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发布时间： 2021-09-29 15:05
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请阅读Passage 2，完成第小题。
Passage 2
Among China's greatest art treasures are the Buddhist caves near Dunhuang. Their ancient frescoes and sculptures have survived wars, environmental damage, antiquities hunters, and the chaotic Cultural Revolution.
Today domestic tourism is the biggest threat: the UNESCO World Heritage site has an optimal capacity of 3,000 per day, but peak times can see twice that many visitors.
The Mogao Grottoes are especially vulnerable to mass tourism. Their ecosystems are fragile. A buildup of humidity and carbon dioxide from visitors' breath can lead to flaking and discoloration of wall paintings.
To preserve the caves, the Dunhuang Academy is pioneering a project to digitize the site.
Recently, the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery in Washington, D.C., offered a tantalizing glimpse at the undertaking. Donning 3-D glasses, visitors were transported into a breathtaking "virtual" Dunhuang grotto, known as Cave 220. The 3-D, interactive experience is flooded with vivid color, close-up details, moving images of flying bodhisattvas, even sound, "Dunhuang ranks as the single most important repository of early Chinese art. Here the great cultures of the World--Greek and Roman,Persian and Middle Eastern, Indian and Chinese--constantly interacted for over a millennium,"said Mimi Gates, who formed the Dunhuang Foundation. "High-resolution digitization will provide a lasting record of this artistic treasure for all mankind and can make it accessible beyond China."
A dozen years ago, the Dunhuang Academy began cooperating with foregoing institutions to conserve the treasures. Among the projects, one used a camera to create a digital archive of the caves. The results will be used in the academy which planned ＄40 million state-of-the-art visitor center which will present virtual tour of the caves to save the real site wear and tear. The scope of the project is daunting. It requires 20 minutes or so to record a 9-square-meter
本题解析：
本文主要介绍了一种可以保护敦煌石窟不受参观者数量增加而被损坏的方式．通过这种方式可以构造一个虚拟的敦煌石窟世界供游客参观。故选D。
请阅读Passage 2，完成第小题。
Passage 2
Among China's greatest art treasures are the Buddhist caves near Dunhuang. Their ancient frescoes and sculptures have survived wars, environmental damage, antiquities hunters, and the chaotic Cultural Revolution.
Today domestic tourism is the biggest threat: the UNESCO World Heritage site has an optimal capacity of 3,000 per day, but peak times can see twice that many visitors.
The Mogao Grottoes are especially vulnerable to mass tourism. Their ecosystems are fragile. A buildup of humidity and carbon dioxide from visitors' breath can lead to flaking and discoloration of wall paintings.
To preserve the caves, the Dunhuang Academy is pioneering a project to digitize the site.
Recently, the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery in Washington, D.C., offered a tantalizing glimpse at the undertaking. Donning 3-D glasses, visitors were transported into a breathtaking "virtual" Dunhuang grotto, known as Cave 220. The 3-D, interactive experience is flooded with vivid color, close-up details, moving images of flying bodhisattvas, even sound, "Dunhuang ranks as the single most important repository of early Chinese art. Here the great cultures of the World--Greek and Roman,Persian and Middle Eastern, Indian and Chinese--constantly interacted for over a millennium,"said Mimi Gates, who formed the Dunhuang Foundation. "High-resolution digitization will provide a lasting record of this artistic treasure for all mankind and can make it accessible beyond China."
A dozen years ago, the Dunhuang Academy began cooperating with foregoing institutions to conserve the treasures. Among the projects, one used a camera to create a digital archive of the caves. The results will be used in the academy which planned ＄40 million state-of-the-art visitor center which will present virtual tour of the caves to save the real site wear and tear. The scope of the project is daunting. It requires 20 minutes or so to record a 9-square-meter
本题解析：
根据该词daunting后面一句，这个项目花费巨大，并且技术要求很高(20分钟左右就要记录9平方米的壁画)，范围较大(共有492处洞穴绘有壁画)，可以分析出这个项目是令人生畏的。intimidating“吓人的”，与画线词意思最贴近．故选B。
请阅读Passage 2，完成第小题。
Passage 2
Among China's greatest art treasures are the Buddhist caves near Dunhuang. Their ancient frescoes and sculptures have survived wars, environmental damage, antiquities hunters, and the chaotic Cultural Revolution.
Today domestic tourism is the biggest threat: the UNESCO World Heritage site has an optimal capacity of 3,000 per day, but peak times can see twice that many visitors.
The Mogao Grottoes are especially vulnerable to mass tourism. Their ecosystems are fragile. A buildup of humidity and carbon dioxide from visitors' breath can lead to flaking and discoloration of wall paintings.
To preserve the caves, the Dunhuang Academy is pioneering a project to digitize the site.
Recently, the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery in Washington, D.C., offered a tantalizing glimpse at the undertaking. Donning 3-D glasses, visitors were transported into a breathtaking "virtual" Dunhuang grotto, known as Cave 220. The 3-D, interactive experience is flooded with vivid color, close-up details, moving images of flying bodhisattvas, even sound, "Dunhuang ranks as the single most important repository of early Chinese art. Here the great cultures of the World--Greek and Roman,Persian and Middle Eastern, Indian and Chinese--constantly interacted for over a millennium,"said Mimi Gates, who formed the Dunhuang Foundation. "High-resolution digitization will provide a lasting record of this artistic treasure for all mankind and can make it accessible beyond China."
A dozen years ago, the Dunhuang Academy began cooperating with foregoing institutions to conserve the treasures. Among the projects, one used a camera to create a digital archive of the caves. The results will be used in the academy which planned ＄40 million state-of-the-art visitor center which will present virtual tour of the caves to save the real site wear and tear. The scope of the project is daunting. It requires 20 minutes or so to record a 9-square-meter
本题解析：
本段讲3D技术营造了一个虚拟的敦煌世界，游客可以进行体验。敦煌石窟是中国早期艺术品的宝库，而高分辨率的数字化将为敦煌石窟提供一个长久的记录。此处this artistic treasure指代的就是敦煌石窟．故选A。
请阅读Passage 2，完成第小题。
Passage 2
Among China's greatest art treasures are the Buddhist caves near Dunhuang. Their ancient frescoes and sculptures have survived wars, environmental damage, antiquities hunters, and the chaotic Cultural Revolution.
Today domestic tourism is the biggest threat: the UNESCO World Heritage site has an optimal capacity of 3,000 per day, but peak times can see twice that many visitors.
The Mogao Grottoes are especially vulnerable to mass tourism. Their ecosystems are fragile. A buildup of humidity and carbon dioxide from visitors' breath can lead to flaking and discoloration of wall paintings.
To preserve the caves, the Dunhuang Academy is pioneering a project to digitize the site.
Recently, the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery in Washington, D.C., offered a tantalizing glimpse at the undertaking. Donning 3-D glasses, visitors were transported into a breathtaking "virtual" Dunhuang grotto, known as Cave 220. The 3-D, interactive experience is flooded with vivid color, close-up details, moving images of flying bodhisattvas, even sound, "Dunhuang ranks as the single most important repository of early Chinese art. Here the great cultures of the World--Greek and Roman,Persian and Middle Eastern, Indian and Chinese--constantly interacted for over a millennium,"said Mimi Gates, who formed the Dunhuang Foundation. "High-resolution digitization will provide a lasting record of this artistic treasure for all mankind and can make it accessible beyond China."
A dozen years ago, the Dunhuang Academy began cooperating with foregoing institutions to conserve the treasures. Among the projects, one used a camera to create a digital archive of the caves. The results will be used in the academy which planned ＄40 million state-of-the-art visitor center which will present virtual tour of the caves to save the real site wear and tear. The scope of the project is daunting. It requires 20 minutes or so to record a 9-square-meter
本题解析：
根据文章第四段第三、四句可知，戴上3D眼镜，可以到达一个虚拟的敦煌石窟世界，这个虚拟的世界充满生动的色彩、细节特写、移动的菩萨图像和声音。因为3D效果产生的是虚拟的石窟世界，所以“与宝物的真实接触”是参观者不能体验到的．故选C。
请阅读Passage 2，完成第小题。
Passage 2
Among China's greatest art treasures are the Buddhist caves near Dunhuang. Their ancient frescoes and sculptures have survived wars, environmental damage, antiquities hunters, and the chaotic Cultural Revolution.
Today domestic tourism is the biggest threat: the UNESCO World Heritage site has an optimal capacity of 3,000 per day, but peak times can see twice that many visitors.
The Mogao Grottoes are especially vulnerable to mass tourism. Their ecosystems are fragile. A buildup of humidity and carbon dioxide from visitors' breath can lead to flaking and discoloration of wall paintings.
To preserve the caves, the Dunhuang Academy is pioneering a project to digitize the site.
Recently, the Arthur M. Sackler Gallery in Washington, D.C., offered a tantalizing glimpse at the undertaking. Donning 3-D glasses, visitors were transported into a breathtaking "virtual" Dunhuang grotto, known as Cave 220. The 3-D, interactive experience is flooded with vivid color, close-up details, moving images of flying bodhisattvas, even sound, "Dunhuang ranks as the single most important repository of early Chinese art. Here the great cultures of the World--Greek and Roman,Persian and Middle Eastern, Indian and Chinese--constantly interacted for over a millennium,"said Mimi Gates, who formed the Dunhuang Foundation. "High-resolution digitization will provide a lasting record of this artistic treasure for all mankind and can make it accessible beyond China."
A dozen years ago, the Dunhuang Academy began cooperating with foregoing institutions to conserve the treasures. Among the projects, one used a camera to create a digital archive of the caves. The results will be used in the academy which planned ＄40 million state-of-the-art visitor center which will present virtual tour of the caves to save the real site wear and tear. The scope of the project is daunting. It requires 20 minutes or so to record a 9-square-meter
本题解析：
题干问的是以下哪个因素会对石窟产生严重的破坏。根据文章第一段和第二段可知，古代的壁画和雕塑在经历了战争、环境破坏、古物猎人和混乱的文化大革命后存活了下来，而如今最大的威胁是国内旅游业。石窟的最佳游客容量是每天3 000人，可是高峰期会达到两倍之多，故选D。
请阅读Passaqe l，完成第小题。
Passage 1
Among the throngs of Americans prowling the malls and trawling e-commerce sites, many are looking out for themselves. Retail-research firm NPD Group said, thus far, about one third of consumers have engaged in what is called self-gifting. That's up from 12 percent in a typical pre-recession year, and up from the 19 percent who said they planned to do so last year. The National Retail Federation, the dispenser of all holiday-related data, said in 2012, nearly 60 percent of shoppers would do so.
The latest step in the evolution of our burgeoning culture of narcissism? Yes. Self-gifting makes psychological and economic sense given what Americans have endured these years.
THE POST-BUST(破产) era has been a long, hard, heroic slog of balance-sheet improvement.
Americans have labored to save money and hack away at the huge mountain of debt they accumulated during the credit boom. According to the New York Federal Reserve, consumers have knocked down their aggregate debt load from $12.67 trillion in the third quarter of 2008 to $11.31 trillion in the third quarter of 2012; credit-card debt is off $192 billion from the peak. Americans have cut their load by spending more carefully and engaging in that most un-American of traits:
self-abnegation.
After living frugally for so much of the year and for so many years who can blame a parent at an Apple Store for buying herself a new iPad? Indeed, self-gifting may actually be a function of the new abstemiousness. Let's say you've been holding off on replacing your old television. Why not buy it around November or December when insane promotions and free shipping are available?
Besides, it's not like self-gifters are solely interested in self-pleasure. An NRF survey said that the typical self-gifter would spend about $140 on himself this year. For comparison's sake, the survey said the typical shopper would spent about $750 in all.
After a long per
本题解析：
通读全文可知，文章开头指出self-giftin9的消费者数量在增加，然后提到self-gifting对于心理和经济都有积极作用且self-gifiin9是节制的标志，并且作者在最后一段提出，随着网络购物趋势的冷淡，人们需要用其他方式来拥有愉快的体验，可以看出作者对self-giftin9是支持的，故选D。
请阅读Passaqe l，完成第小题。
Passage 1
Among the throngs of Americans prowling the malls and trawling e-commerce sites, many are looking out for themselves. Retail-research firm NPD Group said, thus far, about one third of consumers have engaged in what is called self-gifting. That's up from 12 percent in a typical pre-recession year, and up from the 19 percent who said they planned to do so last year. The National Retail Federation, the dispenser of all holiday-related data, said in 2012, nearly 60 percent of shoppers would do so.
The latest step in the evolution of our burgeoning culture of narcissism? Yes. Self-gifting makes psychological and economic sense given what Americans have endured these years.
THE POST-BUST(破产) era has been a long, hard, heroic slog of balance-sheet improvement.
Americans have labored to save money and hack away at the huge mountain of debt they accumulated during the credit boom. According to the New York Federal Reserve, consumers have knocked down their aggregate debt load from $12.67 trillion in the third quarter of 2008 to $11.31 trillion in the third quarter of 2012; credit-card debt is off $192 billion from the peak. Americans have cut their load by spending more carefully and engaging in that most un-American of traits:
self-abnegation.
After living frugally for so much of the year and for so many years who can blame a parent at an Apple Store for buying herself a new iPad? Indeed, self-gifting may actually be a function of the new abstemiousness. Let's say you've been holding off on replacing your old television. Why not buy it around November or December when insane promotions and free shipping are available?
Besides, it's not like self-gifters are solely interested in self-pleasure. An NRF survey said that the typical self-gifter would spend about $140 on himself this year. For comparison's sake, the survey said the typical shopper would spent about $750 in all.
After a long per
本题解析：
根据划线单词所在句，可知美国人花费l l00亿美元用在购买礼品卡上，然后把礼品卡送出去。them指的就是这些9ift cards，故选A。
请阅读Passaqe l，完成第小题。
Passage 1
Among the throngs of Americans prowling the malls and trawling e-commerce sites, many are looking out for themselves. Retail-research firm NPD Group said, thus far, about one third of consumers have engaged in what is called self-gifting. That's up from 12 percent in a typical pre-recession year, and up from the 19 percent who said they planned to do so last year. The National Retail Federation, the dispenser of all holiday-related data, said in 2012, nearly 60 percent of shoppers would do so.
The latest step in the evolution of our burgeoning culture of narcissism? Yes. Self-gifting makes psychological and economic sense given what Americans have endured these years.
THE POST-BUST(破产) era has been a long, hard, heroic slog of balance-sheet improvement.
Americans have labored to save money and hack away at the huge mountain of debt they accumulated during the credit boom. According to the New York Federal Reserve, consumers have knocked down their aggregate debt load from $12.67 trillion in the third quarter of 2008 to $11.31 trillion in the third quarter of 2012; credit-card debt is off $192 billion from the peak. Americans have cut their load by spending more carefully and engaging in that most un-American of traits:
self-abnegation.
After living frugally for so much of the year and for so many years who can blame a parent at an Apple Store for buying herself a new iPad? Indeed, self-gifting may actually be a function of the new abstemiousness. Let's say you've been holding off on replacing your old television. Why not buy it around November or December when insane promotions and free shipping are available?
Besides, it's not like self-gifters are solely interested in self-pleasure. An NRF survey said that the typical self-gifter would spend about $140 on himself this year. For comparison's sake, the survey said the typical shopper would spent about $750 in all.
After a long per
本题解析：
aggregate意为“合计的”。划线词所在句子意思是“到2012年第三季度，用户已经将他们的总债从2008年第三季度的12．67万亿减少到11．31万亿”。选项中只有total“整个的”与aggregate意思相近，故选C。
请阅读Passaqe l，完成第小题。
Passage 1
Among the throngs of Americans prowling the malls and trawling e-commerce sites, many are looking out for themselves. Retail-research firm NPD Group said, thus far, about one third of consumers have engaged in what is called self-gifting. That's up from 12 percent in a typical pre-recession year, and up from the 19 percent who said they planned to do so last year. The National Retail Federation, the dispenser of all holiday-related data, said in 2012, nearly 60 percent of shoppers would do so.
The latest step in the evolution of our burgeoning culture of narcissism? Yes. Self-gifting makes psychological and economic sense given what Americans have endured these years.
THE POST-BUST(破产) era has been a long, hard, heroic slog of balance-sheet improvement.
Americans have labored to save money and hack away at the huge mountain of debt they accumulated during the credit boom. According to the New York Federal Reserve, consumers have knocked down their aggregate debt load from $12.67 trillion in the third quarter of 2008 to $11.31 trillion in the third quarter of 2012; credit-card debt is off $192 billion from the peak. Americans have cut their load by spending more carefully and engaging in that most un-American of traits:
self-abnegation.
After living frugally for so much of the year and for so many years who can blame a parent at an Apple Store for buying herself a new iPad? Indeed, self-gifting may actually be a function of the new abstemiousness. Let's say you've been holding off on replacing your old television. Why not buy it around November or December when insane promotions and free shipping are available?
Besides, it's not like self-gifters are solely interested in self-pleasure. An NRF survey said that the typical self-gifter would spend about $140 on himself this year. For comparison's sake, the survey said the typical shopper would spent about $750 in all.
After a long per
本题解析：
根据题干关键词typical self-gifter和typical shopper定位到文章第四段最后两句话，这一段主要是说给自己买礼物的一个作用就是节制．所以该段对两者的花费进行对比的主要目的是为了说明给自己买礼物是节制的一种标志。
请阅读Passaqe l，完成第小题。
Passage 1
Among the throngs of Americans prowling the malls and trawling e-commerce sites, many are looking out for themselves. Retail-research firm NPD Group said, thus far, about one third of consumers have engaged in what is called self-gifting. That's up from 12 percent in a typical pre-recession year, and up from the 19 percent who said they planned to do so last year. The National Retail Federation, the dispenser of all holiday-related data, said in 2012, nearly 60 percent of shoppers would do so.
The latest step in the evolution of our burgeoning culture of narcissism? Yes. Self-gifting makes psychological and economic sense given what Americans have endured these years.
THE POST-BUST(破产) era has been a long, hard, heroic slog of balance-sheet improvement.
Americans have labored to save money and hack away at the huge mountain of debt they accumulated during the credit boom. According to the New York Federal Reserve, consumers have knocked down their aggregate debt load from $12.67 trillion in the third quarter of 2008 to $11.31 trillion in the third quarter of 2012; credit-card debt is off $192 billion from the peak. Americans have cut their load by spending more carefully and engaging in that most un-American of traits:
self-abnegation.
After living frugally for so much of the year and for so many years who can blame a parent at an Apple Store for buying herself a new iPad? Indeed, self-gifting may actually be a function of the new abstemiousness. Let's say you've been holding off on replacing your old television. Why not buy it around November or December when insane promotions and free shipping are available?
Besides, it's not like self-gifters are solely interested in self-pleasure. An NRF survey said that the typical self-gifter would spend about $140 on himself this year. For comparison's sake, the survey said the typical shopper would spent about $750 in all.
After a long per
本题解析：
根据题干关键词retail research定位到文章第一段，可知已有三分之一的消费者会给自己买礼物．在经济衰退的前一年给自己买礼物的消费者已从12％开始增长，去年计划从19%开始增长，所以C项“自从经济衰退开始给自己买礼物的消费者数量就开始增长”为正确选项。
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