The beauty of software is in its function, in its internal structure, and in the way in which it is created by a team. To a user, a program with just the right features presented through an intuitive and( 71 )interface is beautiful. To a software designer, an internal structure that is partitioned in a simple and intuitive manner, and that minimizes internal coupling is beautiful. To developers and managers, a motivated team of developers making significant progress every week, and producing defect-free code, is beautiful. There is beauty on all these levels.
Our world needs software--lots of software. Fifty years ago software was something that ran in a few big and expensive machines. Thirty years ago it was something that ran in most companies and industrial settings. Now there is software running in our cell phones, watches, appliances, automobiles, toys, and tools. And need for new and better software never( 72 ). As our civilization grows and expands, as developing nations build their infrastructures, as developed nations strive to achieve ever greater efficiencies, the need for more and more Software( 73 )to increase. It would be a great shame if, in all that software，there was no beauty.
We know that software can be ugly. We know that it can be hard to use, unreliable, and carelessly structured. We know that there are software systems whose tangled and careless internal structures make them expensive and difficult to change. We know that there are software systems that present their features through an awkward and cumbersome interface. We know that there are software systems that crash and misbehave. These are( 74) systems. Unfortunately, as a profession, software developers tend to create more ugly systems than beautiful ones.
There is a secret that the best software developers know. Beauty is cheaper than ugliness. Beauty is faster than ugliness. A beautiful software system can be built and maintained in less time, and for less money, than an ugly one. Novice software developers don't understand this. They think that they have to do everything fast and quick. They think that beauty is( 作答此空 ). No! By doing things fast and quick, they make messes that make the software stiff, and hard to understand, Beautiful systems are flexible and easy to understand. Building them and maintaining them is a joy. It is ugliness that is impractical. Ugliness will slow you down and make your software expensive and brittle. Beautiful systems cost the least build and maintain, and are delivered soonest.
这道题考查的是关于软件的一些特点。
第一段讲述了出色的软件产品针对不同的人群所展现出来的优点，其中对于软件的使用者来说软件应该有良好的架构并且提供一些直观的简单的接口跟用户进行交互。
第二段讲述随着时代的发展，人们需要越来越多的软件，并且对新软件和高质量的软件需求从来没有停止过。
第三段讲述一些软件产品表现出来的问题。
第四段讲述不同开发者看待软件产品的角度也是不相同的，一些不负责任的开发者会认为花精力去创造优秀的产品产品是浪费时间的行为。同时文章中也表达了作者自己的看法
一台主机的IP地址为202.123.25.36，掩码为255.255.254.0。如果该主机需要在该网络进行直接广播，那么它应该使用的目的地址为（ ）
在计算机系统的日常维护工作中，应当注意硬盘工作时不能__(2)__。另外，需要防范病毒，而__(3)__是不会被病毒感觉的。
有 4 个 IP 地址：201.117.15.254、201.117.17.01、201.117.24.5 和 201.117.29.3，如果子网掩码为 255.255.248.0，则这 4 个地址分别属于3个子网；其中属于同一个子网的是（）
在异步通信中，每个字符包含1位起始位、7位数据位、1位奇偶位和1位终止位，每秒钟传送200个字符，采用4相位调制，则码元速率为（）。
在 Windows 中，运行（ ）命令得到下图所示结果。以下关于该结果的叙述中，错误的是（ ）。
Pinging 59.74.111.8 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 59.74.111.8: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=60
Reply from 59.74.111.8: bytes=32 time=5ms TTL=60
Reply from 59.74.111.8: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=60
Reply from 59.74.111.8: bytes=32 time=5ms TTL=60
Ping statistics for 59.74.111.8:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 3ms, Maximum = 5ms, Average = 4ms
在ISO OSF/RM参考模型中，七层协议中的__(1)__利用通信子网提供的服务实现两个用户进程之间端到端的通信。在这个模型中，如果A用户需要通过网络向B用户传送数据，则首先将数据送入应用层，在该层给它附加控制信息后送入表示层；在表示层对数据进行必要的变换并加头标后送入会话层；在会话层加头标送入传输层；在传输层将数据分解为__(本题)__后送至网络层；在网络层将数据封装成__(3)__后送至数据链路层；在数据链路层将数据加上头标和尾标封装成__(4)__后发送到物理层；在物理层数据以__(5)__形式发送到物理线路。B用户所在的系统接收到数据后，层层剥去控制信息，把原数据传送给B用户。
在OSI/RM中，解释应用数据语义的协议层是（）。
在TCP/IP协议栈中，ARP协议的作用是（）,RARP协议的作用是（请作答此空）。
在地址 http://www.dailynews.com.cn/channel/welcome.htm 中，www.dailynews.com.cn 表示（ ），welcome.htm 表示（请作答此空）。
在电子表格软件Excel中，假设A1单元格的值为15，若在A2单元格输入“=AND(15＜A1，A1＜100)”，则A2单元格显示的值为 （）
