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2021下半年教师资格《初中英语学科知识与教学能力》黑钻押题1

卷面总分:33分 答题时间:240分钟 试卷题量:33题 练习次数:86次
单选题 (共30题,共30分)
1.

During class, the teacher draws a flow chart on the blackboard to show the structure and its inner connection of a passage. What class do you think is it most possible be?

  • A. Word class
  • B. Reading and speaking class
  • C. Grammar class
  • D. Phonetics class
标记 纠错
2.

Which of the following cannot be used as a way to show the stress pattern of words, phrases,and sentences?

  • A. Facial expressions
  • B. Gestures
  • C. Voices
  • D. The blackboard
标记 纠错
3.

For better classroom management, what should the teacher do while the students are doingactivities?

  • A. Participating in a group
  • B. Preparing for the next procedure
  • C. Moving around to monitor, prompt students and provide help
  • D. Standing in front of the class
标记 纠错
4.

Before doing a writing task, the teacher elicits students′ ideas by asking them to list as many words or phrases that come into their mind about the topic as possible. Here the teacher is playing the role of a(an) __________.

  • A. controller
  • B. participant
  • C. organizer
  • D. prompter
标记 纠错
5.

The one that does not belong to the approach to teaching reflection is__________.

  • A. teaching journal
  • B. audio or video recording of lessons
  • C. action research
  • D. teaching plan
标记 纠错
6.

I took my ticket, and marched proudly up the platform, with my cheeses, the people__________respectfully on either side.

  • A. fell back
  • B. falling back
  • C. being fallen back
  • D. having fallen back
标记 纠错
7.

Which teaching method combines form-focused teaching with communication-focused teaching?

  • A. PPP
  • B. TBLT
  • C. CLT
  • D. TPR
标记 纠错
8.

__________a child and you will find that he is happy every day in whatever he does.

  • A. Observe
  • B. To observe
  • C. Observed
  • D. Observing
标记 纠错
9.

The words "make" and "chair" are called __________ because they can occur unattached.

  • A. derivational affix
  • B. bound morphemes
  • C. free morphemes
  • D. inflectional affix
标记 纠错
10.

He made a promise__________he earned money, he would build a new school to help develop education.

  • A. what
  • B. that
  • C. that if
  • D. what if
标记 纠错
11.

What purpose do post-listening activities NOT serve?

  • A. Helping students relate the text with their personal experience
  • B. Offering students the opportunities of extending other language skills
  • C. Practicing students' ability of matching the pre-listing predictions with contents of the text
  • D. Enabling students to have a discussion about the topic
标记 纠错
12.

Every student as well as teachers who__________ to visit the museum__________ asked to be at the school gate on time.

  • A. is;is
  • B. are;are
  • C. is;are
  • D. are;is
标记 纠错
13.

When students learn "apple, orange", the teacher gives students another word "fruit".

Which principle does the teacher follow in his/her vocabulary teaching?

  • A. Word-choice principle
  • B. Presentation principle
  • C. Culture principle
  • D. Systematic principle
标记 纠错
14.

In writing, which activity is used to get students to exchange their papers and correct in terms of spelling, grammar point?

  • A. Editing
  • B. Brainstorming
  • C. Mapping
  • D. Drafting
标记 纠错
15.

__________ is a type of activity in which the teacher reads out a passage in normal speed for two or three times and students note down the words they could catch as they listen as much as possible.

  • A. Answering questions
  • B. Gap-filling
  • C. Dictogloss
  • D. Sequencing
标记 纠错
16.

Passage 1

Traffic lights are crucial tools for regulating traffic flow. They are not, however, perfect.

Drivers exchange the gridlock that would happen at unmanaged junctions for a pattern of stop-go movement that can still be frustrating, and which burns more fuel than a smooth passage would.

Creating such a smooth passage means adjusting a vehicle′s speed so that it always arrives at the lights when they are green. That is theoretically possible, but practically hard. Roadside signs wired to traffic lights may help, but they have not been widely deployed. Now scientists have an idea that could make the process cheaper and more effective. Instead of a hardwired network of signs, they propose to use mobile-phone apps.

For a driver to benefit, he must load a special software, dubbed SignalGuru, into his phone and then mount it on a special bracket attached to the inside of his car′s windscreen, with the camera lens pointing forwards. SignalGuru is designed to detect traffic lights and track their status as red,amber or green. It broadcasts this information to other phones in the area that are fitted with the same software, and--if there are enough of them--the phones thus each know the status of most of the lights around town. Using this information, SignalGuru is able to calculate the traffic-light schedule for the region and suggest the speed at which a driver should travel in order to avoid running into red lights.

Tests in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where five drivers were asked to follow the same route for three hours, and in Singapore, where eight drivers were asked to follow one of two routes for 30 minutes, revealed that SignalGuru was capable of predicting traffic-light activity with an accuracy of 98.2% and 96.3% respectively, in the two cities. This was particularly impressive because in Cambridge the lights shifted, roughly half-way through the test, from their off-peak schedule to their afternoon-traffic schedule, whi

  • A. They must wait patiently until traffic lights turn green
  • B. They need to help traffic police to regulate traffic flows
  • C. They can drive through the red lights if nobody is around
  • D. They have to adjust the speed in time for the green lights
标记 纠错
17.

Passage 1

Traffic lights are crucial tools for regulating traffic flow. They are not, however, perfect.

Drivers exchange the gridlock that would happen at unmanaged junctions for a pattern of stop-go movement that can still be frustrating, and which burns more fuel than a smooth passage would.

Creating such a smooth passage means adjusting a vehicle′s speed so that it always arrives at the lights when they are green. That is theoretically possible, but practically hard. Roadside signs wired to traffic lights may help, but they have not been widely deployed. Now scientists have an idea that could make the process cheaper and more effective. Instead of a hardwired network of signs, they propose to use mobile-phone apps.

For a driver to benefit, he must load a special software, dubbed SignalGuru, into his phone and then mount it on a special bracket attached to the inside of his car′s windscreen, with the camera lens pointing forwards. SignalGuru is designed to detect traffic lights and track their status as red,amber or green. It broadcasts this information to other phones in the area that are fitted with the same software, and--if there are enough of them--the phones thus each know the status of most of the lights around town. Using this information, SignalGuru is able to calculate the traffic-light schedule for the region and suggest the speed at which a driver should travel in order to avoid running into red lights.

Tests in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where five drivers were asked to follow the same route for three hours, and in Singapore, where eight drivers were asked to follow one of two routes for 30 minutes, revealed that SignalGuru was capable of predicting traffic-light activity with an accuracy of 98.2% and 96.3% respectively, in the two cities. This was particularly impressive because in Cambridge the lights shifted, roughly half-way through the test, from their off-peak schedule to their afternoon-traffic schedule, whi

  • A. it takes a lot of space to put them up
  • B. it is hard to wire them to traffic lights
  • C. they cost more money to install
  • D. they are less effective in bad weather
标记 纠错
18.

Passage 1

Traffic lights are crucial tools for regulating traffic flow. They are not, however, perfect.

Drivers exchange the gridlock that would happen at unmanaged junctions for a pattern of stop-go movement that can still be frustrating, and which burns more fuel than a smooth passage would.

Creating such a smooth passage means adjusting a vehicle′s speed so that it always arrives at the lights when they are green. That is theoretically possible, but practically hard. Roadside signs wired to traffic lights may help, but they have not been widely deployed. Now scientists have an idea that could make the process cheaper and more effective. Instead of a hardwired network of signs, they propose to use mobile-phone apps.

For a driver to benefit, he must load a special software, dubbed SignalGuru, into his phone and then mount it on a special bracket attached to the inside of his car′s windscreen, with the camera lens pointing forwards. SignalGuru is designed to detect traffic lights and track their status as red,amber or green. It broadcasts this information to other phones in the area that are fitted with the same software, and--if there are enough of them--the phones thus each know the status of most of the lights around town. Using this information, SignalGuru is able to calculate the traffic-light schedule for the region and suggest the speed at which a driver should travel in order to avoid running into red lights.

Tests in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where five drivers were asked to follow the same route for three hours, and in Singapore, where eight drivers were asked to follow one of two routes for 30 minutes, revealed that SignalGuru was capable of predicting traffic-light activity with an accuracy of 98.2% and 96.3% respectively, in the two cities. This was particularly impressive because in Cambridge the lights shifted, roughly half-way through the test, from their off-peak schedule to their afternoon-traffic schedule, whi

  • A. It is intended to keep track of traffic jams
  • B. It can show where all traffic lights are
  • C. It enables phones to share the information
  • D. It works as a brake that slows down the car
标记 纠错
19.

Passage 1

Traffic lights are crucial tools for regulating traffic flow. They are not, however, perfect.

Drivers exchange the gridlock that would happen at unmanaged junctions for a pattern of stop-go movement that can still be frustrating, and which burns more fuel than a smooth passage would.

Creating such a smooth passage means adjusting a vehicle′s speed so that it always arrives at the lights when they are green. That is theoretically possible, but practically hard. Roadside signs wired to traffic lights may help, but they have not been widely deployed. Now scientists have an idea that could make the process cheaper and more effective. Instead of a hardwired network of signs, they propose to use mobile-phone apps.

For a driver to benefit, he must load a special software, dubbed SignalGuru, into his phone and then mount it on a special bracket attached to the inside of his car′s windscreen, with the camera lens pointing forwards. SignalGuru is designed to detect traffic lights and track their status as red,amber or green. It broadcasts this information to other phones in the area that are fitted with the same software, and--if there are enough of them--the phones thus each know the status of most of the lights around town. Using this information, SignalGuru is able to calculate the traffic-light schedule for the region and suggest the speed at which a driver should travel in order to avoid running into red lights.

Tests in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where five drivers were asked to follow the same route for three hours, and in Singapore, where eight drivers were asked to follow one of two routes for 30 minutes, revealed that SignalGuru was capable of predicting traffic-light activity with an accuracy of 98.2% and 96.3% respectively, in the two cities. This was particularly impressive because in Cambridge the lights shifted, roughly half-way through the test, from their off-peak schedule to their afternoon-traffic schedule, whi

  • A. SignalGuru can detect the status of traffic lights with accuracy
  • B. Traffic lights in Cambridge work better than those in Singapore
  • C. Drivers in Singapore follow traffic rules better than those in Cambridge
  • D. Traffic lights in Cambridge are more adaptive in off-peak hour
标记 纠错
20.

Passage 1

Traffic lights are crucial tools for regulating traffic flow. They are not, however, perfect.

Drivers exchange the gridlock that would happen at unmanaged junctions for a pattern of stop-go movement that can still be frustrating, and which burns more fuel than a smooth passage would.

Creating such a smooth passage means adjusting a vehicle′s speed so that it always arrives at the lights when they are green. That is theoretically possible, but practically hard. Roadside signs wired to traffic lights may help, but they have not been widely deployed. Now scientists have an idea that could make the process cheaper and more effective. Instead of a hardwired network of signs, they propose to use mobile-phone apps.

For a driver to benefit, he must load a special software, dubbed SignalGuru, into his phone and then mount it on a special bracket attached to the inside of his car′s windscreen, with the camera lens pointing forwards. SignalGuru is designed to detect traffic lights and track their status as red,amber or green. It broadcasts this information to other phones in the area that are fitted with the same software, and--if there are enough of them--the phones thus each know the status of most of the lights around town. Using this information, SignalGuru is able to calculate the traffic-light schedule for the region and suggest the speed at which a driver should travel in order to avoid running into red lights.

Tests in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where five drivers were asked to follow the same route for three hours, and in Singapore, where eight drivers were asked to follow one of two routes for 30 minutes, revealed that SignalGuru was capable of predicting traffic-light activity with an accuracy of 98.2% and 96.3% respectively, in the two cities. This was particularly impressive because in Cambridge the lights shifted, roughly half-way through the test, from their off-peak schedule to their afternoon-traffic schedule, whi

  • A. Traffic lights turn out to be not perfect all the time
  • B. Phones with SignalGuru can be a great aid to drivers
  • C. Drivers are often struck at unmanaged junctions
  • D. Cities in the developed countries need SignalGuru badly
标记 纠错
21.

Passage 2

Consumers are being confused and misled by the hodge-podge (大杂烩) of environmental claims made by household products, according to a "green labeling" study published by Consumers International Friday.

Among the report′s more outrageous (令人无法容忍的) findings, a German fertilizer described itself as "earthworm friendly" a brand of flour said it was "non-polluting" and a British toilet paper claimed to be "environmentally friendlier".

The study was written and researched by Britain′s National Consumer Council (NCC) for lobby group Consumer International.It was funded by the German and Dutch governments and the European Commission.

"While many good and useful claims are being made, it is clear there is a long way to go in ensuring shoppers are adequately informed about the environmental impact of products they buy,"said Consumers International director Anna Fielder.

The 10-country study surveyed product packaging in Britain.Western Europe, Scandinavia and the United States.It found that products sold in Germany and the United Kingdom made the most environmental claims on average.

The report focused on claims made by specific products, such as detergent (洗涤剂 ) insect sprays and by some garden products.It did not test the claims, but compared them to labeling guidelines set by the International Standards Organization (ISO) in September,1999.

Researchers documented claims of environmental friendliness made by about 2,000 products and found many too vague or too misleading to meet ISO standards.

"Many products had specially-designed labels to make them seem environmentally friendly, but in fact many of these symbols mean nothing," said report researcher Philip Page.

"Laundry detergents made the most number of claims with 158.Household cleaners were second with 145 separate claims, while paints were third on our list with 73.The high numbers show how very confusing it must be for consumers to sort the t

  • A. all the products surveyed claim to meet ISO standards
  • B. the claims made by products are often unclear or deceiving
  • C. consumers would believe many of the manufactures' claims
  • D. few products actually prove to be environment friendly
标记 纠错
22.

Passage 2

Consumers are being confused and misled by the hodge-podge (大杂烩) of environmental claims made by household products, according to a "green labeling" study published by Consumers International Friday.

Among the report′s more outrageous (令人无法容忍的) findings, a German fertilizer described itself as "earthworm friendly" a brand of flour said it was "non-polluting" and a British toilet paper claimed to be "environmentally friendlier".

The study was written and researched by Britain′s National Consumer Council (NCC) for lobby group Consumer International.It was funded by the German and Dutch governments and the European Commission.

"While many good and useful claims are being made, it is clear there is a long way to go in ensuring shoppers are adequately informed about the environmental impact of products they buy,"said Consumers International director Anna Fielder.

The 10-country study surveyed product packaging in Britain.Western Europe, Scandinavia and the United States.It found that products sold in Germany and the United Kingdom made the most environmental claims on average.

The report focused on claims made by specific products, such as detergent (洗涤剂 ) insect sprays and by some garden products.It did not test the claims, but compared them to labeling guidelines set by the International Standards Organization (ISO) in September,1999.

Researchers documented claims of environmental friendliness made by about 2,000 products and found many too vague or too misleading to meet ISO standards.

"Many products had specially-designed labels to make them seem environmentally friendly, but in fact many of these symbols mean nothing," said report researcher Philip Page.

"Laundry detergents made the most number of claims with 158.Household cleaners were second with 145 separate claims, while paints were third on our list with 73.The high numbers show how very confusing it must be for consumers to sort the t

  • A. are becoming more cautious about the products they are going to buy
  • B. are still not willing to pay more for products with green labeling
  • C. are becoming more aware of the effects different products have on the environment
  • D. still do not know the exact impact of different products on the environment
标记 纠错
23.

Passage 2

Consumers are being confused and misled by the hodge-podge (大杂烩) of environmental claims made by household products, according to a "green labeling" study published by Consumers International Friday.

Among the report′s more outrageous (令人无法容忍的) findings, a German fertilizer described itself as "earthworm friendly" a brand of flour said it was "non-polluting" and a British toilet paper claimed to be "environmentally friendlier".

The study was written and researched by Britain′s National Consumer Council (NCC) for lobby group Consumer International.It was funded by the German and Dutch governments and the European Commission.

"While many good and useful claims are being made, it is clear there is a long way to go in ensuring shoppers are adequately informed about the environmental impact of products they buy,"said Consumers International director Anna Fielder.

The 10-country study surveyed product packaging in Britain.Western Europe, Scandinavia and the United States.It found that products sold in Germany and the United Kingdom made the most environmental claims on average.

The report focused on claims made by specific products, such as detergent (洗涤剂 ) insect sprays and by some garden products.It did not test the claims, but compared them to labeling guidelines set by the International Standards Organization (ISO) in September,1999.

Researchers documented claims of environmental friendliness made by about 2,000 products and found many too vague or too misleading to meet ISO standards.

"Many products had specially-designed labels to make them seem environmentally friendly, but in fact many of these symbols mean nothing," said report researcher Philip Page.

"Laundry detergents made the most number of claims with 158.Household cleaners were second with 145 separate claims, while paints were third on our list with 73.The high numbers show how very confusing it must be for consumers to sort the t

  • A. find out how many claims made by products fail to meet environmental standards
  • B. inform the consumers of the environmental impact of the products they buy
  • C. examine claims made by products against ISO standards
  • D. revise the guidelines set by the International Standards Organization
标记 纠错
24.

Passage 2

Consumers are being confused and misled by the hodge-podge (大杂烩) of environmental claims made by household products, according to a "green labeling" study published by Consumers International Friday.

Among the report′s more outrageous (令人无法容忍的) findings, a German fertilizer described itself as "earthworm friendly" a brand of flour said it was "non-polluting" and a British toilet paper claimed to be "environmentally friendlier".

The study was written and researched by Britain′s National Consumer Council (NCC) for lobby group Consumer International.It was funded by the German and Dutch governments and the European Commission.

"While many good and useful claims are being made, it is clear there is a long way to go in ensuring shoppers are adequately informed about the environmental impact of products they buy,"said Consumers International director Anna Fielder.

The 10-country study surveyed product packaging in Britain.Western Europe, Scandinavia and the United States.It found that products sold in Germany and the United Kingdom made the most environmental claims on average.

The report focused on claims made by specific products, such as detergent (洗涤剂 ) insect sprays and by some garden products.It did not test the claims, but compared them to labeling guidelines set by the International Standards Organization (ISO) in September,1999.

Researchers documented claims of environmental friendliness made by about 2,000 products and found many too vague or too misleading to meet ISO standards.

"Many products had specially-designed labels to make them seem environmentally friendly, but in fact many of these symbols mean nothing," said report researcher Philip Page.

"Laundry detergents made the most number of claims with 158.Household cleaners were second with 145 separate claims, while paints were third on our list with 73.The high numbers show how very confusing it must be for consumers to sort the t

  • A. They are likely to lead to serious environmental problems
  • B. Consumers find it difficult to tell the true from the false
  • C. They could arouse widespread anger among consumer
  • D. Consumers will be tempted to buy products they don' t need
标记 纠错
25.

Passage 2

Consumers are being confused and misled by the hodge-podge (大杂烩) of environmental claims made by household products, according to a "green labeling" study published by Consumers International Friday.

Among the report′s more outrageous (令人无法容忍的) findings, a German fertilizer described itself as "earthworm friendly" a brand of flour said it was "non-polluting" and a British toilet paper claimed to be "environmentally friendlier".

The study was written and researched by Britain′s National Consumer Council (NCC) for lobby group Consumer International.It was funded by the German and Dutch governments and the European Commission.

"While many good and useful claims are being made, it is clear there is a long way to go in ensuring shoppers are adequately informed about the environmental impact of products they buy,"said Consumers International director Anna Fielder.

The 10-country study surveyed product packaging in Britain.Western Europe, Scandinavia and the United States.It found that products sold in Germany and the United Kingdom made the most environmental claims on average.

The report focused on claims made by specific products, such as detergent (洗涤剂 ) insect sprays and by some garden products.It did not test the claims, but compared them to labeling guidelines set by the International Standards Organization (ISO) in September,1999.

Researchers documented claims of environmental friendliness made by about 2,000 products and found many too vague or too misleading to meet ISO standards.

"Many products had specially-designed labels to make them seem environmentally friendly, but in fact many of these symbols mean nothing," said report researcher Philip Page.

"Laundry detergents made the most number of claims with 158.Household cleaners were second with 145 separate claims, while paints were third on our list with 73.The high numbers show how very confusing it must be for consumers to sort the t

  • A. make product labeling satisfy ISO requirements
  • B. see all household products meet environmental standards
  • C. warn consumers of the danger of so-called green products
  • D. verify the efforts of non-polluting products
标记 纠错
26.

Passage 2

Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.

Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. To accurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.

But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren′t exclusive to the interpersonal realm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we′re doing. Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.

Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face (one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases--or hire outside screeners.

John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly "thin slice" information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in"thick sliced" long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a much longer evaluation: two days, not two seconds.

Our ability to mute our hard-wired reaction

  • A. vary according to the urgency of the situation
  • B. prove the complexity of our brain reaction
  • C. depend on the importance of the assessment
  • D. predetermine the accuracy of our judgment
标记 纠错
27.

Passage 2

Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.

Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. To accurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.

But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren′t exclusive to the interpersonal realm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we′re doing. Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.

Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face (one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases--or hire outside screeners.

John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly "thin slice" information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in"thick sliced" long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a much longer evaluation: two days, not two seconds.

Our ability to mute our hard-wired reaction

  • A. can be associative
  • B. are not unconscious
  • C. can be dangerous
  • D. are not impulsive
标记 纠错
28.

Passage 2

Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.

Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. To accurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.

But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren′t exclusive to the interpersonal realm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we′re doing. Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.

Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face (one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases--or hire outside screeners.

John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly "thin slice" information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in"thick sliced" long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a much longer evaluation: two days, not two seconds.

Our ability to mute our hard-wired reaction

  • A. trust our first impression
  • B. do as people usually do
  • C. think before we act
  • D. ask for expert advice
标记 纠错
29.

Passage 2

Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.

Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. To accurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.

But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren′t exclusive to the interpersonal realm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we′re doing. Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.

Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face (one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases--or hire outside screeners.

John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly "thin slice" information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in"thick sliced" long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a much longer evaluation: two days, not two seconds.

Our ability to mute our hard-wired reaction

  • A. critical assessment
  • B. "thin sliced" study
  • C. sensible explanation
  • D. adequate information
标记 纠错
30.

Passage 2

Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.

Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. To accurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.

But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren′t exclusive to the interpersonal realm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we′re doing. Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.

Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face (one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases--or hire outside screeners.

John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly "thin slice" information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in"thick sliced" long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a much longer evaluation: two days, not two seconds.

Our ability to mute our hard-wired reaction

  • A. tolerant
  • B. uncertain
  • C. optimistic
  • D. doubtful
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问答题 (共3题,共3分)
31.

根据题目要求完成下列任务,用中文作答。

教师在语音教学中应当遵循哪些原则?简述三种训练学生各个音素的发音的方法,并举例说明。

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32.

根据题目要求完成下列任务。用中文作答。

下面是某初中课堂实录的教学片段。

T: Ok! Next, let′s read the text and choose the best heading for each paragraph. Read the passage and choose the best heading for each paragraph.

(5 minutes later)

T: Now, who can show us the answer?

S1: B, A, C,F, E.

T: You are clever, but, do you have any other ideas for Paragraph 3?

S1: Oh sorry, It′ s D.

T: Excellent! Now we have known the main meaning of each paragraph. This time let′s read each paragraph carefully. Then, make a group discussion and try to fill in the form.10 minutes please.

(10 minutes later.)

T: Time is up. Which group wants to show your form to us? Ok, Group 1.

S2: ...

T: Well done. Do you agree with them?

Ss: Yes!

T: Ok, very good.

根据上面的信息,从下面三个方面作答:

(1)分析该教师的教学目标。(10分)

(2)该教学片段属于教学中的哪个环节?请评析教师在该片段中是如何实现其教学目标的。(10分)

(3)请评析该教师的反馈方式。(10分)

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33.

根据提供的信息和语言素材设计教学方案,用英文作答。

设计任务:请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材,设计20分钟的英语听力教学方案。

该方案没有固定格式,但须包含下列要点:

?teaching objectives

? teaching contents

? key and difficult points

? major steps and time allocation

? activities and justifications

教学时间:20分钟

学生概况:本班为中等城市普通学校初中一年级(七年级)学生,班级人数45人,多数学生已经达到《义务教育英语课程标准(2011年版)》二级水平。学生能够积极参与课堂活动,合作意识较强。

语言素材:

A: How much is the hat?

B: The hat is six dollars.

A: And how much are the shorts?

B: Oh, they′re eight dollars.

A: And the sweater? How much is the sweater?

B: Let′s see. The sweater is nine dollars.

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