2020年考研《英语一》真题

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1 问答题 1分

Directions:

Write an essay of 160~200 words based on the picture below. In your essay, you should:

1) Describe the picture briefly;

2) Interpret the implied meaning, and

3) Give your comments

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正确答案：

本题解析：

　There are two pictures that are totally different. One is a young girl who is making great efforts on her schoolwork with earnest expressions. The other picture shows that a lazy boy is lying on the sofa instead of reading with an unfold book and a pen on the book desk. Obviously, through the contrast of these two pictures, the explicit implication emerges in front of us that the power of good habits should be highly valued.

　　To begin with, scheduling is the art of planning your activities so that you can achieve your goals and priorities in time. It helps you build your confidence. Secondly, it is universally admitted that it takes time to change a habit, while procrastination which includes task aversion, distractibility and impulsiveness is a bad habit that requires many efforts to overcome. However, these problems are the easiest to overcome if we make a good schedule in advance.

　　Based on the discussion above, it is advisable for us to form good habits. In short, it’s time to strengthen people’s awareness in this respect. Only in this way can we make full use of reasonable time arrangement and own a bright future.

本题要求根据图画描述内容并阐述含义，可将作文分为三大部分。第一部分描述图画内容并揭示含义，表明你的观点，即我们需要养成合理规划时间的好习惯；第二部分阐述为何我们需要合理规划时间；第三部分再次重申观点并肯定该观点的意义。

2 问答题 1分

Directions:

The Student Union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students an upcoming singing contest. Write a notice in about 100 words.

Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. Do not use your name in the notice.

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正确答案：

本题解析：

　In order to ensure that students from overseas have abundant extracurricular activities, I am writing to inform you of some relevant information about the singing competition.

　　This event will be held in the auditorium of our university on March 5, 2020, and it will start at 7 p.m.. Participants will be students of our university who are from different majors. First of all, the headmaster of our university will wise everybody up that the purpose of the competition is to enrich the extracurricular activities of the students on campus. Next is the fabulous time for the singing contest.

　　We are looking forward to seeing you there. Trust me, you will have unforgettable and joy time in this event.

The Students’ Union

本题要求你根据题目中所给信息写一封通知。全文可分为三部分，第一部分简要表达通知的缘由；第二部分根据逻辑补充通知主要内容，可自行添加细节；第三部分结束语，表示对前来观看者的欢迎。注意通知格式规范。

3 问答题 1分

Followig the explosion of creativity in Florence during the 14th century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17th century, with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46)-With (the gap between) the church’s teachings and ways of thinking being eclipsed by the Renaissance, the gap between the medieval and modern periods had been bridged, leading to new and unexplored intellectual territories.

　　During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47)-Before each of their revelations, many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking, including the geocentric view that the Earth was at the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that in actual fact, all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory during a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy, and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death. Galileo was excommunicated by the Church and imprisoned for life for his astronomical observations and his support of the heliocentric principle.

　　(48)-Despite attempts by the Church to strong-arm this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made, and at a rate that the people-including the Church -could no longer ignore. It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.

　　The Church’s long-standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe during most of the 17th century. (49)-As many took on the duty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world. The Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.

　　The 17th and 18th centuries were times of radical change and curiosity. Scientific method, reductionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50)-Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase ‘sapere aude’ or ‘dare to know’, after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment? It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.

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正确答案：

本题解析：

试图去寻求知识和理解我们已有信息的这种行动可以由拉丁文词语“sapere aude”或英文“dare to know”描述。

本句是一简单句，主干的谓语动词是were captured。句中to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew 部分是不定式作后置定语，修饰such actions，可以前置翻译成：去寻求知识和理解我们已有信息的这种行动，其中what information we already knew是understand 的宾语从句，可以翻译成：理解我们已有的信息。

4 问答题 1分

Folloing the explosion of creativity in Florence during the 14th century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17th century, with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46)-With (the gap between) the church’s teachings and ways of thinking being eclipsed by the Renaissance, the gap between the medieval and modern periods had been bridged, leading to new and unexplored intellectual territories.

　　During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47)-Before each of their revelations, many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking, including the geocentric view that the Earth was at the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that in actual fact, all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory during a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy, and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death. Galileo was excommunicated by the Church and imprisoned for life for his astronomical observations and his support of the heliocentric principle.

　　(48)-Despite attempts by the Church to strong-arm this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made, and at a rate that the people-including the Church -could no longer ignore. It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.

　　The Church’s long-standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe during most of the 17th century. (49)-As many took on the duty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world. The Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.

　　The 17th and 18th centuries were times of radical change and curiosity. Scientific method, reductionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50)-Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase ‘sapere aude’ or ‘dare to know’, after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment? It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.

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正确答案：

本题解析：

正当很多人致力于尝试把推理和科学哲理融入到世界时，文艺复兴结束了，而此时一个新的理性时代到来了。

本句主干为the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era，可以翻译成：文艺复兴结束了，而此时一个新的时代到来了，这是由and连接的两个并列单句。As many took on the duty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world是由as引导的时间状语从句，可以翻译成：正当很多人致力于尝试把推理和科学哲理融入到世界时。

5 问答题 1分

Folowing the explosion of creativity in Florence during the 14th century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17th century, with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46)-With (the gap between) the church’s teachings and ways of thinking being eclipsed by the Renaissance, the gap between the medieval and modern periods had been bridged, leading to new and unexplored intellectual territories.

　　During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47)-Before each of their revelations, many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking, including the geocentric view that the Earth was at the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that in actual fact, all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory during a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy, and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death. Galileo was excommunicated by the Church and imprisoned for life for his astronomical observations and his support of the heliocentric principle.

　　(48)-Despite attempts by the Church to strong-arm this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made, and at a rate that the people-including the Church -could no longer ignore. It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.

　　The Church’s long-standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe during most of the 17th century. (49)-As many took on the duty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world. The Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.

　　The 17th and 18th centuries were times of radical change and curiosity. Scientific method, reductionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50)-Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase ‘sapere aude’ or ‘dare to know’, after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment? It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.

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正确答案：

本题解析：

尽管教堂做出许多尝试去压制新一代的逻辑学家和理性主义者，但是更多对于宇宙是如何运作的探索正在以人们不可忽视的速度进行着。

本句主干为more explorations for how the universe functioned were being made，可以翻译成：更多对于宇宙是如何运作的探索正在进行着，其中for后面是how引导的宾语从句。Despite attempts by the Church to suppress this new generation of logicians and rationalists是由despite引导的方式状语从句，其中to suppress ... 作后置定语修饰attempts，可以翻译成：尽管教堂做出许多尝试去压制新一代的逻辑学家和理性主义者。that people could no longer ignore做定语从句修饰rate，可以前置翻译成：以人们不可忽视的速度。

6 问答题 1分

Fllowing the explosion of creativity in Florence during the 14th century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17th century, with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46)-With (the gap between) the church’s teachings and ways of thinking being eclipsed by the Renaissance, the gap between the medieval and modern periods had been bridged, leading to new and unexplored intellectual territories.

　　During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47)-Before each of their revelations, many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking, including the geocentric view that the Earth was at the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that in actual fact, all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory during a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy, and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death. Galileo was excommunicated by the Church and imprisoned for life for his astronomical observations and his support of the heliocentric principle.

　　(48)-Despite attempts by the Church to strong-arm this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made, and at a rate that the people-including the Church -could no longer ignore. It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.

　　The Church’s long-standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe during most of the 17th century. (49)-As many took on the duty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world. The Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.

　　The 17th and 18th centuries were times of radical change and curiosity. Scientific method, reductionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50)-Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase ‘sapere aude’ or ‘dare to know’, after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment? It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.

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正确答案：

本题解析：

在每个启示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用更为古老的思维方式，包括地心说的观点，该观点认为地球是我们宇宙的中心。

本句主干为many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking，可以翻译成：当时的许多思想家都采用更为古老的思维方式，其中at the time作后置定语修饰many thinkers，可以前置翻译成：当时的许多思想家。Before each of their revelations部分为时间状语，可以翻译成：在每个启示之前。句末including the geocentric view that the Earth was at the centre of our universe是分词作后置定语修饰ways of thinking，其中that后是同位语从句修饰限定view，可翻译成：包括地心说的观点，该观点认为地球是我们宇宙的中心。

7 问答题 1分

Following the explosion of creativity in Florence during the 14th century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17th century, with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46)-With (the gap between) the church’s teachings and ways of thinking being eclipsed by the Renaissance, the gap between the medieval and modern periods had been bridged, leading to new and unexplored intellectual territories.

　　During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47)-Before each of their revelations, many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking, including the geocentric view that the Earth was at the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that in actual fact, all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory during a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy, and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death. Galileo was excommunicated by the Church and imprisoned for life for his astronomical observations and his support of the heliocentric principle.

　　(48)-Despite attempts by the Church to strong-arm this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made, and at a rate that the people-including the Church -could no longer ignore. It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.

　　The Church’s long-standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe during most of the 17th century. (49)-As many took on the duty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world. The Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.

　　The 17th and 18th centuries were times of radical change and curiosity. Scientific method, reductionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50)-Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase ‘sapere aude’ or ‘dare to know’, after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment? It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.

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正确答案：

本题解析：

由于文艺复兴时期教会的教义和思维方式之间的差距被消除，中世纪与现代世界之间的鸿沟得以弥补，开辟了通向崭新的和未经探索的知识领域的大道。

本句主干为 the gap between the medieval and modern periods had been bridged，可以翻译为：中世纪与现代世界之间的鸿沟得以弥补。句首with ... 引导伴随状语，其中being eclipsed是with＋宾语＋宾补结构的一部分，可翻译为：由于文艺复兴时期教会的教义和思维方式之间的差距被消除。句末leading to new and unexplored intellectual territories现在分词作结果状语，可翻译为：开辟了通向崭新的和未经探索的知识领域的大道。