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发布时间： 2021-10-17 13:42
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Insurance (保险) may be considered a game of risk in which individuals and businesses protect themselves, their families, and their property from possible losses resulting from unpredictable events such as storms, fires, accidents and illnesses. The first rule of the game, devised centuries age, is "share the risk". To play by this rule, many people take a small loss in place of one person′ s taking a large one.
It is a simple idea: an individual pays a small amount of money called a premium (保险费) to an agent who acts on behalf of an insurance company, or underwriter, which holds the individual′s premium and the premiums paid by thousands of others. The individual receives an insurance policy, a promise that if there is a loss to the individual as defined in the policy the insurance company will pay for it. The funds will come from the individual′s premium, the premium paid by others who did not have losses, and money from the company′ s investment of all the premiums. An individual who does not have a loss loses the premium money but purchases what insurance underwriters call "peace of mind". It is a gamble for the customer and the underwriter, but it is built on the first rule of risk that losses are small when shared by many.
According to the passage, insurance company will protect individuals from the losses EXCEPT
本题解析：
细节题。根据第一段第一句“Insurance(保险)may be considered a game of risk in which individuals and businesses protect themselves，their families，and their property from possible losses resulting from unpredictable events such as storms，fires，accidents and illnesses．”可知A、B、C三项都包含在内，只有D项没有提到，故选D。
Insurance (保险) may be considered a game of risk in which individuals and businesses protect themselves, their families, and their property from possible losses resulting from unpredictable events such as storms, fires, accidents and illnesses. The first rule of the game, devised centuries age, is "share the risk". To play by this rule, many people take a small loss in place of one person′ s taking a large one.
It is a simple idea: an individual pays a small amount of money called a premium (保险费) to an agent who acts on behalf of an insurance company, or underwriter, which holds the individual′s premium and the premiums paid by thousands of others. The individual receives an insurance policy, a promise that if there is a loss to the individual as defined in the policy the insurance company will pay for it. The funds will come from the individual′s premium, the premium paid by others who did not have losses, and money from the company′ s investment of all the premiums. An individual who does not have a loss loses the premium money but purchases what insurance underwriters call "peace of mind". It is a gamble for the customer and the underwriter, but it is built on the first rule of risk that losses are small when shared by many.
Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
本题解析：
细节题。根据第二段中“an individual pays a small amount of money called a premium(保险费)to an agent who acts on behalf of an insurance company，or underwriter”可知，个人把保险费付给保险代理人而非直接付给保险公司。D项说法不正确。
Insurance (保险) may be considered a game of risk in which individuals and businesses protect themselves, their families, and their property from possible losses resulting from unpredictable events such as storms, fires, accidents and illnesses. The first rule of the game, devised centuries age, is "share the risk". To play by this rule, many people take a small loss in place of one person′ s taking a large one.
It is a simple idea: an individual pays a small amount of money called a premium (保险费) to an agent who acts on behalf of an insurance company, or underwriter, which holds the individual′s premium and the premiums paid by thousands of others. The individual receives an insurance policy, a promise that if there is a loss to the individual as defined in the policy the insurance company will pay for it. The funds will come from the individual′s premium, the premium paid by others who did not have losses, and money from the company′ s investment of all the premiums. An individual who does not have a loss loses the premium money but purchases what insurance underwriters call "peace of mind". It is a gamble for the customer and the underwriter, but it is built on the first rule of risk that losses are small when shared by many.
The word "policy" in the 2nd paragraph most probably means ___________.
本题解析：
词义题。根据题干定位至第二段，“The individual receives an insurance policy，a promise that if there is a loss to the individual as defined in the policy the insurance company will pay for it．”表明policy指的是个人和担保人之间签的协议。故选C。
Insurance (保险) may be considered a game of risk in which individuals and businesses protect themselves, their families, and their property from possible losses resulting from unpredictable events such as storms, fires, accidents and illnesses. The first rule of the game, devised centuries age, is "share the risk". To play by this rule, many people take a small loss in place of one person′ s taking a large one.
It is a simple idea: an individual pays a small amount of money called a premium (保险费) to an agent who acts on behalf of an insurance company, or underwriter, which holds the individual′s premium and the premiums paid by thousands of others. The individual receives an insurance policy, a promise that if there is a loss to the individual as defined in the policy the insurance company will pay for it. The funds will come from the individual′s premium, the premium paid by others who did not have losses, and money from the company′ s investment of all the premiums. An individual who does not have a loss loses the premium money but purchases what insurance underwriters call "peace of mind". It is a gamble for the customer and the underwriter, but it is built on the first rule of risk that losses are small when shared by many.
The money the insurance used to pay for an individual′ s loss comes from ___________.
本题解析：
细节题。根据第二段中“The funds will come from the individual’s premium，the premium paid by others who did not have losses，and money from the company’s investment of all the premiums．”可知，A、B、C三项内容都包含在内。故选D。
Insurance (保险) may be considered a game of risk in which individuals and businesses protect themselves, their families, and their property from possible losses resulting from unpredictable events such as storms, fires, accidents and illnesses. The first rule of the game, devised centuries age, is "share the risk". To play by this rule, many people take a small loss in place of one person′ s taking a large one.
It is a simple idea: an individual pays a small amount of money called a premium (保险费) to an agent who acts on behalf of an insurance company, or underwriter, which holds the individual′s premium and the premiums paid by thousands of others. The individual receives an insurance policy, a promise that if there is a loss to the individual as defined in the policy the insurance company will pay for it. The funds will come from the individual′s premium, the premium paid by others who did not have losses, and money from the company′ s investment of all the premiums. An individual who does not have a loss loses the premium money but purchases what insurance underwriters call "peace of mind". It is a gamble for the customer and the underwriter, but it is built on the first rule of risk that losses are small when shared by many.
Which of the following statements is true?
本题解析：
细节题。根据第二段倒数第二句“An individual who does not have a loss loses the premium money but purchases what insurance underwriters call‘peace of mind’．”可知．人们购买保险就是为了获得心灵平静，不用对未来不可预测的事情担心。B项说法正确。A项错在“for your losses”；C项应是insurance company或underwriter持有投保者的保险费，而不是insurance agent；D项如果投保者没有损失，保险费也是不退还的。
Elderly people respond best to a calm and unhurried environment. This is not always easy to provide as their behavior can sometimes be irritating. If they get excited or upset then they may become more confused and more difficult to look after. Although sometimes it can be extremely difficult, it is best to be patient and not to get upset yourself. You should always encourage old people to do as much as possible for themselves but be ready to lend a helping hand when necessary.
Failing memory makes it difficult for the person to recall all the basic kinds of information we take for granted. The obvious way to help in this situation is to supply the information that is missing
and help them make sense of what is going on. You must use every opportunity to provide information but remember to keep it simple and straight forward.
"Good morning, Mum. This is Fiona, your daughter. It is eight o′clock, so if you get up now, we can have breakfast downstairs."
When the elderly person makes confused statements, e.g. about going out to his or her old employment or visiting a dead relative, correct in a calm matter-of-fact fashion: "You don′t work in the office any more. You are retired now. Will you help me with the dishes?"
We rely heavily on the information provided by signposts, clocks, calendars and newspapers. These assist us to organize and direct our behavior. Confused old people need these aids all the time to compensate for their poor memory. Encourage them to use reminder boards or diaries for important coming events and label the contents of different cupboards and drawers. Many other aids such as information cards, old photos, scrap books, addresses or shopping lists could help in individual case.
Visual aids can give practical help to elderly people by ___________.
本题解析：
推断题。由题干关键词Visual aids可定位至最后一段。“signposts，clocks，calendars and newspapers”“reminder boards or diaries”“information cards，old photos，scrap books，addresses or shopping lists”这些都属于Visual aids(视觉辅助设备)。第二、三句“These assist US to organize and direct our behavior．Confused old people need these aids all the time to compensate for their poor memory．"表明，糊涂的老年人可以利用这些设备弥补他们的记忆。B项“接下来要做的事”、C项“旧的回忆”都只是这些记忆中一个方面的内容，显然没有概括全面，D项在文中没有提及，均排除。A项最符合文意，为正确答案。
Elderly people respond best to a calm and unhurried environment. This is not always easy to provide as their behavior can sometimes be irritating. If they get excited or upset then they may become more confused and more difficult to look after. Although sometimes it can be extremely difficult, it is best to be patient and not to get upset yourself. You should always encourage old people to do as much as possible for themselves but be ready to lend a helping hand when necessary.
Failing memory makes it difficult for the person to recall all the basic kinds of information we take for granted. The obvious way to help in this situation is to supply the information that is missing
and help them make sense of what is going on. You must use every opportunity to provide information but remember to keep it simple and straight forward.
"Good morning, Mum. This is Fiona, your daughter. It is eight o′clock, so if you get up now, we can have breakfast downstairs."
When the elderly person makes confused statements, e.g. about going out to his or her old employment or visiting a dead relative, correct in a calm matter-of-fact fashion: "You don′t work in the office any more. You are retired now. Will you help me with the dishes?"
We rely heavily on the information provided by signposts, clocks, calendars and newspapers. These assist us to organize and direct our behavior. Confused old people need these aids all the time to compensate for their poor memory. Encourage them to use reminder boards or diaries for important coming events and label the contents of different cupboards and drawers. Many other aids such as information cards, old photos, scrap books, addresses or shopping lists could help in individual case.
How should confused statements and ideas be dealt with?
本题解析：
推断题。根据第四段“When the elderly person makes confused statements…．Correct in a calm matter-of-fact fashion…”可知，当老年人做出了糊涂的举动时，应该平静地、实事求是地纠正老年人的错误。A项“坦率地、明显地”符合文意。
Elderly people respond best to a calm and unhurried environment. This is not always easy to provide as their behavior can sometimes be irritating. If they get excited or upset then they may become more confused and more difficult to look after. Although sometimes it can be extremely difficult, it is best to be patient and not to get upset yourself. You should always encourage old people to do as much as possible for themselves but be ready to lend a helping hand when necessary.
Failing memory makes it difficult for the person to recall all the basic kinds of information we take for granted. The obvious way to help in this situation is to supply the information that is missing
and help them make sense of what is going on. You must use every opportunity to provide information but remember to keep it simple and straight forward.
"Good morning, Mum. This is Fiona, your daughter. It is eight o′clock, so if you get up now, we can have breakfast downstairs."
When the elderly person makes confused statements, e.g. about going out to his or her old employment or visiting a dead relative, correct in a calm matter-of-fact fashion: "You don′t work in the office any more. You are retired now. Will you help me with the dishes?"
We rely heavily on the information provided by signposts, clocks, calendars and newspapers. These assist us to organize and direct our behavior. Confused old people need these aids all the time to compensate for their poor memory. Encourage them to use reminder boards or diaries for important coming events and label the contents of different cupboards and drawers. Many other aids such as information cards, old photos, scrap books, addresses or shopping lists could help in individual case.
A difficulty experienced by other people is that they may ___________.
本题解析：
推断题。根据第一段前四句“Elderly people respond best to a calm and unhurried environment．This is not always easy to provide as their behavior Call sometimes be irritating．If they get excited or upset then may may become more confused and more difficult to look after．Although sometimes it can be extremely difficult，it is best to be patient and not to get upset yourself．”可知，老年人的行为有时候很气人，导致很难给他们提供平静的环境，也就是说有时很难平心静气地处理老人的问题。故B项符合题意。
Elderly people respond best to a calm and unhurried environment. This is not always easy to provide as their behavior can sometimes be irritating. If they get excited or upset then they may become more confused and more difficult to look after. Although sometimes it can be extremely difficult, it is best to be patient and not to get upset yourself. You should always encourage old people to do as much as possible for themselves but be ready to lend a helping hand when necessary.
Failing memory makes it difficult for the person to recall all the basic kinds of information we take for granted. The obvious way to help in this situation is to supply the information that is missing
and help them make sense of what is going on. You must use every opportunity to provide information but remember to keep it simple and straight forward.
"Good morning, Mum. This is Fiona, your daughter. It is eight o′clock, so if you get up now, we can have breakfast downstairs."
When the elderly person makes confused statements, e.g. about going out to his or her old employment or visiting a dead relative, correct in a calm matter-of-fact fashion: "You don′t work in the office any more. You are retired now. Will you help me with the dishes?"
We rely heavily on the information provided by signposts, clocks, calendars and newspapers. These assist us to organize and direct our behavior. Confused old people need these aids all the time to compensate for their poor memory. Encourage them to use reminder boards or diaries for important coming events and label the contents of different cupboards and drawers. Many other aids such as information cards, old photos, scrap books, addresses or shopping lists could help in individual case.
The passage gives help for one responsible for an elderly forgetful person by___________.
本题解析：
细节题。根据第二段“Failing memory makes it difficult for the person to recall all the basic kinds of information we take for granted．The obvious way to help in this situation is to supply the information that is missing and help them make sense of what is going on．You must use every opportunity to provide information…”可知，对待健忘的老人，我们应该为他们提供信息，帮助他们搞清楚情况，故C项与原文相符。
Elderly people respond best to a calm and unhurried environment. This is not always easy to provide as their behavior can sometimes be irritating. If they get excited or upset then they may become more confused and more difficult to look after. Although sometimes it can be extremely difficult, it is best to be patient and not to get upset yourself. You should always encourage old people to do as much as possible for themselves but be ready to lend a helping hand when necessary.
Failing memory makes it difficult for the person to recall all the basic kinds of information we take for granted. The obvious way to help in this situation is to supply the information that is missing
and help them make sense of what is going on. You must use every opportunity to provide information but remember to keep it simple and straight forward.
"Good morning, Mum. This is Fiona, your daughter. It is eight o′clock, so if you get up now, we can have breakfast downstairs."
When the elderly person makes confused statements, e.g. about going out to his or her old employment or visiting a dead relative, correct in a calm matter-of-fact fashion: "You don′t work in the office any more. You are retired now. Will you help me with the dishes?"
We rely heavily on the information provided by signposts, clocks, calendars and newspapers. These assist us to organize and direct our behavior. Confused old people need these aids all the time to compensate for their poor memory. Encourage them to use reminder boards or diaries for important coming events and label the contents of different cupboards and drawers. Many other aids such as information cards, old photos, scrap books, addresses or shopping lists could help in individual case.
The main subject of the passage about elderly people is ___________.
本题解析：
主旨题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲了如何帮助老人尽可能地照顾他们自己。作者在首段最后一句“You should always encourage old people to do as much as possible for themselves but be ready to lend a helping hand when necessary．"点明了本文的主旨。然后在接下来的段落中．分别讲了如何帮助老年人记忆以及如何纠正老年人的错误等对策。故C项最能体现文章的主旨。
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