2021年教师资格证《英语学科知识与教学能力》（初级中学）模

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1 单选题 1分

What type of approach does the student apply to listening according to what he describes? __________"When I listen to English tapes, I am always worried about my limited vocabulary. I tend to figure out its actual meaning when coming across an unknown word, so that stop makes me miss the next part of the speech."

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正确答案：D

本题解析：

考查听力模式。该学生描述到自己在听英语时，遇到不认识的词汇总是深究，以至于错过了录音后面的内容。这是bottom-up approach(自下而上法)。A指“注重细节的方法”，B指“自上而下法”，C指“互动法”。

2 单选题 1分

Which of the following correctly describes the English phoneme/v/?

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正确答案：B

本题解析：

考查语音的分类。voiceless“清音”；labiodental“唇齿音”；fricative“摩擦音”；plosive“爆破音”／v/属于浊音、唇齿音和摩擦音。故选B。

3 单选题 1分

In__________ drills, the students change a given structure in a way so that they are exposed to other similar structures, which also helps them have a deeper understanding of how the structures are formed and how they are used.

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正确答案：B

本题解析：

考查语法教学。在语法练习中，机械操练有两种常用方式：替换操练(substitution drills)和转换操练(transformatiOU drills)。题干中叙述内容属于转换操练的内容。故选B。

4 单选题 1分

请阅读短文。

Anne Whitney, a sophomore at Colorado State University, first had a problem taking tests when she began college. "I was always well prepared for my tests. Sometimes I studied for weeks before a test. Yet I would go in to take the test, only to find I could not answer the questions correctly. I would blank out because of nervousness and fear. I couldn't think of the answer. My low grades on the tests did not show what I knew to the teacher." Another student in biology had similar experiences. He said, "My first chemistry test was very difficult. Then, on the second test, I sat down to take it, and I was so nervous that I was shaking. My hands were moving up and down so quickly that it was hard to hold my pencil. I knew the material and I knew the answers. Yet I couldn't even write them down! "

These two young students were experiencing something called test anxiety. Because a student worries and is uneasy about a test, his or her mind does not work as well as it usually does. The student cannot write or think clearly because of the extreme tension and nervousness. Although poor grades are often a result of poor study habits, sometimes test anxiety causes the low grades. Recently, test anxiety has been recognized as a real problem, not just an excuse or a false explanation of lazy students.

Special university advising courses try to help students. In these courses, advisors try to help students by teaching them how to manage test anxiety. At some universities, students take tests to measure their anxiety. If the tests show their anxiety is high, the students can take short courses to help them deal with their tensions. These courses teach students how to relax their bodies. Students are trained to become calm in very tense situations. By controlling their nervousness, they can let their minds work at ease. Learned information then comes out without difficulty on a test.

An expert at the University of California explains: "With almost

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正确答案：B

本题解析：

由最后一段“With almost all students，relaxation and less stress are felt after taking our program．”可知，几乎所有的学生，在参加过我们的项目之后，会变得更轻松，压力感减少。故选B。

5 单选题 1分

请阅读短文。

Anne Whitney, a sophomore at Colorado State University, first had a problem taking tests when she began college. "I was always well prepared for my tests. Sometimes I studied for weeks before a test. Yet I would go in to take the test, only to find I could not answer the questions correctly. I would blank out because of nervousness and fear. I couldn't think of the answer. My low grades on the tests did not show what I knew to the teacher." Another student in biology had similar experiences. He said, "My first chemistry test was very difficult. Then, on the second test, I sat down to take it, and I was so nervous that I was shaking. My hands were moving up and down so quickly that it was hard to hold my pencil. I knew the material and I knew the answers. Yet I couldn't even write them down! "

These two young students were experiencing something called test anxiety. Because a student worries and is uneasy about a test, his or her mind does not work as well as it usually does. The student cannot write or think clearly because of the extreme tension and nervousness. Although poor grades are often a result of poor study habits, sometimes test anxiety causes the low grades. Recently, test anxiety has been recognized as a real problem, not just an excuse or a false explanation of lazy students.

Special university advising courses try to help students. In these courses, advisors try to help students by teaching them how to manage test anxiety. At some universities, students take tests to measure their anxiety. If the tests show their anxiety is high, the students can take short courses to help them deal with their tensions. These courses teach students how to relax their bodies. Students are trained to become calm in very tense situations. By controlling their nervousness, they can let their minds work at ease. Learned information then comes out without difficulty on a test.

An expert at the University of California explains: "With almost

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正确答案：A

本题解析：

由第三段可知，学生先参加一个考试焦虑度的测试，如果焦虑度高的话，则会参加短期课程来减缓焦虑，故选A。

6 单选题 1分

请阅读短文。

Anne Whitney, a sophomore at Colorado State University, first had a problem taking tests when she began college. "I was always well prepared for my tests. Sometimes I studied for weeks before a test. Yet I would go in to take the test, only to find I could not answer the questions correctly. I would blank out because of nervousness and fear. I couldn't think of the answer. My low grades on the tests did not show what I knew to the teacher." Another student in biology had similar experiences. He said, "My first chemistry test was very difficult. Then, on the second test, I sat down to take it, and I was so nervous that I was shaking. My hands were moving up and down so quickly that it was hard to hold my pencil. I knew the material and I knew the answers. Yet I couldn't even write them down! "

These two young students were experiencing something called test anxiety. Because a student worries and is uneasy about a test, his or her mind does not work as well as it usually does. The student cannot write or think clearly because of the extreme tension and nervousness. Although poor grades are often a result of poor study habits, sometimes test anxiety causes the low grades. Recently, test anxiety has been recognized as a real problem, not just an excuse or a false explanation of lazy students.

Special university advising courses try to help students. In these courses, advisors try to help students by teaching them how to manage test anxiety. At some universities, students take tests to measure their anxiety. If the tests show their anxiety is high, the students can take short courses to help them deal with their tensions. These courses teach students how to relax their bodies. Students are trained to become calm in very tense situations. By controlling their nervousness, they can let their minds work at ease. Learned information then comes out without difficulty on a test.

An expert at the University of California explains: "With almost

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正确答案：C

本题解析：

由第二段“test anxiety has been recognized as a real problem”可知，考试焦虑已经被认为是一个真正的问题。故选C。

7 单选题 1分

请阅读短文。

Anne Whitney, a sophomore at Colorado State University, first had a problem taking tests when she began college. "I was always well prepared for my tests. Sometimes I studied for weeks before a test. Yet I would go in to take the test, only to find I could not answer the questions correctly. I would blank out because of nervousness and fear. I couldn't think of the answer. My low grades on the tests did not show what I knew to the teacher." Another student in biology had similar experiences. He said, "My first chemistry test was very difficult. Then, on the second test, I sat down to take it, and I was so nervous that I was shaking. My hands were moving up and down so quickly that it was hard to hold my pencil. I knew the material and I knew the answers. Yet I couldn't even write them down! "

These two young students were experiencing something called test anxiety. Because a student worries and is uneasy about a test, his or her mind does not work as well as it usually does. The student cannot write or think clearly because of the extreme tension and nervousness. Although poor grades are often a result of poor study habits, sometimes test anxiety causes the low grades. Recently, test anxiety has been recognized as a real problem, not just an excuse or a false explanation of lazy students.

Special university advising courses try to help students. In these courses, advisors try to help students by teaching them how to manage test anxiety. At some universities, students take tests to measure their anxiety. If the tests show their anxiety is high, the students can take short courses to help them deal with their tensions. These courses teach students how to relax their bodies. Students are trained to become calm in very tense situations. By controlling their nervousness, they can let their minds work at ease. Learned information then comes out without difficulty on a test.

An expert at the University of California explains: "With almost

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正确答案：D

本题解析：

由第二段“poor grades are often a result ofpoor study habits”可知，成绩差是不良的学习习惯造成的结果。故选D。

8 单选题 1分

请阅读短文。

Anne Whitney, a sophomore at Colorado State University, first had a problem taking tests when she began college. "I was always well prepared for my tests. Sometimes I studied for weeks before a test. Yet I would go in to take the test, only to find I could not answer the questions correctly. I would blank out because of nervousness and fear. I couldn't think of the answer. My low grades on the tests did not show what I knew to the teacher." Another student in biology had similar experiences. He said, "My first chemistry test was very difficult. Then, on the second test, I sat down to take it, and I was so nervous that I was shaking. My hands were moving up and down so quickly that it was hard to hold my pencil. I knew the material and I knew the answers. Yet I couldn't even write them down! "

These two young students were experiencing something called test anxiety. Because a student worries and is uneasy about a test, his or her mind does not work as well as it usually does. The student cannot write or think clearly because of the extreme tension and nervousness. Although poor grades are often a result of poor study habits, sometimes test anxiety causes the low grades. Recently, test anxiety has been recognized as a real problem, not just an excuse or a false explanation of lazy students.

Special university advising courses try to help students. In these courses, advisors try to help students by teaching them how to manage test anxiety. At some universities, students take tests to measure their anxiety. If the tests show their anxiety is high, the students can take short courses to help them deal with their tensions. These courses teach students how to relax their bodies. Students are trained to become calm in very tense situations. By controlling their nervousness, they can let their minds work at ease. Learned information then comes out without difficulty on a test.

An expert at the University of California explains: "With almost

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正确答案：C

本题解析：

根据第一段“I would blank out because of nervousness and fear．I couldn’t think of the answer．”可知，blank out在此是指由于紧张和害怕导致一时忘了答案，故选C。

9 单选题 1分

_________means reading quickly to get the gist, i.e. the main idea of the text.

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正确答案：A

本题解析：

考查阅读策。读是一种快速浏览阅读方式，其目的是了解文章的大意。因此读者不需要细读全文，而是有选择地进行跳跃式的阅读。

10 单选题 1分

A variety of a language used recognizably in a specific region or by a specific social class is called__________.

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正确答案：A

本题解析：

考查社会语言学中的概念。方言(dialect)是语言因具体地域或是社会阶层等方面的差别而形成语言变体。