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Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect. But in the nine days since the federal cigarette tax more than doubled--to $1.01 per pack--smokers have jammed telephone "quit lines" across the country seeking to kick the habit.
This is not a surprise to public health advocates. They've studied the effect of state tax increases for years, finding that smokers, especially teens, are price sensitive. Nor is it a shock to the industry, which fiercely fights every tax increase.
The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message. Tobacco taxes improve public health, they raise money and most particularly, they deter people from taking up the habit as teens, which is when nearly all smokers are addicted. Yet the rate of taxation varies widely.
In Manhattan, for instance, which has the highest tax in the nation, a pack of Marlboro Light Kings cost $10.06 at one drug store Wednesday. Charleston, S.C, where the 7-cent-a-pack tax is the lowest in the nation. The price was $4.78.The influence is obvious.
In New York, high school smoking hit a new low in the latest surveys--13.8%, far below the national average. By comparison,26% of high school students smoke in Kentucky, Other low-tax states have similarly depressing teen-smoking records.
Hal Rogers, Representative from Kentucky, like those who are against high tobacco taxes, argues that the burden of the tax falls on low-income Americans "who choose to smoke."
That's true. But there is more reason in keeping future generations of low-income workers from getting hooked in the first place, as for today's adults, if the new tax drives them to quit, they will have more to spend on their families, cut their risk of cancer and heart disease and feel better.
The underlined word "deter" in paragraph 3 most probably means_________.
猜测词意题。由上下文可知，they指的是tobaccotaxes，所以在这deter这个词的意思应
为“阻止，制止”
Which of the following statements is true?__________
The author can't remember his relatives clearly because__________.
The author says that he is a naturalist rather than a scientist probably because he thinks he__________.
The first paragraph tells us that the author__________.
根据下列内容，回答216-220题。
Looking back on my childhood，I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made．
Although We were brought up in the same way，my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects．Unlike them，I had no ear for music and languages．1 was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmetic.
Before World War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary. I have only the dim memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I do have a crystal-clear memory of dogs, the farm animals, the local birds and above all, the insects.
I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world, and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil, reading about other people's observations and discoveries. Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind. Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the fiddle, because it all seems to fit together. This has resulted in my publishing 300papers and books, which some might honor with the title of scientific research.
But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist; one of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self-discipline, a quality I lack. A scientist can be made. A naturalist is born. If you can combine the two, you get the best of both worlds.
According to the author, a born naturalist should first of all be__________.
The most suitable title for this passage would be__________．
Which is not one of the things researched by a bank? __________
What does“down payment”refer to in the passage? __________
If American people borrow money from the bank for 25 years，this means that the person who borrows__________．
根据下列内容，回答211-215题。
A house is the most expensive thing most people will ever buy．Very few people have enough money of their own to buy a house，so they have to borrow money from a bank．Borrowing moneyfrom a bank to buy a house is called“take a mortgage”．The bank usually lends money or gives a me．gage for twenty—five years．Houses are so expensive that many people nowadays have to borrow as much as$50，000．In other words，they will have a$50，000 mortgage．
How can you get a mortgage? When you find a house you like．you go to a bank．The bank will research you financial history and decide if they think you are a good risk．They will want to know what kind of job you have，what kind of salary you make and how long you have had the job．
They will a]so want to know how much money you have．In addition．the banks will require a down payment．Depending Oil which state you live in，the bank may require as much as 30%of the price of the house as a down payment．The bank will then lend you the rest of the money to buy the house.Many people are never able to buy a house because they can not save enough money for the
down payment．
What does a house mean in the United States．? __________
