins point out in their 1993 book Reading National Geographic, the magazine since its founding in 1888 has kept a tradition of presenting beautiful photos that don't challenge white, middle-class American conventions. While dark-s

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正确答案：B

本题解析：

根据文章第二段“When photography first became available，scientists welcomed it as a more objective way of recording faraway societies than early travelers’exaggerated accounts．"可知早期到原始社会旅行的人往往对当地的情况夸大其词。在照相机发明之后，科学家能更好地客观地反映那些远方地区的真实情况。

5 单选题 1分

请阅读Passage 2。完成第小题。

Passage 2

In the 1962 movie Lawrence of Arabia, one scene shows an American newspaper reporter

eagerly snapping photos of men looting a sabotaged train. One of the looters, Chief Auda abu Tayi of the I-Ioweitat clan, suddenly notices the camera and snatches it."Am I in this?" he asks, before smashing it open. To the dismayed reporter, Lawrence explains,"He thinks these things will steal his virtue. He thinks you're a kind of thief."

As soon as colonizers and explorers began taking cameras into distant lands, stories began circulating about how indigenous peoples saw them as tools for black magic. The "ignorant natives" may have had a point. When photography first became available, scientists welcomed it as a more objective way of recording faraway societies than early travelers' exaggerated accounts. But in some ways, anthropological photographs reveal more about the cu|ture that holds the camera than the one that stares back. Up into the 1950s and 1960s, many ethnographers sought"pure" pictures of"primitive" cultures, routinely deleting modern accoutrements such as clocks and Western dress.

They paid men and women to re-enact rituals or to pose as members of war or hunting parties, often with little regard for veracity. Edward Curtis, the legendary photographer of North American Indians, for example, got one Makah man to pose as a whaler with a spear in 1915--even though the Makah had not hunted whales in a generation.

These photographs reinforced widely accepted stereotypes that indigenous cultures were isolated, primitive, and unchanging. For instance, National Geographic magazine's photographs have taught millions of Americans about other cultures. As Catherine Lutz and Jane Collins point out in their 1993 book Reading National Geographic, the magazine since its founding in 1888 has kept a tradition of presenting beautiful photos that don't challenge white, middle-class American conventions. While dark-s

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正确答案：A

本题解析：

本文的主题：西方媒体为了迎合西方读者猎奇的心理，同时为了不与西方读者的中产阶级价值观发生冲突，在他们拍摄的照片中，并不真正客观公正地反映经济发展水平较落后的社会中人们的生活。他们经常有意删除照片中反映西方文明烙印的成分，甚至摆布照片中的主人公，以描绘出一个西方读者想象中的、经济不发达的、有异域风情的、没有痛苦和阶级斗争的经济落后社会的画面。他们甚至避免刊登那些反映饥荒、战争、灾害的照片，以满足西方媒体“只刊登外国社会美好一面的照片”的默契。

6 单选题 1分

Passage 1

A concept car developed by Japanese company Nissan has a breathalyzer-like detection system and other instruments that could help keep drunk or over tired drivers off the road.

The car's sensors check odors inside the car and monitor a driver's sweat for traces of alcohol. An in-car computer system can issue an alert or even lock up the ignition system if the driver seems over-the-limit. The air odor sensors are fixed' firmly and deeply in the driver and passenger seats, while a detector in the gear-shift knob measures perspiration from the driver's palm.

Other carmakers have developed similar detection systems. For example, Sweden's Volvo has developed a breathalyzer attached to a car's seat belt that drivers must blow into before the engine will start.

Nissan's new concept vehicle also includes a dashboard-mounted camera that tracks a driver's alertness by monitoring their eyes. It will sound an alarm and issue a spoken warning in Japanese or English if it judges that the driver needs to pull over and rest.

The car technology is still in development, but general manager Kazuhiro Doi says the combination of different detection systems should improve the overall effectiveness of the technology."For example, if the gear-shift sensor was bypassed by a passenger using it instead of the driver, the facial recognition system would still be used," Doi says. Nissan has no specific timetable for marketing the system, but aims to use technology to cut the number of fatalities involving its vehicles to half 1995 levels by 2015.

The car's seat belt can also tighten if drowsiness is detected, while an external camera checks that the car is keeping to its lane properly. However, Doi admits that some of the technology, such as the alcohol odor sensor, should be improved. "If you drink one beer, it's going to register, so we need to study what's the appropriate level for the system to activate," he says.

Which of the following

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正确答案：B

本题解析：

选项A、C、D在第六段都能找到，但是却找不到选项B所表达的意思。

7 单选题 1分

Passage 1

A concept car developed by Japanese company Nissan has a breathalyzer-like detection system and other instruments that could help keep drunk or over tired drivers off the road.

The car's sensors check odors inside the car and monitor a driver's sweat for traces of alcohol. An in-car computer system can issue an alert or even lock up the ignition system if the driver seems over-the-limit. The air odor sensors are fixed' firmly and deeply in the driver and passenger seats, while a detector in the gear-shift knob measures perspiration from the driver's palm.

Other carmakers have developed similar detection systems. For example, Sweden's Volvo has developed a breathalyzer attached to a car's seat belt that drivers must blow into before the engine will start.

Nissan's new concept vehicle also includes a dashboard-mounted camera that tracks a driver's alertness by monitoring their eyes. It will sound an alarm and issue a spoken warning in Japanese or English if it judges that the driver needs to pull over and rest.

The car technology is still in development, but general manager Kazuhiro Doi says the combination of different detection systems should improve the overall effectiveness of the technology."For example, if the gear-shift sensor was bypassed by a passenger using it instead of the driver, the facial recognition system would still be used," Doi says. Nissan has no specific timetable for marketing the system, but aims to use technology to cut the number of fatalities involving its vehicles to half 1995 levels by 2015.

The car's seat belt can also tighten if drowsiness is detected, while an external camera checks that the car is keeping to its lane properly. However, Doi admits that some of the technology, such as the alcohol odor sensor, should be improved. "If you drink one beer, it's going to register, so we need to study what's the appropriate level for the system to activate," he says.

According to Doi,_____

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正确答案：D

本题解析：

第五段说，这种监测技术仍然在发展之中，使用不同的监测系统应能改进这项技术的整体有效性，所以A、C都不正确。该段的最后一句说，日产公司并不准备将这种监测系统推向市场，但它的目标是使用这种技术到2015年将日产车的事故率减少到l995年的一半，所以B也不正确。只有D表达了Doi的意思。

8 单选题 1分

Passage 1

A concept car developed by Japanese company Nissan has a breathalyzer-like detection system and other instruments that could help keep drunk or over tired drivers off the road.

The car's sensors check odors inside the car and monitor a driver's sweat for traces of alcohol. An in-car computer system can issue an alert or even lock up the ignition system if the driver seems over-the-limit. The air odor sensors are fixed' firmly and deeply in the driver and passenger seats, while a detector in the gear-shift knob measures perspiration from the driver's palm.

Other carmakers have developed similar detection systems. For example, Sweden's Volvo has developed a breathalyzer attached to a car's seat belt that drivers must blow into before the engine will start.

Nissan's new concept vehicle also includes a dashboard-mounted camera that tracks a driver's alertness by monitoring their eyes. It will sound an alarm and issue a spoken warning in Japanese or English if it judges that the driver needs to pull over and rest.

The car technology is still in development, but general manager Kazuhiro Doi says the combination of different detection systems should improve the overall effectiveness of the technology."For example, if the gear-shift sensor was bypassed by a passenger using it instead of the driver, the facial recognition system would still be used," Doi says. Nissan has no specific timetable for marketing the system, but aims to use technology to cut the number of fatalities involving its vehicles to half 1995 levels by 2015.

The car's seat belt can also tighten if drowsiness is detected, while an external camera checks that the car is keeping to its lane properly. However, Doi admits that some of the technology, such as the alcohol odor sensor, should be improved. "If you drink one beer, it's going to register, so we need to study what's the appropriate level for the system to activate," he says.

What is the function o

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正确答案：A

本题解析：

第四段描写了安装在概念车仪表板上的照相机的功能。相机跟踪司机眼睛的活动从而监测司机是否保持清醒状态。如果发现司机需要停车休息，便用英语或日语发出警告。所以除A以外，其他选项都不正确。

9 单选题 1分

Passage 1

A concept car developed by Japanese company Nissan has a breathalyzer-like detection system and other instruments that could help keep drunk or over tired drivers off the road.

The car's sensors check odors inside the car and monitor a driver's sweat for traces of alcohol. An in-car computer system can issue an alert or even lock up the ignition system if the driver seems over-the-limit. The air odor sensors are fixed' firmly and deeply in the driver and passenger seats, while a detector in the gear-shift knob measures perspiration from the driver's palm.

Other carmakers have developed similar detection systems. For example, Sweden's Volvo has developed a breathalyzer attached to a car's seat belt that drivers must blow into before the engine will start.

Nissan's new concept vehicle also includes a dashboard-mounted camera that tracks a driver's alertness by monitoring their eyes. It will sound an alarm and issue a spoken warning in Japanese or English if it judges that the driver needs to pull over and rest.

The car technology is still in development, but general manager Kazuhiro Doi says the combination of different detection systems should improve the overall effectiveness of the technology."For example, if the gear-shift sensor was bypassed by a passenger using it instead of the driver, the facial recognition system would still be used," Doi says. Nissan has no specific timetable for marketing the system, but aims to use technology to cut the number of fatalities involving its vehicles to half 1995 levels by 2015.

The car's seat belt can also tighten if drowsiness is detected, while an external camera checks that the car is keeping to its lane properly. However, Doi admits that some of the technology, such as the alcohol odor sensor, should be improved. "If you drink one beer, it's going to register, so we need to study what's the appropriate level for the system to activate," he says.

What has Volvo develop

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正确答案：B

本题解析：

第三段告诉我们，沃尔沃公司也发明了一种类似的酒精检测装置，安装在保险带上。所以B是正确选项。

10 单选题 1分

Passage 1

A concept car developed by Japanese company Nissan has a breathalyzer-like detection system and other instruments that could help keep drunk or over tired drivers off the road.

The car's sensors check odors inside the car and monitor a driver's sweat for traces of alcohol. An in-car computer system can issue an alert or even lock up the ignition system if the driver seems over-the-limit. The air odor sensors are fixed' firmly and deeply in the driver and passenger seats, while a detector in the gear-shift knob measures perspiration from the driver's palm.

Other carmakers have developed similar detection systems. For example, Sweden's Volvo has developed a breathalyzer attached to a car's seat belt that drivers must blow into before the engine will start.

Nissan's new concept vehicle also includes a dashboard-mounted camera that tracks a driver's alertness by monitoring their eyes. It will sound an alarm and issue a spoken warning in Japanese or English if it judges that the driver needs to pull over and rest.

The car technology is still in development, but general manager Kazuhiro Doi says the combination of different detection systems should improve the overall effectiveness of the technology."For example, if the gear-shift sensor was bypassed by a passenger using it instead of the driver, the facial recognition system would still be used," Doi says. Nissan has no specific timetable for marketing the system, but aims to use technology to cut the number of fatalities involving its vehicles to half 1995 levels by 2015.

The car's seat belt can also tighten if drowsiness is detected, while an external camera checks that the car is keeping to its lane properly. However, Doi admits that some of the technology, such as the alcohol odor sensor, should be improved. "If you drink one beer, it's going to register, so we need to study what's the appropriate level for the system to activate," he says.

In the UK, some resear

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正确答案：C

本题解析：

选项A、B、D所述内容都可在短文的第一、二段中找到。第二段最后一个句子告诉我们，传感器装在司机和乘客的座椅里．而不是在点火系统里，所以选C。