2021银行综合押题密卷8

It is not rare in（　　）that people in（　　）fifties are going to the university for further education.

After the exploration the army got the building（　　）and the（　　）area was also cut off from the outside.

（　　）in computer technology are allowing users to reach into any part of the world by just clicking a mouse.

The（　　）tough training given by our company creates strong and able sales representatives who perform well above others in the same field.

—“Is there（　　）here?”

—“No,Bob and Tim have asked for leave.”

The orphanage is just one of her（　　）causes.

After the storm,the lake returned to its usual（　　）state.

After a long and difficult strike,the plant workers will show up to work______Monday.

Golf Weekly is a newly published magazine that caters______to experienced and inexperienced golfers who are just learning to play the game.

The company's profits are______to hit their peak in the next quarter mainly due to the release of its new line of clothing.

Your natural hair color begins to fade（　　）you grow older,and in time you grow grey.

—Could you take a message for Mr Brown?

—Certainly.I（　　）him about something else in any case.So it（　　）any bother.

The foreign friends you referred to（　　）looking forward to（　　）around our university.

Buses have routes.They（　　）and（　　）people at different places on the routes.

Susan made（　　）clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.

Prior（　　）his departure,he addressed a letter to his daughter.

（　　）is no reason for discharging her.

The accounting team uses an advanced spreadsheet software program to list company（　　）by department.

I was extremely exhausted when I got home from work,but a half hour nap（　　）me.

All（　　）is a continuous supply of fuel oil.

The project will not be finished on schedule if time is not effectively（　　）.

She told us that classification is a useful（　　）to the organization of all kinds of knowledge.

The special deal offered by our supplier will last only for a（　　）time.

Our new product will be put through a number of（　　）tests before being released to the public.

—Why didn't you join us last night?

—I（　　）the close game of CBA final between Bayi and Guangdong.

It's too（　　）to do the bungee jumping from the cliff.

Tom!You（　　）on the phone just now,but you（　　）in.

He didn’t tell the truth.That reason could not（　　）his absence from school.

下列属于消费信用的是（　　）。

下列指标中不属于银行管理结构指标的为（　　）。

《商业银行法》规定了商业银行的经营原则，即商业银行以安全性、流动性、效益型为经营原则以及实行“四自”，其中“四自”中不包括（　　）。

根据我国《反洗钱法》及中国人民银行的规定，银行等金融机构在反洗钱方面承担的相关义务不包括（　　）。

中国人民银行早在2004年已经完全放开金融机构人民币贷款利率上限，商业银行可自主根据企业和具体业务风险状况进行定价，但是并不意味着金融借款利率不受任何限制。金融机构利率是指（　　）。

证券发行是指证券发行人以筹集资金为目的，在证券发行市场依法向投资者以同一条件出售证券的行为。证券发行分为公开发行和非公开发行。如果某机构发行者将证券面向少数特定的投资者发行的方式称为（　　）。

货币形式亦称“货币价值形式”它是固定地由充当一般等价物的特殊商品来表现其他所有商品价值的价值形式，它发展最原始的形式为（　　）。

货币供应量是一国在某时期内为社会经济运转服务的货币存量，它由包括中央银行在内的金融机构供应的存款货币和现金货币两部分构成。中央银行在公开市场上买卖有价证券，最直接影响（　　），从而影响货币供应量。

认为利率纯粹是一种货币现象，利率水平由货币供给与货币需求的均衡点决定的理论是（　　）。

由于挤兑风波导致商业银行倒闭的风险属于（　　）。

下列说法中，不属于中央银行存款准备金政策优点的是（　　）。

转让票据权利的票据行为是（　　）。

下列筹资方式中属于混合筹资方式的是（　　）。

某投资项目原始总投资额为90万元，项目寿命10年，已知该项目第10年的经营现金净流量为20万元，期满处置该固定资产的残值收入和回收流动资金共5万元，则该项目第10年的净现金流量为（　　）万元。

使用“5C”系统评估顾客的信用标准时，首要考虑的因素是（　　）。

下列各项中不会引起其他货币资金发生变动的是（　　）。

使预算约束线在保持斜率不变的条件下作远离原点运动的是（　　）。

如果连续地增加某种生产要素，在总产量达到最大时，边际产量曲线（　　）。

已知某种商品的市场需求函数为D=30-P，市场供给函数为S=3P-10，如果对该厂商实行减税，则减税后的市场均衡价格（　　）。

下列产品中，能够计入当年GDP的是（　　）。

减少所得税的财政政策，对利率的影响（　　），对消费的影响（　　）对投资的影响（　　），对GDP的影响（　　）。

船只利用声纳侦测鱼的踪迹，主要是利用声波的（　　）。

长江以南的广大丘陵地区，分布着一种在当地高温多雨下发育而成的土壤，叫（　　）这种土壤含铁、铝成分较多，有机质少，酸性强，土质黏重。

语音网关类似于普通的电脑交换机，下列哪一项不是语音网关的电话业务（　　）。

CPU处理数据的运作原理可以分为提取、解码、执行和（　　）四个阶段。

当人静止地站在斜坡式电梯上随电梯一起向上运动时（手与电梯不接触），下列表述准确的是（　　）。

白居易在登上庐山时写下：“人间四月芳菲尽，山寺桃花始盛开”。产生诗中景象的原因是（　　）。

四大洋面积从大到小的排列顺序是（　　）。

下列关于我国地理常识的说法，正确的是（　　）

根据我国《合同法》的规定，存在下列（　　）情形的合同，当事人一方有权请求人民法院或者仲裁机构撤销合同。

甲出资100万、乙出资200万、丙出资400万作为股东，共同成立了丁有限责任公司。下列说法中正确的是（　　）。

北京时间2019年2月10日，中国选手（　　）在起跑出现了失误的情况下跑出了7秒63，夺下了美国Don Kirby邀请赛男子60米栏冠军，并创造了本赛季亚洲男子60米栏的最好成绩。

喀斯特地貌，是具有溶蚀力的水对可溶性岩石进行溶蚀作用等所形成的地表和地下形态的总称。以下景观不属于喀斯特地貌的是（　　）。

联合国大会将每年的（　　）定为“妇女和女童参与科学国际日”，今年的主题是“投资妇女和女童参与科学，促进包容性绿色增长”。

甲做生意急需用钱，并与乙约定，乙借给甲10万元，甲将收藏的一件古董交给乙，若一年后如期还钱，乙就归还古董；若一年后未如期还钱，乙就出卖古董抵债。对此，甲与乙的关系属于（　　）。

从网络购买的以下商品，消费者有权自收到商品7日内退货的是（　　）。

下列说法错误的是（　　）。

If English means endless new words，difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation，you are wrong.Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language?

According to a new study by a British university，learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power，Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter.This is the area of the brain which processes information.It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.

The study also found the effect is greater，the younger people learn a second language.

A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli，from University College London，took a group of Britons who only spoke English.They were compared with a group of“early bilinguals”who had learnt a second language before the age of five，as well as a number of later learners.

Scans showed that grey matter density（密度）in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language.But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language，the smaller the difference.

“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language，”said the scientists.

It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.

Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills.“Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible，”he said.“You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”

The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34.Reading，writing，and comprehension were all tested.The results showed，that the younger they started to learn，the better.“Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world，”explained the scientists.

The main subject talked about in this passage is（　　）.

If English means endless new words，difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation，you are wrong.Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language?

According to a new study by a British university，learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power，Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter.This is the area of the brain which processes information.It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.

The study also found the effect is greater，the younger people learn a second language.

A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli，from University College London，took a group of Britons who only spoke English.They were compared with a group of“early bilinguals”who had learnt a second language before the age of five，as well as a number of later learners.

Scans showed that grey matter density（密度）in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language.But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language，the smaller the difference.

“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language，”said the scientists.

It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.

Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills.“Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible，”he said.“You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”

The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34.Reading，writing，and comprehension were all tested.The results showed，that the younger they started to learn，the better.“Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world，”explained the scientists.

In the second paragraph，the writer mentions“exercise”in order to（　　）.

If English means endless new words，difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation，you are wrong.Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language?

According to a new study by a British university，learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power，Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter.This is the area of the brain which processes information.It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.

The study also found the effect is greater，the younger people learn a second language.

A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli，from University College London，took a group of Britons who only spoke English.They were compared with a group of“early bilinguals”who had learnt a second language before the age of five，as well as a number of later learners.

Scans showed that grey matter density（密度）in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language.But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language，the smaller the difference.

“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language，”said the scientists.

It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.

Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills.“Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible，”he said.“You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”

The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34.Reading，writing，and comprehension were all tested.The results showed，that the younger they started to learn，the better.“Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world，”explained the scientists.

The underlined word“bilinguals”in Paragraph 4 probably means（　　）.

If English means endless new words，difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation，you are wrong.Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language?

According to a new study by a British university，learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power，Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter.This is the area of the brain which processes information.It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.

The study also found the effect is greater，the younger people learn a second language.

A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli，from University College London，took a group of Britons who only spoke English.They were compared with a group of“early bilinguals”who had learnt a second language before the age of five，as well as a number of later learners.

Scans showed that grey matter density（密度）in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language.But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language，the smaller the difference.

“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language，”said the scientists.

It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.

Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills.“Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible，”he said.“You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”

The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34.Reading，writing，and comprehension were all tested.The results showed，that the younger they started to learn，the better.“Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world，”explained the scientists.

We may know from the scientific findings that（　　）.

If English means endless new words，difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation，you are wrong.Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language?

According to a new study by a British university，learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power，Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter.This is the area of the brain which processes information.It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.

The study also found the effect is greater，the younger people learn a second language.

A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli，from University College London，took a group of Britons who only spoke English.They were compared with a group of“early bilinguals”who had learnt a second language before the age of five，as well as a number of later learners.

Scans showed that grey matter density（密度）in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language.But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language，the smaller the difference.

“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language，”said the scientists.

It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.

Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills.“Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible，”he said.“You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”

The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34.Reading，writing，and comprehension were all tested.The results showed，that the younger they started to learn，the better.“Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world，”explained the scientists.

In the last two paragraphs，the author wants to tell us that（　　）.

If English means endless new words，difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation，you are wrong.Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language

According to a new study by a British university，learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power，Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter.This is the area of the brain which processes information.It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.

The study also found the effect is greater，the younger people learn a second language.

A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli，from University College London，took a group of Britons who only spoke English.They were compared with a group of“early bilinguals”who had learnt a second language before the age of five，as well as a number of later learners.

Scans showed that grey matter density（密度）in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language.But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language，the smaller the difference.

“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language，”said the scientists.

It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.

Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills.“Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible，”he said.“You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”

The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34.Reading，writing，and comprehension were all tested.The results showed，that the younger they started to learn，the better.“Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world，”explained the scientists.

The“stock market game”mentioned in Paragraph 1 is meant to（　　）.

During her junior year of high school,Diane Ray's teacher handed her a worksheet and instructed the 17-year-old to map out her future financial life.Ray pretended to buy a car,rent an apartment,and apply for a credit card.Then,she and her classmates played the"stock market game",investing（投资）the hypothetical（虚拟的）earnings from their hypothetical jobs in the market in the disastrous fall of 2008."Our pretend investments crashed,"Ray says,still frightened."We got to know how it felt to lose money."

That pain of earning and losing money is a feeling that public schools increasingly want to teach.Forty states now offer some type of financial instruction at the high-school level,teaching students how to balance checkbooks and buy stock in math and social-studies classes.Though it's too early to measure the full influence of the Great Recession（大萧条）,the interest in personal-finance classes has risen since 2007 when bank failures started to occur regularly.Now,many states including Missouri,Utah,and Tennessee require teenagers to take financial classes to graduate from high school.School districts such as Chicago are encouraging money-management classes for kids as young as primary school,and about 300 colleges or universities now offer online personal-finance classes for incoming students."These classes really say,'This is how you live independently,'"says Ted Beck,president of National Endowment for Financial Education.

Rather than teach investment methods or financial skills,these courses offer a back-to-the-basics approach to handling money:Don't spend what you don't have.Put part of your monthly salary into a savings account,and invest in the stock market for the long-term rather than short-term gains.For Ray,this means dividing her earnings from her part-time job at a fast-food restaurant into separate envelopes for paying bills,spending and saving."Money is so hard to make but so easy to spend,"she says one weekday after school."That is the big takeaway."

Teaching kids about the value of cash certainly is one of the programs'goals,but teachers also want students to think hard about their finances long term.It's easy for teenagers to get annoyed about gas prices because many of them drive cars.But the hard part is urging them to put off the instant satisfaction of buying a new T-shirt or an iPod."Investing and retirement aren't things teenagers are thinking about.For them,the future is this weekend,"says Gayle Whitefield,a business and marketing teacher at Uth’s Riverton High School.

That’s a big goal for these classes:preventing kids from making the same financial missteps their parents did when it comes to saving,spending,and debt.Though the personal savings rate has increased up to 4.2 percent,that’s still a far distance from 1982,when Americans saved 11.2 percent of their incomes.“It’s hard for schools to reach strict money-management skills when teenagers go home and watch their parents increase credit-card debt.It’s like telling your kids not to smoke and then lighting up a cigarette in front of them,”Beck says.

Even with these challenges,students such as Ray say learning about money in school is worthwhile.After Ray finished her financial class,she opened up a savings account at her local bank and started to think more about how she and her family would pay for college.“She just has a better understanding of money and how it affects the world,”says her mother,Darleen－and that’s sown to the details of how money is spent from daily expenses to various taxes.All of this talk of money can make Ray worry,she says,but luckily,she feels prepared to face it.

36.The“stock market game”mentioned in Paragraph 1 is meant to（　　）.

A introduce a new course to students

B help students learn about investment

C teach how to apply for a credit card

D encourage students’personal savings

How does the writer show us that schools’interest in teaching financial classes has increased in paragraph 2?

During her junior year of high school,Diane Ray's teacher handed her a worksheet and instructed the 17-year-old to map out her future financial life.Ray pretended to buy a car,rent an apartment,and apply for a credit card.Then,she and her classmates played the"stock market game",investing（投资）the hypothetical（虚拟的）earnings from their hypothetical jobs in the market in the disastrous fall of 2008."Our pretend investments crashed,"Ray says,still frightened."We got to know how it felt to lose money."

That pain of earning and losing money is a feeling that public schools increasingly want to teach.Forty states now offer some type of financial instruction at the high-school level,teaching students how to balance checkbooks and buy stock in math and social-studies classes.Though it's too early to measure the full influence of the Great Recession（大萧条）,the interest in personal-finance classes has risen since 2007 when bank failures started to occur regularly.Now,many states including Missouri,Utah,and Tennessee require teenagers to take financial classes to graduate from high school.School districts such as Chicago are encouraging money-management classes for kids as young as primary school,and about 300 colleges or universities now offer online personal-finance classes for incoming students."These classes really say,'This is how you live independently,'"says Ted Beck,president of National Endowment for Financial Education.

Rather than teach investment methods or financial skills,these courses offer a back-to-the-basics approach to handling money:Don't spend what you don't have.Put part of your monthly salary into a savings account,and invest in the stock market for the long-term rather than short-term gains.For Ray,this means dividing her earnings from her part-time job at a fast-food restaurant into separate envelopes for paying bills,spending and saving."Money is so hard to make but so easy to spend,"she says one weekday after school."That is the big takeaway."

Teaching kids about the value of cash certainly is one of the programs'goals,but teachers also want students to think hard about their finances long term.It's easy for teenagers to get annoyed about gas prices because many of them drive cars.But the hard part is urging them to put off the instant satisfaction of buying a new T-shirt or an iPod."Investing and retirement aren't things teenagers are thinking about.For them,the future is this weekend,"says Gayle Whitefield,a business and marketing teacher at Uth’s Riverton High School.

That’s a big goal for these classes:preventing kids from making the same financial missteps their parents did when it comes to saving,spending,and debt.Though the personal savings rate has increased up to 4.2 percent,that’s still a far distance from 1982,when Americans saved 11.2 percent of their incomes.“It’s hard for schools to reach strict money-management skills when teenagers go home and watch their parents increase credit-card debt.It’s like telling your kids not to smoke and then lighting up a cigarette in front of them,”Beck says.

Even with these challenges,students such as Ray say learning about money in school is worthwhile.After Ray finished her financial class,she opened up a savings account at her local bank and started to think more about how she and her family would pay for college.“She just has a better understanding of money and how it affects the world,”says her mother,Darleen－and that’s sown to the details of how money is spent from daily expenses to various taxes.All of this talk of money can make Ray worry,she says,but luckily,she feels prepared to face it.

36.The“stock market game”mentioned in Paragraph 1 is meant to（　　）.

A introduce a new course to students

B help students learn about investment

C teach how to apply for a credit card

D encourage students’personal savings

According to the passage,taking money-management courses will（　　）.

During her junior year of high school,Diane Ray's teacher handed her a worksheet and instructed the 17-year-old to map out her future financial life.Ray pretended to buy a car,rent an apartment,and apply for a credit card.Then,she and her classmates played the"stock market game",investing（投资）the hypothetical（虚拟的）earnings from their hypothetical jobs in the market in the disastrous fall of 2008."Our pretend investments crashed,"Ray says,still frightened."We got to know how it felt to lose money."

That pain of earning and losing money is a feeling that public schools increasingly want to teach.Forty states now offer some type of financial instruction at the high-school level,teaching students how to balance checkbooks and buy stock in math and social-studies classes.Though it's too early to measure the full influence of the Great Recession（大萧条）,the interest in personal-finance classes has risen since 2007 when bank failures started to occur regularly.Now,many states including Missouri,Utah,and Tennessee require teenagers to take financial classes to graduate from high school.School districts such as Chicago are encouraging money-management classes for kids as young as primary school,and about 300 colleges or universities now offer online personal-finance classes for incoming students."These classes really say,'This is how you live independently,'"says Ted Beck,president of National Endowment for Financial Education.

Rather than teach investment methods or financial skills,these courses offer a back-to-the-basics approach to handling money:Don't spend what you don't have.Put part of your monthly salary into a savings account,and invest in the stock market for the long-term rather than short-term gains.For Ray,this means dividing her earnings from her part-time job at a fast-food restaurant into separate envelopes for paying bills,spending and saving."Money is so hard to make but so easy to spend,"she says one weekday after school."That is the big takeaway."

Teaching kids about the value of cash certainly is one of the programs'goals,but teachers also want students to think hard about their finances long term.It's easy for teenagers to get annoyed about gas prices because many of them drive cars.But the hard part is urging them to put off the instant satisfaction of buying a new T-shirt or an iPod."Investing and retirement aren't things teenagers are thinking about.For them,the future is this weekend,"says Gayle Whitefield,a business and marketing teacher at Uth’s Riverton High School.

That’s a big goal for these classes:preventing kids from making the same financial missteps their parents did when it comes to saving,spending,and debt.Though the personal savings rate has increased up to 4.2 percent,that’s still a far distance from 1982,when Americans saved 11.2 percent of their incomes.“It’s hard for schools to reach strict money-management skills when teenagers go home and watch their parents increase credit-card debt.It’s like telling your kids not to smoke and then lighting up a cigarette in front of them,”Beck says.

Even with these challenges,students such as Ray say learning about money in school is worthwhile.After Ray finished her financial class,she opened up a savings account at her local bank and started to think more about how she and her family would pay for college.“She just has a better understanding of money and how it affects the world,”says her mother,Darleen－and that’s sown to the details of how money is spent from daily expenses to various taxes.All of this talk of money can make Ray worry,she says,but luckily,she feels prepared to face it.

36.The“stock market game”mentioned in Paragraph 1 is meant to（　　）.

A introduce a new course to students

B help students learn about investment

C teach how to apply for a credit card

D encourage students’personal savings

After completing the financial class,Diane Ray is likely to（　　）.

During her junior year of high school,Diane Ray's teacher handed her a worksheet and instructed the 17-year-old to map out her future financial life.Ray pretended to buy a car,rent an apartment,and apply for a credit card.Then,she and her classmates played the"stock market game",investing（投资）the hypothetical（虚拟的）earnings from their hypothetical jobs in the market in the disastrous fall of 2008."Our pretend investments crashed,"Ray says,still frightened."We got to know how it felt to lose money."

That pain of earning and losing money is a feeling that public schools increasingly want to teach.Forty states now offer some type of financial instruction at the high-school level,teaching students how to balance checkbooks and buy stock in math and social-studies classes.Though it's too early to measure the full influence of the Great Recession（大萧条）,the interest in personal-finance classes has risen since 2007 when bank failures started to occur regularly.Now,many states including Missouri,Utah,and Tennessee require teenagers to take financial classes to graduate from high school.School districts such as Chicago are encouraging money-management classes for kids as young as primary school,and about 300 colleges or universities now offer online personal-finance classes for incoming students."These classes really say,'This is how you live independently,'"says Ted Beck,president of National Endowment for Financial Education.

Rather than teach investment methods or financial skills,these courses offer a back-to-the-basics approach to handling money:Don't spend what you don't have.Put part of your monthly salary into a savings account,and invest in the stock market for the long-term rather than short-term gains.For Ray,this means dividing her earnings from her part-time job at a fast-food restaurant into separate envelopes for paying bills,spending and saving."Money is so hard to make but so easy to spend,"she says one weekday after school."That is the big takeaway."

Teaching kids about the value of cash certainly is one of the programs'goals,but teachers also want students to think hard about their finances long term.It's easy for teenagers to get annoyed about gas prices because many of them drive cars.But the hard part is urging them to put off the instant satisfaction of buying a new T-shirt or an iPod."Investing and retirement aren't things teenagers are thinking about.For them,the future is this weekend,"says Gayle Whitefield,a business and marketing teacher at Uth’s Riverton High School.

That’s a big goal for these classes:preventing kids from making the same financial missteps their parents did when it comes to saving,spending,and debt.Though the personal savings rate has increased up to 4.2 percent,that’s still a far distance from 1982,when Americans saved 11.2 percent of their incomes.“It’s hard for schools to reach strict money-management skills when teenagers go home and watch their parents increase credit-card debt.It’s like telling your kids not to smoke and then lighting up a cigarette in front of them,”Beck says.

Even with these challenges,students such as Ray say learning about money in school is worthwhile.After Ray finished her financial class,she opened up a savings account at her local bank and started to think more about how she and her family would pay for college.“She just has a better understanding of money and how it affects the world,”says her mother,Darleen－and that’s sown to the details of how money is spent from daily expenses to various taxes.All of this talk of money can make Ray worry,she says,but luckily,she feels prepared to face it.

36.The“stock market game”mentioned in Paragraph 1 is meant to（　　）.

A introduce a new course to students

B help students learn about investment

C teach how to apply for a credit card

D encourage students’personal savings

The passage is mainly about（　　）.

Luo Jingyu,19,has four years of experience of running business.He is also a freshman in the arts department of Hubei University.

Luo Jingyu is from an ordinary family.He said,“My parents told me if I wanted something，I should make an effort to get it,so I earned pocket money by doing housework when I was little.”The dream of running his own business grew in his heart.He said,“I want to be a successful person,like Alibaba’s Ma Yun.”

When Luo was a junior student,he had the idea of selling lanterns when he saw many people flying Chinese lanterns in a square.Luo bought some lanterns from a store,but the sales were not as good as he had expected.Then he found another way to do business.He bought lanterns on the Internet at a very low price.Finally,he easily made 5,000 yuan in two days.

With a happy beginning,Luo planned to open a dress shop.“My parents didn’t support me opening a dress shop,so I had to borrow 120,000 yuan for it.”Although he did market research before starting,the business wasn’t very good because his taste in fashion wasn’t accepted by customers.The shop eventually closed down after half a year.

After experiencing a big loss,he decided to do something he was familiar with---selling painting tools.As a fine arts student,he knew the market.He convinced his friends to invest one million yuan in his shop.With a good business mind and a lot of effort,the sales of the shop reached six million yuan in a year.

Even though Luo is rich,he uses a cheap cell phone and does not wear luxury clothes.He has a simple lifestyle.“It isn’t easy to make money,so money should be used on something worthwhile,”he said.

We can learn from the second paragraph that Luo’s parents（　　）.

Luo Jingyu,19,has four years of experience of running business.He is also a freshman in the arts department of Hubei University.

Luo Jingyu is from an ordinary family.He said,“My parents told me if I wanted something，I should make an effort to get it,so I earned pocket money by doing housework when I was little.”The dream of running his own business grew in his heart.He said,“I want to be a successful person,like Alibaba’s Ma Yun.”

When Luo was a junior student,he had the idea of selling lanterns when he saw many people flying Chinese lanterns in a square.Luo bought some lanterns from a store,but the sales were not as good as he had expected.Then he found another way to do business.He bought lanterns on the Internet at a very low price.Finally,he easily made 5,000 yuan in two days.

With a happy beginning,Luo planned to open a dress shop.“My parents didn’t support me opening a dress shop,so I had to borrow 120,000 yuan for it.”Although he did market research before starting,the business wasn’t very good because his taste in fashion wasn’t accepted by customers.The shop eventually closed down after half a year.

After experiencing a big loss,he decided to do something he was familiar with---selling painting tools.As a fine arts student,he knew the market.He convinced his friends to invest one million yuan in his shop.With a good business mind and a lot of effort,the sales of the shop reached six million yuan in a year.

Even though Luo is rich,he uses a cheap cell phone and does not wear luxury clothes.He has a simple lifestyle.“It isn’t easy to make money,so money should be used on something worthwhile,”he said.

What is the right time order for the following events?（　　）

a.Luo bought some lanterns from the store.

b.Luo bought some Lanterns on the Internet.

c.Luo began selling painting tools.

d.Luo opened a dress store.

Luo Jingyu,19,has four years of experience of running business.He is also a freshman in the arts department of Hubei University.

Luo Jingyu is from an ordinary family.He said,“My parents told me if I wanted something，I should make an effort to get it,so I earned pocket money by doing housework when I was little.”The dream of running his own business grew in his heart.He said,“I want to be a successful person,like Alibaba’s Ma Yun.”

When Luo was a junior student,he had the idea of selling lanterns when he saw many people flying Chinese lanterns in a square.Luo bought some lanterns from a store,but the sales were not as good as he had expected.Then he found another way to do business.He bought lanterns on the Internet at a very low price.Finally,he easily made 5,000 yuan in two days.

With a happy beginning,Luo planned to open a dress shop.“My parents didn’t support me opening a dress shop,so I had to borrow 120,000 yuan for it.”Although he did market research before starting,the business wasn’t very good because his taste in fashion wasn’t accepted by customers.The shop eventually closed down after half a year.

After experiencing a big loss,he decided to do something he was familiar with---selling painting tools.As a fine arts student,he knew the market.He convinced his friends to invest one million yuan in his shop.With a good business mind and a lot of effort,the sales of the shop reached six million yuan in a year.

Even though Luo is rich,he uses a cheap cell phone and does not wear luxury clothes.He has a simple lifestyle.“It isn’t easy to make money,so money should be used on something worthwhile,”he said.

Why wasn’t the dress shop successful?（　　）

Luo Jingyu,19,has four years of experience of running business.He is also a freshman in the arts department of Hubei University.

Luo Jingyu is from an ordinary family.He said,“My parents told me if I wanted something，I should make an effort to get it,so I earned pocket money by doing housework when I was little.”The dream of running his own business grew in his heart.He said,“I want to be a successful person,like Alibaba’s Ma Yun.”

When Luo was a junior student,he had the idea of selling lanterns when he saw many people flying Chinese lanterns in a square.Luo bought some lanterns from a store,but the sales were not as good as he had expected.Then he found another way to do business.He bought lanterns on the Internet at a very low price.Finally,he easily made 5,000 yuan in two days.

With a happy beginning,Luo planned to open a dress shop.“My parents didn’t support me opening a dress shop,so I had to borrow 120,000 yuan for it.”Although he did market research before starting,the business wasn’t very good because his taste in fashion wasn’t accepted by customers.The shop eventually closed down after half a year.

After experiencing a big loss,he decided to do something he was familiar with---selling painting tools.As a fine arts student,he knew the market.He convinced his friends to invest one million yuan in his shop.With a good business mind and a lot of effort,the sales of the shop reached six million yuan in a year.

Even though Luo is rich,he uses a cheap cell phone and does not wear luxury clothes.He has a simple lifestyle.“It isn’t easy to make money,so money should be used on something worthwhile,”he said.

Which of the following statements is TRUE?（　　）

Luo Jingyu,19,has four years of experience of running business.He is also a freshman in the arts department of Hubei University.

Luo Jingyu is from an ordinary family.He said,“My parents told me if I wanted something，I should make an effort to get it,so I earned pocket money by doing housework when I was little.”The dream of running his own business grew in his heart.He said,“I want to be a successful person,like Alibaba’s Ma Yun.”

When Luo was a junior student,he had the idea of selling lanterns when he saw many people flying Chinese lanterns in a square.Luo bought some lanterns from a store,but the sales were not as good as he had expected.Then he found another way to do business.He bought lanterns on the Internet at a very low price.Finally,he easily made 5,000 yuan in two days.

With a happy beginning,Luo planned to open a dress shop.“My parents didn’t support me opening a dress shop,so I had to borrow 120,000 yuan for it.”Although he did market research before starting,the business wasn’t very good because his taste in fashion wasn’t accepted by customers.The shop eventually closed down after half a year.

After experiencing a big loss,he decided to do something he was familiar with---selling painting tools.As a fine arts student,he knew the market.He convinced his friends to invest one million yuan in his shop.With a good business mind and a lot of effort,the sales of the shop reached six million yuan in a year.

Even though Luo is rich,he uses a cheap cell phone and does not wear luxury clothes.He has a simple lifestyle.“It isn’t easy to make money,so money should be used on something worthwhile,”he said.

Which of the following words can describe Luo best?（　　）

Let's face it.Gardening fanatics like nothing better than to have their hands stuck in the soil or to be trimming,pruning,or harvesting the fruits of their labors.But for once,here is an obsession which benefits the whole community by beautifying the environment and producing cooler,more fragrant,and cleaner air.To recognize that fact,the Tampa City Council has decided to award generous prizes to the most beautiful displays this spring.

RULES OF ENTRY

1.Sorry,but only residents of the City of Tampa are eligible.

2.Judges will be selected by the Tampa City Council on April 25,and no personal information about any judges will be provided by the council.Judges may not be contacted by any entrant.

3.The appointed judges have total discretion,and no correspondence will be entered into regarding judges'decisions.

4.As the main point of this contest is the beautification of Tampa,we require that all gardens entered in the competition be easily visible from the street.

5.Contestants are invited to enter one or more categories.First,second,and third place prizes will be awarded in each category:（See the application form for categories）.Judges may,where they see fit,change entries from one category to another.

6.Contestants should permit a council photographer to enter and take photographs for display at the final awards ceremony and exhibition on August 3.These photographs will remain council property.

7.Judges will assess each garden according to the following criteria:

（i）Overall design

（ii）Plant health

（iii）Color

（iv）Contribution to the streetscape

（v）Eco-friendliness

（See the application form for details.）

8.No entries will be accepted after 5:00 p.m.on Friday,May 12.

9.All gardens entered should be ready for judging by June l.Contestants will be given 24-hours'notice of the judges'intention to visit.

10.This competition is not open to council employees or their relatives,or employees of any agency contracted by the council,or judges or their relatives.

11.Please send your entries to:Tampa Garden Competition

Tampa City Council

1 Constitution Place

Tampa

The Tampa 2006 Beautiful Gardens Competition

Who is the intended audience of this contest?

Let's face it.Gardening fanatics like nothing better than to have their hands stuck in the soil or to be trimming,pruning,or harvesting the fruits of their labors.But for once,here is an obsession which benefits the whole community by beautifying the environment and producing cooler,more fragrant,and cleaner air.To recognize that fact,the Tampa City Council has decided to award generous prizes to the most beautiful displays this spring.

RULES OF ENTRY

1.Sorry,but only residents of the City of Tampa are eligible.

2.Judges will be selected by the Tampa City Council on April 25,and no personal information about any judges will be provided by the council.Judges may not be contacted by any entrant.

3.The appointed judges have total discretion,and no correspondence will be entered into regarding judges'decisions.

4.As the main point of this contest is the beautification of Tampa,we require that all gardens entered in the competition be easily visible from the street.

5.Contestants are invited to enter one or more categories.First,second,and third place prizes will be awarded in each category:（See the application form for categories）.Judges may,where they see fit,change entries from one category to another.

6.Contestants should permit a council photographer to enter and take photographs for display at the final awards ceremony and exhibition on August 3.These photographs will remain council property.

7.Judges will assess each garden according to the following criteria:

（i）Overall design

（ii）Plant health

（iii）Color

（iv）Contribution to the streetscape

（v）Eco-friendliness

（See the application form for details.）

8.No entries will be accepted after 5:00 p.m.on Friday,May 12.

9.All gardens entered should be ready for judging by June l.Contestants will be given 24-hours'notice of the judges'intention to visit.

10.This competition is not open to council employees or their relatives,or employees of any agency contracted by the council,or judges or their relatives.

11.Please send your entries to:Tampa Garden Competition

Tampa City Council

1 Constitution Place

Tampa

The Tampa 2006 Beautiful Gardens Competition

What is the main purpose of this competition?

Let's face it.Gardening fanatics like nothing better than to have their hands stuck in the soil or to be trimming,pruning,or harvesting the fruits of their labors.But for once,here is an obsession which benefits the whole community by beautifying the environment and producing cooler,more fragrant,and cleaner air.To recognize that fact,the Tampa City Council has decided to award generous prizes to the most beautiful displays this spring.

RULES OF ENTRY

1.Sorry,but only residents of the City of Tampa are eligible.

2.Judges will be selected by the Tampa City Council on April 25,and no personal information about any judges will be provided by the council.Judges may not be contacted by any entrant.

3.The appointed judges have total discretion,and no correspondence will be entered into regarding judges'decisions.

4.As the main point of this contest is the beautification of Tampa,we require that all gardens entered in the competition be easily visible from the street.

5.Contestants are invited to enter one or more categories.First,second,and third place prizes will be awarded in each category:（See the application form for categories）.Judges may,where they see fit,change entries from one category to another.

6.Contestants should permit a council photographer to enter and take photographs for display at the final awards ceremony and exhibition on August 3.These photographs will remain council property.

7.Judges will assess each garden according to the following criteria:

（i）Overall design

（ii）Plant health

（iii）Color

（iv）Contribution to the streetscape

（v）Eco-friendliness

（See the application form for details.）

8.No entries will be accepted after 5:00 p.m.on Friday,May 12.

9.All gardens entered should be ready for judging by June l.Contestants will be given 24-hours'notice of the judges'intention to visit.

10.This competition is not open to council employees or their relatives,or employees of any agency contracted by the council,or judges or their relatives.

11.Please send your entries to:Tampa Garden Competition

Tampa City Council

1 Constitution Place

Tampa

The Tampa 2006 Beautiful Gardens Competition

What condition is placed on those who wish to enter the contest?

Let's face it.Gardening fanatics like nothing better than to have their hands stuck in the soil or to be trimming,pruning,or harvesting the fruits of their labors.But for once,here is an obsession which benefits the whole community by beautifying the environment and producing cooler,more fragrant,and cleaner air.To recognize that fact,the Tampa City Council has decided to award generous prizes to the most beautiful displays this spring.

RULES OF ENTRY

1.Sorry,but only residents of the City of Tampa are eligible.

2.Judges will be selected by the Tampa City Council on April 25,and no personal information about any judges will be provided by the council.Judges may not be contacted by any entrant.

3.The appointed judges have total discretion,and no correspondence will be entered into regarding judges'decisions.

4.As the main point of this contest is the beautification of Tampa,we require that all gardens entered in the competition be easily visible from the street.

5.Contestants are invited to enter one or more categories.First,second,and third place prizes will be awarded in each category:（See the application form for categories）.Judges may,where they see fit,change entries from one category to another.

6.Contestants should permit a council photographer to enter and take photographs for display at the final awards ceremony and exhibition on August 3.These photographs will remain council property.

7.Judges will assess each garden according to the following criteria:

（i）Overall design

（ii）Plant health

（iii）Color

（iv）Contribution to the streetscape

（v）Eco-friendliness

（See the application form for details.）

8.No entries will be accepted after 5:00 p.m.on Friday,May 12.

9.All gardens entered should be ready for judging by June l.Contestants will be given 24-hours'notice of the judges'intention to visit.

10.This competition is not open to council employees or their relatives,or employees of any agency contracted by the council,or judges or their relatives.

11.Please send your entries to:Tampa Garden Competition

Tampa City Council

1 Constitution Place

Tampa

The Tampa 2006 Beautiful Gardens Competition

Which of the following will NOT be evaluated by the judges?

Let's face it.Gardening fanatics like nothing better than to have their hands stuck in the soil or to be trimming,pruning,or harvesting the fruits of their labors.But for once,here is an obsession which benefits the whole community by beautifying the environment and producing cooler,more fragrant,and cleaner air.To recognize that fact,the Tampa City Council has decided to award generous prizes to the most beautiful displays this spring.

RULES OF ENTRY

1.Sorry,but only residents of the City of Tampa are eligible.

2.Judges will be selected by the Tampa City Council on April 25,and no personal information about any judges will be provided by the council.Judges may not be contacted by any entrant.

3.The appointed judges have total discretion,and no correspondence will be entered into regarding judges'decisions.

4.As the main point of this contest is the beautification of Tampa,we require that all gardens entered in the competition be easily visible from the street.

5.Contestants are invited to enter one or more categories.First,second,and third place prizes will be awarded in each category:（See the application form for categories）.Judges may,where they see fit,change entries from one category to another.

6.Contestants should permit a council photographer to enter and take photographs for display at the final awards ceremony and exhibition on August 3.These photographs will remain council property.

7.Judges will assess each garden according to the following criteria:

（i）Overall design

（ii）Plant health

（iii）Color

（iv）Contribution to the streetscape

（v）Eco-friendliness

（See the application form for details.）

8.No entries will be accepted after 5:00 p.m.on Friday,May 12.

9.All gardens entered should be ready for judging by June l.Contestants will be given 24-hours'notice of the judges'intention to visit.

10.This competition is not open to council employees or their relatives,or employees of any agency contracted by the council,or judges or their relatives.

11.Please send your entries to:Tampa Garden Competition

Tampa City Council

1 Constitution Place

Tampa

The Tampa 2006 Beautiful Gardens Competition

When will the judging begin?

Two years ago,Rupert Murdoch’s daughter,Elisabeth,spoke of the“unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions”.Integrity had collapsed,she argued,because of a collective acceptance that the only"sorting mechanism"in society should be profit and the market.But"it's us,human beings,we the people who create the society we want,not profit".

Driving her point home,she continued:“It’s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose,of a moral language within government,media or business could become one of the most dangerous goals for capitalism and freedom.”This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International,she thought,making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.

As the hacking trial concludes-finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World,Andy Coulson,for conspiring to hack phones,and finding his predecessor,Rebekah Brooks,innocent of the same charge-the wider issue of dearth of integrity still stands.Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people.This is hacking on an industrial scale,as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire,the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking.Others await trial.This saga still unfolds.

In many respects,the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place.One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom,how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived.The core of her successful defense was that she knew nothing.

In today’s world,it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organizations that they run.Perhaps we should not be so surprised.For a generation,the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit.The words that have mattered are efficiency,flexibility,shareholder value,business-friendly,wealth generation,sales,impact and,in newspapers,circulation.Words degraded to the margin have been justice,fairness,tolerance,proportionality and accountability.

The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding,to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity.It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact.Ms.Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories,but she asked no questions,gave no instructions-nor received traceable,recorded answers.

According to the first two paragraphs,Elisabeth was upset by（　　）.

Two years ago,Rupert Murdoch’s daughter,Elisabeth,spoke of the“unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions”.Integrity had collapsed,she argued,because of a collective acceptance that the only"sorting mechanism"in society should be profit and the market.But"it's us,human beings,we the people who create the society we want,not profit".

Driving her point home,she continued:“It’s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose,of a moral language within government,media or business could become one of the most dangerous goals for capitalism and freedom.”This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International,she thought,making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.

As the hacking trial concludes-finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World,Andy Coulson,for conspiring to hack phones,and finding his predecessor,Rebekah Brooks,innocent of the same charge-the wider issue of dearth of integrity still stands.Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people.This is hacking on an industrial scale,as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire,the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking.Others await trial.This saga still unfolds.

In many respects,the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place.One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom,how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived.The core of her successful defense was that she knew nothing.

In today’s world,it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organizations that they run.Perhaps we should not be so surprised.For a generation,the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit.The words that have mattered are efficiency,flexibility,shareholder value,business-friendly,wealth generation,sales,impact and,in newspapers,circulation.Words degraded to the margin have been justice,fairness,tolerance,proportionality and accountability.

The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding,to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity.It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact.Ms.Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories,but she asked no questions,gave no instructions-nor received traceable,recorded answers.

It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that（　　）.

Two years ago,Rupert Murdoch’s daughter,Elisabeth,spoke of the“unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions”.Integrity had collapsed,she argued,because of a collective acceptance that the only"sorting mechanism"in society should be profit and the market.But"it's us,human beings,we the people who create the society we want,not profit".

Driving her point home,she continued:“It’s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose,of a moral language within government,media or business could become one of the most dangerous goals for capitalism and freedom.”This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International,she thought,making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.

As the hacking trial concludes-finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World,Andy Coulson,for conspiring to hack phones,and finding his predecessor,Rebekah Brooks,innocent of the same charge-the wider issue of dearth of integrity still stands.Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people.This is hacking on an industrial scale,as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire,the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking.Others await trial.This saga still unfolds.

In many respects,the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place.One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom,how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived.The core of her successful defense was that she knew nothing.

In today’s world,it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organizations that they run.Perhaps we should not be so surprised.For a generation,the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit.The words that have mattered are efficiency,flexibility,shareholder value,business-friendly,wealth generation,sales,impact and,in newspapers,circulation.Words degraded to the margin have been justice,fairness,tolerance,proportionality and accountability.

The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding,to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity.It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact.Ms.Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories,but she asked no questions,gave no instructions-nor received traceable,recorded answers.

The author believes that Rebekah Brook’s defense（　　）.

Two years ago,Rupert Murdoch’s daughter,Elisabeth,spoke of the“unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions”.Integrity had collapsed,she argued,because of a collective acceptance that the only"sorting mechanism"in society should be profit and the market.But"it's us,human beings,we the people who create the society we want,not profit".

Driving her point home,she continued:“It’s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose,of a moral language within government,media or business could become one of the most dangerous goals for capitalism and freedom.”This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International,she thought,making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.

As the hacking trial concludes-finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World,Andy Coulson,for conspiring to hack phones,and finding his predecessor,Rebekah Brooks,innocent of the same charge-the wider issue of dearth of integrity still stands.Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people.This is hacking on an industrial scale,as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire,the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking.Others await trial.This saga still unfolds.

In many respects,the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place.One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom,how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived.The core of her successful defense was that she knew nothing.

In today’s world,it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organizations that they run.Perhaps we should not be so surprised.For a generation,the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit.The words that have mattered are efficiency,flexibility,shareholder value,business-friendly,wealth generation,sales,impact and,in newspapers,circulation.Words degraded to the margin have been justice,fairness,tolerance,proportionality and accountability.

The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding,to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity.It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact.Ms.Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories,but she asked no questions,gave no instructions-nor received traceable,recorded answers.

The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows（　　）.

Two years ago,Rupert Murdoch’s daughter,Elisabeth,spoke of the“unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions”.Integrity had collapsed,she argued,because of a collective acceptance that the only"sorting mechanism"in society should be profit and the market.But"it's us,human beings,we the people who create the society we want,not profit".

Driving her point home,she continued:“It’s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose,of a moral language within government,media or business could become one of the most dangerous goals for capitalism and freedom.”This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International,she thought,making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.

As the hacking trial concludes-finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World,Andy Coulson,for conspiring to hack phones,and finding his predecessor,Rebekah Brooks,innocent of the same charge-the wider issue of dearth of integrity still stands.Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people.This is hacking on an industrial scale,as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire,the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking.Others await trial.This saga still unfolds.

In many respects,the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place.One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom,how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived.The core of her successful defense was that she knew nothing.

In today’s world,it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organizations that they run.Perhaps we should not be so surprised.For a generation,the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit.The words that have mattered are efficiency,flexibility,shareholder value,business-friendly,wealth generation,sales,impact and,in newspapers,circulation.Words degraded to the margin have been justice,fairness,tolerance,proportionality and accountability.

The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding,to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity.It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact.Ms.Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories,but she asked no questions,gave no instructions-nor received traceable,recorded answers.

Which of the following is suggested in the last paragraph?（　　）