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发布时间： 2021-12-22 17:29
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Passage 10
With so much focus on children's use of screens,it's easy for parents to forget about their own screen use.“Tech is designed to really suck on you in,”says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play,“and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement.It makes it hard to disengage,and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”
Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise.She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children.During a separate observation,she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family.Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.
Infants are wired to look at parents’faces to try to understand their world,and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device—it can be extremely disconcerting for the children.Radesky cites the“still face experiment”devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s.In it,a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback;The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother's attention.“Parents don’t have to be exquisitely parents at all times,but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,”says Radesky.
On the other hand,Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids’use of screens are born out of an“oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting”with their children:“It’s based on a somewhat fantasized,very white,very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.”Tronick believes that just because a child isn’t learning from the screen doesn’t mean there’s no value to it—particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower,do housework or simply have a break from their child.Parents,he says,can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way.This can make them feel happier,which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.
According to Tronick,kid’s use of screens may（ ）.
本题解析：
根据人名关键词定位在第四段的中后部分Tronick believes that just because a child isn’t learning from the screen doesn’t mean there’s no value to it—particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower,do housework or simply have a break from their child.可知Tronick认为孩子被电子设备吸引并不是没有任何价值，而是还给了父母做家务的时间，休息的时间。结合选项发现只有A项表达符合文意，故正确答案是选项A。
Passage 10
With so much focus on children's use of screens,it's easy for parents to forget about their own screen use.“Tech is designed to really suck on you in,”says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play,“and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement.It makes it hard to disengage,and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”
Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise.She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children.During a separate observation,she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family.Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.
Infants are wired to look at parents’faces to try to understand their world,and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device—it can be extremely disconcerting for the children.Radesky cites the“still face experiment”devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s.In it,a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback;The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother's attention.“Parents don’t have to be exquisitely parents at all times,but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,”says Radesky.
On the other hand,Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids’use of screens are born out of an“oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting”with their children:“It’s based on a somewhat fantasized,very white,very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.”Tronick believes that just because a child isn’t learning from the screen doesn’t mean there’s no value to it—particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower,do housework or simply have a break from their child.Parents,he says,can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way.This can make them feel happier,which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.
The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to（ ）.
本题解析：
通过oppressive ideology可以定位在第四段的第二句，可知这里提到这种压抑的理论要求父母应该一直和孩子保持沟通和交流。这里always和选项中的constant是同义转换。故正确答案是选项C。
Passage 10
With so much focus on children's use of screens,it's easy for parents to forget about their own screen use.“Tech is designed to really suck on you in,”says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play,“and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement.It makes it hard to disengage,and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”
Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise.She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children.During a separate observation,she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family.Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.
Infants are wired to look at parents’faces to try to understand their world,and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device—it can be extremely disconcerting for the children.Radesky cites the“still face experiment”devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s.In it,a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback;The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother's attention.“Parents don’t have to be exquisitely parents at all times,but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,”says Radesky.
On the other hand,Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids’use of screens are born out of an“oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting”with their children:“It’s based on a somewhat fantasized,very white,very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.”Tronick believes that just because a child isn’t learning from the screen doesn’t mean there’s no value to it—particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower,do housework or simply have a break from their child.Parents,he says,can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way.This can make them feel happier,which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.
Radesky’s cites the“still face experiment”to show that（ ）.
本题解析：
根据第三段Infants are wired to look at parents’faces to try to understand their world,and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device—it can be extremely disconcerting for the children.可知婴儿会通过父母的面容去理解这个世界，如果父母没有表情或没有回应，会对孩子产生不好的影响。所以R引用这句话是想表明父母需要对儿童的情感需求做出反应。故正确答案是选项D。
Passage 10
With so much focus on children's use of screens,it's easy for parents to forget about their own screen use.“Tech is designed to really suck on you in,”says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play,“and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement.It makes it hard to disengage,and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”
Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise.She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children.During a separate observation,she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family.Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.
Infants are wired to look at parents’faces to try to understand their world,and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device—it can be extremely disconcerting for the children.Radesky cites the“still face experiment”devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s.In it,a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback;The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother's attention.“Parents don’t have to be exquisitely parents at all times,but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,”says Radesky.
On the other hand,Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids’use of screens are born out of an“oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting”with their children:“It’s based on a somewhat fantasized,very white,very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.”Tronick believes that just because a child isn’t learning from the screen doesn’t mean there’s no value to it—particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower,do housework or simply have a break from their child.Parents,he says,can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way.This can make them feel happier,which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.
Radesky’s food-testing exercise shows that mothers'use of devices（ ）.
本题解析：
定位至文章第二段fewer verbal and 39%fewer nonverbal interaction可知R的食品测试展示了妈妈使用设备会降低妈妈和孩子间的交流。D项是原文表达的同义转换，故正确答案是选项D。
Passage 10
With so much focus on children's use of screens,it's easy for parents to forget about their own screen use.“Tech is designed to really suck on you in,”says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play,“and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement.It makes it hard to disengage,and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”
Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise.She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children.During a separate observation,she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family.Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.
Infants are wired to look at parents’faces to try to understand their world,and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device—it can be extremely disconcerting for the children.Radesky cites the“still face experiment”devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s.In it,a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback;The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother's attention.“Parents don’t have to be exquisitely parents at all times,but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,”says Radesky.
On the other hand,Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids’use of screens are born out of an“oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting”with their children:“It’s based on a somewhat fantasized,very white,very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.”Tronick believes that just because a child isn’t learning from the screen doesn’t mean there’s no value to it—particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower,do housework or simply have a break from their child.Parents,he says,can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way.This can make them feel happier,which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.
According to Jenny Radesky,digital products are designed to（ ）.
本题解析：
根据关键词JR定位在第一段：科技被设计去suck on you in.在这句话中suck和absorb是同义转换词。可知他认为数码产品被设计为了吸引用户的注意，故正确答案是选项B。
Passage 9
Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text.The reader puts questions as it were to the text and gets answers.In the light of these he puts further questions,and so on.
For most of the time,this conversation goes on below the level of consciousness.At times,however,we become aware of it.This is usually when we are running into difficulties,when mismatch is occurring between expectations and meaning.When successful matching is being experienced,our questioning of the text continues at the unconscious level.
Different people converse with the text differently.Some stay very close to the words on the page;others take off imaginatively from the words,interpreting,criticizing,analyzing and examining.The former represents a kind of comprehension,which is written in the text.The latter represents higher levels of comprehension.The balance between these is important,especially for advanced readers.
There is another conversation which from our point of view is equally important,and that is to do not with what is read but with how it is read.We call this a process conversation as opposed to a content conversation.It is concerned not with meaning but with the strategies we employ in reading.If we are advanced readers our ability to hold a content conversation with a text is usually pretty well developed.
Not so our ability to hold a process conversation.It is precisely this kind of conversation that is of importance when we are seeking to develop our reading to meet the new demands being placed upon us by studying at a higher level.
If we want to develop our reading ability at an advanced level,we should（ ）.
本题解析：
选项BCD都只提到高水平读者应当做到的某一个方面，表述片面。而只有A项才最具有概括性，将其他三个选项内容都囊括其中，故正确答案是选项A。
Passage 9
Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text.The reader puts questions as it were to the text and gets answers.In the light of these he puts further questions,and so on.
For most of the time,this conversation goes on below the level of consciousness.At times,however,we become aware of it.This is usually when we are running into difficulties,when mismatch is occurring between expectations and meaning.When successful matching is being experienced,our questioning of the text continues at the unconscious level.
Different people converse with the text differently.Some stay very close to the words on the page;others take off imaginatively from the words,interpreting,criticizing,analyzing and examining.The former represents a kind of comprehension,which is written in the text.The latter represents higher levels of comprehension.The balance between these is important,especially for advanced readers.
There is another conversation which from our point of view is equally important,and that is to do not with what is read but with how it is read.We call this a process conversation as opposed to a content conversation.It is concerned not with meaning but with the strategies we employ in reading.If we are advanced readers our ability to hold a content conversation with a text is usually pretty well developed.
Not so our ability to hold a process conversation.It is precisely this kind of conversation that is of importance when we are seeking to develop our reading to meet the new demands being placed upon us by studying at a higher level.
According to the passage,it is of great importance for readers at a higher level to maintain a balance between（ ）.
本题解析：
根据第三段文字，尤其是该段的后一句话可知：高水平的读者既应当注意字面上的意义，也应当跳出文字框架发挥想象，对文章内容加以解释、批评、分析、检验，读出字里行间的意义。选项中只有C选项：在高水平和低水平阅读间找好平衡，表达符合文意，故正确答案是选项C。
Passage 9
Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text.The reader puts questions as it were to the text and gets answers.In the light of these he puts further questions,and so on.
For most of the time,this conversation goes on below the level of consciousness.At times,however,we become aware of it.This is usually when we are running into difficulties,when mismatch is occurring between expectations and meaning.When successful matching is being experienced,our questioning of the text continues at the unconscious level.
Different people converse with the text differently.Some stay very close to the words on the page;others take off imaginatively from the words,interpreting,criticizing,analyzing and examining.The former represents a kind of comprehension,which is written in the text.The latter represents higher levels of comprehension.The balance between these is important,especially for advanced readers.
There is another conversation which from our point of view is equally important,and that is to do not with what is read but with how it is read.We call this a process conversation as opposed to a content conversation.It is concerned not with meaning but with the strategies we employ in reading.If we are advanced readers our ability to hold a content conversation with a text is usually pretty well developed.
Not so our ability to hold a process conversation.It is precisely this kind of conversation that is of importance when we are seeking to develop our reading to meet the new demands being placed upon us by studying at a higher level.
A“process”conversation has to do with（ ）.
本题解析：
根据文章最后一段可知：按照我们的观点，有另外一种同样重要的对话，这种对话不是关于我们读什么，而是关于我们怎样读的问题。我们把这种对话称之为“process”对话，而不是“content”对话。所以可以得出过程对话与文章意义无关，而是指阅读中所运用的策略。故正确答案是选项A。
Passage 9
Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text.The reader puts questions as it were to the text and gets answers.In the light of these he puts further questions,and so on.
For most of the time,this conversation goes on below the level of consciousness.At times,however,we become aware of it.This is usually when we are running into difficulties,when mismatch is occurring between expectations and meaning.When successful matching is being experienced,our questioning of the text continues at the unconscious level.
Different people converse with the text differently.Some stay very close to the words on the page;others take off imaginatively from the words,interpreting,criticizing,analyzing and examining.The former represents a kind of comprehension,which is written in the text.The latter represents higher levels of comprehension.The balance between these is important,especially for advanced readers.
There is another conversation which from our point of view is equally important,and that is to do not with what is read but with how it is read.We call this a process conversation as opposed to a content conversation.It is concerned not with meaning but with the strategies we employ in reading.If we are advanced readers our ability to hold a content conversation with a text is usually pretty well developed.
Not so our ability to hold a process conversation.It is precisely this kind of conversation that is of importance when we are seeking to develop our reading to meet the new demands being placed upon us by studying at a higher level.
At a lower level of comprehension,readers tend to（ ）.
本题解析：
根据文章第三段：Some stay very close to the words on the page;......the former represents a kind of comprehension,which is written in the text.可知对于理解水平低的读者倾向于只关注字面意思的低水平阅读理解方式。故正确答案是选项D。
Passage 9
Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text.The reader puts questions as it were to the text and gets answers.In the light of these he puts further questions,and so on.
For most of the time,this conversation goes on below the level of consciousness.At times,however,we become aware of it.This is usually when we are running into difficulties,when mismatch is occurring between expectations and meaning.When successful matching is being experienced,our questioning of the text continues at the unconscious level.
Different people converse with the text differently.Some stay very close to the words on the page;others take off imaginatively from the words,interpreting,criticizing,analyzing and examining.The former represents a kind of comprehension,which is written in the text.The latter represents higher levels of comprehension.The balance between these is important,especially for advanced readers.
There is another conversation which from our point of view is equally important,and that is to do not with what is read but with how it is read.We call this a process conversation as opposed to a content conversation.It is concerned not with meaning but with the strategies we employ in reading.If we are advanced readers our ability to hold a content conversation with a text is usually pretty well developed.
Not so our ability to hold a process conversation.It is precisely this kind of conversation that is of importance when we are seeking to develop our reading to meet the new demands being placed upon us by studying at a higher level.
Reading as a kind of conversation between the reader and the text becomes conscious only when（ ）.
本题解析：
根据第二段内容可知多数时候，这种对话是在有意识的层次以下（也就是说并没有意识到对话的存在），但有的时候我们却意识到了。这种情况通常是在我们阅读中遇到困难的时候，以及我们的预期与文章意思不符的时候才出现。故正确答案是选项B。
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