2021年成人高等考试《专升本英语》模拟试卷4

Don't go there and don't leave me____.（　　）

The intelligence you have ____ you numerous treasure.（　　）

A ____ people will help you when you are in trouble.（　　）

--Where have you gone?

--I have gone to____.（　　）

His mother was angry that the housework was still there, ____.（　　）

I told him the news ____so he couldn't have forgotten.（　　）

The cost of your shoes is higher than ____ of mine.（　　）

There's no situation ____ you can tell lies to others.（　　）

I told nothing to your mother ____ you have gone.（　　）

Don't bring food into the library, ____?（　　）

Now, Gary is in his room ____ the materials for tomorrow's meeting.（　　）

He only ____ 10 pounds for the new shirt.（　　）

It was three weeks later ____ I knew I had made a mistake.（　　）

This lesson makes us know that, ____, the cake will taste awful.（　　）

It is no use ____ with someone who doesn't understand what you did.（　　）

Many people believe that Americans love their cars almost more than anything else. They are 　21　 about cars. Not only is the car the 　22　 means of transportation in the States, it has 　23　 become a “plaything”. 　24　 the time youngsters become fourteen years old or even 　25　 , they're likely to start 　26　 of having their own cars.

　　In the USA, the 　27　 family, if the father is not 　28　 work , can afford to buy a new car every five years. However, many young people 　29　 after school in order to save money to buy a car. Learning to drive and getting a driver license may be one of the most exciting 　30　 of a young person's life. Driver 　31　 is one of the most popular courses. At the end of the course the student will 　32　 a driving test for a license. 　33　 many ,that piece of paper means that they have grown up.

　　In the United States , many men and women 　34　 to have cars. People use cars to go to work. 　35　 drive cars to go shopping, to take the children to school or for other activities.

____.

Many people believe that Americans love their cars almost more than anything else. They are 　21　 about cars. Not only is the car the 　22　 means of transportation in the States, it has 　23　 become a “plaything”. 　24　 the time youngsters become fourteen years old or even 　25　 , they're likely to start 　26　 of having their own cars.

　　In the USA, the 　27　 family, if the father is not 　28　 work , can afford to buy a new car every five years. However, many young people 　29　 after school in order to save money to buy a car. Learning to drive and getting a driver license may be one of the most exciting 　30　 of a young person's life. Driver 　31　 is one of the most popular courses. At the end of the course the student will 　32　 a driving test for a license. 　33　 many ,that piece of paper means that they have grown up.

　　In the United States , many men and women 　34　 to have cars. People use cars to go to work. 　35　 drive cars to go shopping, to take the children to school or for other activities.

____.

Many people believe that Americans love their cars almost more than anything else. They are 　21　 about cars. Not only is the car the 　22　 means of transportation in the States, it has 　23　 become a “plaything”. 　24　 the time youngsters become fourteen years old or even 　25　 , they're likely to start 　26　 of having their own cars.

　　In the USA, the 　27　 family, if the father is not 　28　 work , can afford to buy a new car every five years. However, many young people 　29　 after school in order to save money to buy a car. Learning to drive and getting a driver license may be one of the most exciting 　30　 of a young person's life. Driver 　31　 is one of the most popular courses. At the end of the course the student will 　32　 a driving test for a license. 　33　 many ,that piece of paper means that they have grown up.

　　In the United States , many men and women 　34　 to have cars. People use cars to go to work. 　35　 drive cars to go shopping, to take the children to school or for other activities.

____.

Many people believe that Americans love their cars almost more than anything else. They are 　21　 about cars. Not only is the car the 　22　 means of transportation in the States, it has 　23　 become a “plaything”. 　24　 the time youngsters become fourteen years old or even 　25　 , they're likely to start 　26　 of having their own cars.

　　In the USA, the 　27　 family, if the father is not 　28　 work , can afford to buy a new car every five years. However, many young people 　29　 after school in order to save money to buy a car. Learning to drive and getting a driver license may be one of the most exciting 　30　 of a young person's life. Driver 　31　 is one of the most popular courses. At the end of the course the student will 　32　 a driving test for a license. 　33　 many ,that piece of paper means that they have grown up.

　　In the United States , many men and women 　34　 to have cars. People use cars to go to work. 　35　 drive cars to go shopping, to take the children to school or for other activities.

____.

Many people believe that Americans love their cars almost more than anything else. They are 　21　 about cars. Not only is the car the 　22　 means of transportation in the States, it has 　23　 become a “plaything”. 　24　 the time youngsters become fourteen years old or even 　25　 , they're likely to start 　26　 of having their own cars.

　　In the USA, the 　27　 family, if the father is not 　28　 work , can afford to buy a new car every five years. However, many young people 　29　 after school in order to save money to buy a car. Learning to drive and getting a driver license may be one of the most exciting 　30　 of a young person's life. Driver 　31　 is one of the most popular courses. At the end of the course the student will 　32　 a driving test for a license. 　33　 many ,that piece of paper means that they have grown up.

　　In the United States , many men and women 　34　 to have cars. People use cars to go to work. 　35　 drive cars to go shopping, to take the children to school or for other activities.

____.

Many people believe that Americans love their cars almost more than anything else. They are 　21　 about cars. Not only is the car the 　22　 means of transportation in the States, it has 　23　 become a “plaything”. 　24　 the time youngsters become fourteen years old or even 　25　 , they're likely to start 　26　 of having their own cars.

　　In the USA, the 　27　 family, if the father is not 　28　 work , can afford to buy a new car every five years. However, many young people 　29　 after school in order to save money to buy a car. Learning to drive and getting a driver license may be one of the most exciting 　30　 of a young person's life. Driver 　31　 is one of the most popular courses. At the end of the course the student will 　32　 a driving test for a license. 　33　 many ,that piece of paper means that they have grown up.

　　In the United States , many men and women 　34　 to have cars. People use cars to go to work. 　35　 drive cars to go shopping, to take the children to school or for other activities.

____.

Many people believe that Americans love their cars almost more than anything else. They are 　21　 about cars. Not only is the car the 　22　 means of transportation in the States, it has 　23　 become a “plaything”. 　24　 the time youngsters become fourteen years old or even 　25　 , they're likely to start 　26　 of having their own cars.

　　In the USA, the 　27　 family, if the father is not 　28　 work , can afford to buy a new car every five years. However, many young people 　29　 after school in order to save money to buy a car. Learning to drive and getting a driver license may be one of the most exciting 　30　 of a young person's life. Driver 　31　 is one of the most popular courses. At the end of the course the student will 　32　 a driving test for a license. 　33　 many ,that piece of paper means that they have grown up.

　　In the United States , many men and women 　34　 to have cars. People use cars to go to work. 　35　 drive cars to go shopping, to take the children to school or for other activities.

____.

Many people believe that Americans love their cars almost more than anything else. They are 　21　 about cars. Not only is the car the 　22　 means of transportation in the States, it has 　23　 become a “plaything”. 　24　 the time youngsters become fourteen years old or even 　25　 , they're likely to start 　26　 of having their own cars.

　　In the USA, the 　27　 family, if the father is not 　28　 work , can afford to buy a new car every five years. However, many young people 　29　 after school in order to save money to buy a car. Learning to drive and getting a driver license may be one of the most exciting 　30　 of a young person's life. Driver 　31　 is one of the most popular courses. At the end of the course the student will 　32　 a driving test for a license. 　33　 many ,that piece of paper means that they have grown up.

　　In the United States , many men and women 　34　 to have cars. People use cars to go to work. 　35　 drive cars to go shopping, to take the children to school or for other activities.

____.

Many people believe that Americans love their cars almost more than anything else. They are 　21　 about cars. Not only is the car the 　22　 means of transportation in the States, it has 　23　 become a “plaything”. 　24　 the time youngsters become fourteen years old or even 　25　 , they're likely to start 　26　 of having their own cars.

　　In the USA, the 　27　 family, if the father is not 　28　 work , can afford to buy a new car every five years. However, many young people 　29　 after school in order to save money to buy a car. Learning to drive and getting a driver license may be one of the most exciting 　30　 of a young person's life. Driver 　31　 is one of the most popular courses. At the end of the course the student will 　32　 a driving test for a license. 　33　 many ,that piece of paper means that they have grown up.

　　In the United States , many men and women 　34　 to have cars. People use cars to go to work. 　35　 drive cars to go shopping, to take the children to school or for other activities.

____.

Many people believe that Americans love their cars almost more than anything else. They are 　21　 about cars. Not only is the car the 　22　 means of transportation in the States, it has 　23　 become a “plaything”. 　24　 the time youngsters become fourteen years old or even 　25　 , they're likely to start 　26　 of having their own cars.

　　In the USA, the 　27　 family, if the father is not 　28　 work , can afford to buy a new car every five years. However, many young people 　29　 after school in order to save money to buy a car. Learning to drive and getting a driver license may be one of the most exciting 　30　 of a young person's life. Driver 　31　 is one of the most popular courses. At the end of the course the student will 　32　 a driving test for a license. 　33　 many ,that piece of paper means that they have grown up.

　　In the United States , many men and women 　34　 to have cars. People use cars to go to work. 　35　 drive cars to go shopping, to take the children to school or for other activities.

____.

Many people believe that Americans love their cars almost more than anything else. They are 　21　 about cars. Not only is the car the 　22　 means of transportation in the States, it has 　23　 become a “plaything”. 　24　 the time youngsters become fourteen years old or even 　25　 , they're likely to start 　26　 of having their own cars.

　　In the USA, the 　27　 family, if the father is not 　28　 work , can afford to buy a new car every five years. However, many young people 　29　 after school in order to save money to buy a car. Learning to drive and getting a driver license may be one of the most exciting 　30　 of a young person's life. Driver 　31　 is one of the most popular courses. At the end of the course the student will 　32　 a driving test for a license. 　33　 many ,that piece of paper means that they have grown up.

　　In the United States , many men and women 　34　 to have cars. People use cars to go to work. 　35　 drive cars to go shopping, to take the children to school or for other activities.

____.

Many people believe that Americans love their cars almost more than anything else. They are 　21　 about cars. Not only is the car the 　22　 means of transportation in the States, it has 　23　 become a “plaything”. 　24　 the time youngsters become fourteen years old or even 　25　 , they're likely to start 　26　 of having their own cars.

　　In the USA, the 　27　 family, if the father is not 　28　 work , can afford to buy a new car every five years. However, many young people 　29　 after school in order to save money to buy a car. Learning to drive and getting a driver license may be one of the most exciting 　30　 of a young person's life. Driver 　31　 is one of the most popular courses. At the end of the course the student will 　32　 a driving test for a license. 　33　 many ,that piece of paper means that they have grown up.

　　In the United States , many men and women 　34　 to have cars. People use cars to go to work. 　35　 drive cars to go shopping, to take the children to school or for other activities.

____.

Many people believe that Americans love their cars almost more than anything else. They are 　21　 about cars. Not only is the car the 　22　 means of transportation in the States, it has 　23　 become a “plaything”. 　24　 the time youngsters become fourteen years old or even 　25　 , they're likely to start 　26　 of having their own cars.

　　In the USA, the 　27　 family, if the father is not 　28　 work , can afford to buy a new car every five years. However, many young people 　29　 after school in order to save money to buy a car. Learning to drive and getting a driver license may be one of the most exciting 　30　 of a young person's life. Driver 　31　 is one of the most popular courses. At the end of the course the student will 　32　 a driving test for a license. 　33　 many ,that piece of paper means that they have grown up.

　　In the United States , many men and women 　34　 to have cars. People use cars to go to work. 　35　 drive cars to go shopping, to take the children to school or for other activities.

____.

Many people believe that Americans love their cars almost more than anything else. They are 　21　 about cars. Not only is the car the 　22　 means of transportation in the States, it has 　23　 become a “plaything”. 　24　 the time youngsters become fourteen years old or even 　25　 , they're likely to start 　26　 of having their own cars.

　　In the USA, the 　27　 family, if the father is not 　28　 work , can afford to buy a new car every five years. However, many young people 　29　 after school in order to save money to buy a car. Learning to drive and getting a driver license may be one of the most exciting 　30　 of a young person's life. Driver 　31　 is one of the most popular courses. At the end of the course the student will 　32　 a driving test for a license. 　33　 many ,that piece of paper means that they have grown up.

　　In the United States , many men and women 　34　 to have cars. People use cars to go to work. 　35　 drive cars to go shopping, to take the children to school or for other activities.

____.

Many people believe that Americans love their cars almost more than anything else. They are 　21　 about cars. Not only is the car the 　22　 means of transportation in the States, it has 　23　 become a “plaything”. 　24　 the time youngsters become fourteen years old or even 　25　 , they're likely to start 　26　 of having their own cars.

　　In the USA, the 　27　 family, if the father is not 　28　 work , can afford to buy a new car every five years. However, many young people 　29　 after school in order to save money to buy a car. Learning to drive and getting a driver license may be one of the most exciting 　30　 of a young person's life. Driver 　31　 is one of the most popular courses. At the end of the course the student will 　32　 a driving test for a license. 　33　 many ,that piece of paper means that they have grown up.

　　In the United States , many men and women 　34　 to have cars. People use cars to go to work. 　35　 drive cars to go shopping, to take the children to school or for other activities.

____.

On Christmas Eve—the night before Christmas Day children are very happy. They put their stockings at the end of their beds before they go to bed. They want Father Christmas to give them some presents.

　　Mr. Green tells his children that Father Christmas is a very kind man. He comes on Christmas Eve. He lands on top of each house and comes down the chimney into the fireplace and brings them a lot of presents.

　　Christmas Day always begins before breakfast. The children wake up very early. They can't wait to open the presents in their stockings. Then they wake up their parents and call: “Merry Christmas!”

　　Do you know what Christmas means? Christmas Day is the birthday of Jesus Christ. When Christ was born, many people gave him presents. So today, people still do the same thing to each other.

Christmas Eve is ____.（　　）

On Christmas Eve—the night before Christmas Day children are very happy. They put their stockings at the end of their beds before they go to bed. They want Father Christmas to give them some presents.

　　Mr. Green tells his children that Father Christmas is a very kind man. He comes on Christmas Eve. He lands on top of each house and comes down the chimney into the fireplace and brings them a lot of presents.

　　Christmas Day always begins before breakfast. The children wake up very early. They can't wait to open the presents in their stockings. Then they wake up their parents and call: “Merry Christmas!”

　　Do you know what Christmas means? Christmas Day is the birthday of Jesus Christ. When Christ was born, many people gave him presents. So today, people still do the same thing to each other.

The children want Father Christmas to put the presents ____.（　　）

On Christmas Eve—the night before Christmas Day children are very happy. They put their stockings at the end of their beds before they go to bed. They want Father Christmas to give them some presents.

　　Mr. Green tells his children that Father Christmas is a very kind man. He comes on Christmas Eve. He lands on top of each house and comes down the chimney into the fireplace and brings them a lot of presents.

　　Christmas Day always begins before breakfast. The children wake up very early. They can't wait to open the presents in their stockings. Then they wake up their parents and call: “Merry Christmas!”

　　Do you know what Christmas means? Christmas Day is the birthday of Jesus Christ. When Christ was born, many people gave him presents. So today, people still do the same thing to each other.

Father Christmas comes into the house through the ____.（　　）

On Christmas Eve—the night before Christmas Day children are very happy. They put their stockings at the end of their beds before they go to bed. They want Father Christmas to give them some presents.

　　Mr. Green tells his children that Father Christmas is a very kind man. He comes on Christmas Eve. He lands on top of each house and comes down the chimney into the fireplace and brings them a lot of presents.

　　Christmas Day always begins before breakfast. The children wake up very early. They can't wait to open the presents in their stockings. Then they wake up their parents and call: “Merry Christmas!”

　　Do you know what Christmas means? Christmas Day is the birthday of Jesus Christ. When Christ was born, many people gave him presents. So today, people still do the same thing to each other.

On the morning of Christmas Day, children wake up their parents very early and say “____”.（　　）

Human needs seem endless. They might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is enough money to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears.

　　The first and most basic level of needs involves food. Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears. By the end of World War Ⅱ, these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses.

　　By 1957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared: the “life-enriching” level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is, the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and recreation. Also included here are fancy goods and the latest styles in clothing.

　　On the fourth level, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods.

　　A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.

According to the passage, man will begin to think about such needs as housing and clothing only when ____.（　　）

Human needs seem endless. They might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is enough money to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears.

　　The first and most basic level of needs involves food. Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears. By the end of World War Ⅱ, these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses.

　　By 1957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared: the “life-enriching” level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is, the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and recreation. Also included here are fancy goods and the latest styles in clothing.

　　On the fourth level, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods.

　　A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.

It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of World War II, most Americans ____.

Human needs seem endless. They might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is enough money to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears.

　　The first and most basic level of needs involves food. Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears. By the end of World War Ⅱ, these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses.

　　By 1957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared: the “life-enriching” level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is, the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and recreation. Also included here are fancy goods and the latest styles in clothing.

　　On the fourth level, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods.

　　A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.

What is the main concern of man on the fourth level? （　　）

Human needs seem endless. They might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is enough money to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears.

　　The first and most basic level of needs involves food. Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears. By the end of World War Ⅱ, these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses.

　　By 1957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared: the “life-enriching” level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is, the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and recreation. Also included here are fancy goods and the latest styles in clothing.

　　On the fourth level, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods.

　　A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.

The author tends to think that the fifth level ____.（　　）

The “Earth Hour” movement—initiated by the World Wildlife Fund is set to be marked around the world. In an effort to bring attention to global climate change, the group is calling for lights to be turned off across the globe between 8:30 p.m. and 9:30 p.m. on Saturday.

　　Some of the most famous places in China will join “Earth Hour”. The Bird's Nest and the Water Cube in Beijing and the Oriental Pearl Broadcasting Tower in Shanghai will switch off their lights for one hour on Saturday evening. Citizens, communities, and companies around the country are doing their part to organize and promote the movement.

　　So far, more than 2,400 cities from 81 countries and 1 billion people from around the world have joined “Earth Hour”. UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon is urging more people to participate and make some contribution to the efforts against global warming.

　　“Earth Hour” began in Sydney in 2007. In 3 years, it has grown into one of the world's largest joint actions dealing with climate change.

　　On March 31st, 2007, over 2.2 million homes and businesses in Sydney switched off their lights for one hour. It was estimated that electricity saved during that hour could sustain 200,000 TV sets for one hour.

　　As an added reward, Sydney residents joining the movement said they could see more stars than ever during that night. After that, “Earth Hour” spread around the world at an amazing speed. In 2008, from Oceania to Asia, from Europe to America, 50 million people switched off their lights. More and more people have been joining the “Earth Hour” movement and contributing in their own way to save our planet.

What is the aim of the “Earth Hour” movement? （　　）

The “Earth Hour” movement—initiated by the World Wildlife Fund is set to be marked around the world. In an effort to bring attention to global climate change, the group is calling for lights to be turned off across the globe between 8:30 p.m. and 9:30 p.m. on Saturday.

　　Some of the most famous places in China will join “Earth Hour”. The Bird's Nest and the Water Cube in Beijing and the Oriental Pearl Broadcasting Tower in Shanghai will switch off their lights for one hour on Saturday evening. Citizens, communities, and companies around the country are doing their part to organize and promote the movement.

　　So far, more than 2,400 cities from 81 countries and 1 billion people from around the world have joined “Earth Hour”. UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon is urging more people to participate and make some contribution to the efforts against global warming.

　　“Earth Hour” began in Sydney in 2007. In 3 years, it has grown into one of the world's largest joint actions dealing with climate change.

　　On March 31st, 2007, over 2.2 million homes and businesses in Sydney switched off their lights for one hour. It was estimated that electricity saved during that hour could sustain 200,000 TV sets for one hour.

　　As an added reward, Sydney residents joining the movement said they could see more stars than ever during that night. After that, “Earth Hour” spread around the world at an amazing speed. In 2008, from Oceania to Asia, from Europe to America, 50 million people switched off their lights. More and more people have been joining the “Earth Hour” movement and contributing in their own way to save our planet.

Which organization started the “Earth Hour” movement? （　　）

The “Earth Hour” movement—initiated by the World Wildlife Fund is set to be marked around the world. In an effort to bring attention to global climate change, the group is calling for lights to be turned off across the globe between 8:30 p.m. and 9:30 p.m. on Saturday.

　　Some of the most famous places in China will join “Earth Hour”. The Bird's Nest and the Water Cube in Beijing and the Oriental Pearl Broadcasting Tower in Shanghai will switch off their lights for one hour on Saturday evening. Citizens, communities, and companies around the country are doing their part to organize and promote the movement.

　　So far, more than 2,400 cities from 81 countries and 1 billion people from around the world have joined “Earth Hour”. UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon is urging more people to participate and make some contribution to the efforts against global warming.

　　“Earth Hour” began in Sydney in 2007. In 3 years, it has grown into one of the world's largest joint actions dealing with climate change.

　　On March 31st, 2007, over 2.2 million homes and businesses in Sydney switched off their lights for one hour. It was estimated that electricity saved during that hour could sustain 200,000 TV sets for one hour.

　　As an added reward, Sydney residents joining the movement said they could see more stars than ever during that night. After that, “Earth Hour” spread around the world at an amazing speed. In 2008, from Oceania to Asia, from Europe to America, 50 million people switched off their lights. More and more people have been joining the “Earth Hour” movement and contributing in their own way to save our planet.

By now, how many people have joined “Earth Hour”?（　　）

The “Earth Hour” movement—initiated by the World Wildlife Fund is set to be marked around the world. In an effort to bring attention to global climate change, the group is calling for lights to be turned off across the globe between 8:30 p.m. and 9:30 p.m. on Saturday.

　　Some of the most famous places in China will join “Earth Hour”. The Bird's Nest and the Water Cube in Beijing and the Oriental Pearl Broadcasting Tower in Shanghai will switch off their lights for one hour on Saturday evening. Citizens, communities, and companies around the country are doing their part to organize and promote the movement.

　　So far, more than 2,400 cities from 81 countries and 1 billion people from around the world have joined “Earth Hour”. UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon is urging more people to participate and make some contribution to the efforts against global warming.

　　“Earth Hour” began in Sydney in 2007. In 3 years, it has grown into one of the world's largest joint actions dealing with climate change.

　　On March 31st, 2007, over 2.2 million homes and businesses in Sydney switched off their lights for one hour. It was estimated that electricity saved during that hour could sustain 200,000 TV sets for one hour.

　　As an added reward, Sydney residents joining the movement said they could see more stars than ever during that night. After that, “Earth Hour” spread around the world at an amazing speed. In 2008, from Oceania to Asia, from Europe to America, 50 million people switched off their lights. More and more people have been joining the “Earth Hour” movement and contributing in their own way to save our planet.

Which of the following is one of the results of the “Earth Hour” movement?（　　）

For some time past, it has been widely accepted that babies and other creatures learn to do things because certain acts lead to “rewards”; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological “drives” as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.

　　It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.

　　Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to “reward” the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children's responses in situations where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement “switched on” a display of lights—and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result. For instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many as three turns to one side.

　　Papousek's light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would “smile and bubble” when the display came on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.

According to the author, babies learn to do things which ____.（　　）

For some time past, it has been widely accepted that babies and other creatures learn to do things because certain acts lead to “rewards”; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological “drives” as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.

　　It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.

　　Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to “reward” the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children's responses in situations where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement “switched on” a display of lights—and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result. For instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many as three turns to one side.

　　Papousek's light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would “smile and bubble” when the display came on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.

Papousek noticed in his studies that baby ____.（　　）

For some time past, it has been widely accepted that babies and other creatures learn to do things because certain acts lead to “rewards”; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological “drives” as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.

　　It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.

　　Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to “reward” the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children's responses in situations where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement “switched on” a display of lights—and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result. For instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many as three turns to one side.

　　Papousek's light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would “smile and bubble” when the display came on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.

In Papousek's experiment babies make learned movements of the head in order to ____.（　　）

For some time past, it has been widely accepted that babies and other creatures learn to do things because certain acts lead to “rewards”; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological “drives” as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.

　　It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.

　　Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to “reward” the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children's responses in situations where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement “switched on” a display of lights—and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result. For instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many as three turns to one side.

　　Papousek's light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would “smile and bubble” when the display came on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.

The babies would “smile and bubble” at the lights because____.（　　）

Mr. Smith was a wealthy industrialist, but he was not satisfied with life. He did not sleep well and his food did not agree with him. This situation lasted for some time. Finally, after several sleepless nights, he decided to consult his doctor. The doctor advised a change of surroundings. “Go abroad,” he said. “But I'm not good at foreign language,” said Mr. Smith. “It doesn't matter,” said the doctor. “It won't hurt you to talk a little less. Go on a voyage. Take plenty of exercise. Try to reduce your weight. Avoid rich food.”

　　Mr. Smith went to Switzerland. He did not know French or German, and had to communicate through gestures. He attended a physical training course. The instructor made him bend his knees, swing his arms, stretch his neck and shake his head rapidly. He had to lie on the ground and raise his right and left legs alternately. After a time his muscles grew hard and firm. He forgot the financial crisis and the importance of raising the level of production. He even began to notice individual trees and individual birds.

　　Finally he returned home. But unfortunately his improvement was only temporary. Soon he was a normal businessman again, worried about his property, his profits, his savings, his advancement in a technological society, and things in general.

Mr. Smith went to see his doctor because he ____.（　　）

Mr. Smith was a wealthy industrialist, but he was not satisfied with life. He did not sleep well and his food did not agree with him. This situation lasted for some time. Finally, after several sleepless nights, he decided to consult his doctor. The doctor advised a change of surroundings. “Go abroad,” he said. “But I'm not good at foreign language,” said Mr. Smith. “It doesn't matter,” said the doctor. “It won't hurt you to talk a little less. Go on a voyage. Take plenty of exercise. Try to reduce your weight. Avoid rich food.”

　　Mr. Smith went to Switzerland. He did not know French or German, and had to communicate through gestures. He attended a physical training course. The instructor made him bend his knees, swing his arms, stretch his neck and shake his head rapidly. He had to lie on the ground and raise his right and left legs alternately. After a time his muscles grew hard and firm. He forgot the financial crisis and the importance of raising the level of production. He even began to notice individual trees and individual birds.

　　Finally he returned home. But unfortunately his improvement was only temporary. Soon he was a normal businessman again, worried about his property, his profits, his savings, his advancement in a technological society, and things in general.

In the second paragraph, the word “gestures” means ____.（　　）

Mr. Smith was a wealthy industrialist, but he was not satisfied with life. He did not sleep well and his food did not agree with him. This situation lasted for some time. Finally, after several sleepless nights, he decided to consult his doctor. The doctor advised a change of surroundings. “Go abroad,” he said. “But I'm not good at foreign language,” said Mr. Smith. “It doesn't matter,” said the doctor. “It won't hurt you to talk a little less. Go on a voyage. Take plenty of exercise. Try to reduce your weight. Avoid rich food.”

　　Mr. Smith went to Switzerland. He did not know French or German, and had to communicate through gestures. He attended a physical training course. The instructor made him bend his knees, swing his arms, stretch his neck and shake his head rapidly. He had to lie on the ground and raise his right and left legs alternately. After a time his muscles grew hard and firm. He forgot the financial crisis and the importance of raising the level of production. He even began to notice individual trees and individual birds.

　　Finally he returned home. But unfortunately his improvement was only temporary. Soon he was a normal businessman again, worried about his property, his profits, his savings, his advancement in a technological society, and things in general.

When he traveled abroad, Mr. Smith ____.（　　）

Mr. Smith was a wealthy industrialist, but he was not satisfied with life. He did not sleep well and his food did not agree with him. This situation lasted for some time. Finally, after several sleepless nights, he decided to consult his doctor. The doctor advised a change of surroundings. “Go abroad,” he said. “But I'm not good at foreign language,” said Mr. Smith. “It doesn't matter,” said the doctor. “It won't hurt you to talk a little less. Go on a voyage. Take plenty of exercise. Try to reduce your weight. Avoid rich food.”

　　Mr. Smith went to Switzerland. He did not know French or German, and had to communicate through gestures. He attended a physical training course. The instructor made him bend his knees, swing his arms, stretch his neck and shake his head rapidly. He had to lie on the ground and raise his right and left legs alternately. After a time his muscles grew hard and firm. He forgot the financial crisis and the importance of raising the level of production. He even began to notice individual trees and individual birds.

　　Finally he returned home. But unfortunately his improvement was only temporary. Soon he was a normal businessman again, worried about his property, his profits, his savings, his advancement in a technological society, and things in general.

In the last paragraph, the word “temporary” means ____.（　　）