资料：Thepovertylineistheminimumi-名校题库网

资料： The poverty line is the minimum income that people need for an acceptable standard of living. People with incomes below the poverty line are considered poor. Economists study the causes of poverty in order to find solutions to the problem.

As the general standard of living in the country rises, the poverty line does, too. Therefore, even with today’s relatively high standard of living, about 10 percent of the people in the United States are below the poverty line. However, if these people had stable jobs, they could have an acceptable standard of living. Economists suggest several reasons why poor people do not have jobs.

For one thing, more than half of the poor people in the United States are not qualified to work. Over 40 percent of the poor. People are children. By law, children less than 16 years old cannot work in many industries. A large number of poor people are Old. Many companies do not hire people over 65 years old, the normal retirement age.

Some poor adults do not look for jobs for a variety of personal reasons: they are sick, they do not have any motivation, they have family problems, or they do not believe that they can find a job.

Other poor people look for a job but cannot find one. Many poor adults never went to high school. Therefore, when they look for jobs, they have few skills that they can offer.

At the present time, the government thinks it can reduce poverty in the country in the following ways. First, if the national economy grows, businesses and industries hire more workers. Some of the poor who are qualified to look for jobs may find employment. Then they will no longer be below the poverty line. Second, if society invests in the poor, the poor will become more productive. If the government spends money on social programs, education, and training for poor people, the poor will have the skills to offer. Then it is more likely that they can find jobs.

Finally, if the government distributes society's income differently, it raises some poor people above the poverty line. The government collects taxes from the non－poor and gives money to the poor. These payments to the poor are called welfare. In 1975 over 18 million people in the United States received welfare.

Some economists are looking for better solutions to the poverty problem. However, at the present time, many people depend on welfare for a minimally acceptable standard of living.

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the reason of unemployment?

A.some people are too young to work in many industries
B.some people are satisfied with the government welfare
C.some people don’t have motion to work
D.some people are not qualified to work

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答案： B

本题解析：

本题考查的是细节理解。

【关键词】NOT; reason of unemployment

【主题句】第三段more than half of the poor people in the United States are not qualified to work.（超过一半的美国穷人不能胜任工作。）；By law, children less than 16 years old cannot work in many industries.（法律规定，十六岁以下的孩子在许多行业不能工作。）；第四段Some poor adults do not look for jobs for a variety of personal reasons: they are sick, they do not have any motivation…（一些贫困的成年人由于各种个人原因不去找工作；患有疾病，没有任何工作积极性…）

【解析】第2题问“根据文章，以下哪一项不是失业的原因？”。A选项“一些人年龄太小，不能在许多行业工作”和第三段的主题句“法律规定，十六岁以下的孩子在许多行业不能工作。”信息一致，排除；B选项“一些人对政府的福利满意”，该信息从未在文章提及，故答案是B; C选项“一些人没有工作积极性”和第四段的主题句“没有任何工作积极性”信息一致，排除；D选项“一些人不能胜任工作”和第三段主题句“超过一半的美国穷人不能胜任工作”信息相符。