资料：Weallknowthatlackofsleepaff-名校题库网

资料：We all know that lack of sleep affects our memory along with other cognitive abilities. Sitting in the office sleep deprives it’s difficult to remember your own name, let along the ever-lengthening to-do list.

But now new research shows that not getting enough sleep increases the chances your mind will actually create false memories. The study, published in Psychological Science, allowed one group of participants to get a full nights’ sleep while another had to stay up all night. In the morning they were given a series of photos that were supposed to show a crime being committed. Next, both groups were given some eyewitness statements about the crime. Like many witness statements in real-life crimes the details were different to those shown in the photographs. For example, in one instance the photo showed a thief putting a wallet in his jacket, but in the witness statement it said he put it in his pants（that's ‘trousers’ for British people not his underwear!）. Afterwards they were asked what they had seen in the original photographs. The results showed that those who'd missed out on their sleep were the most likely to regurgitate the false eyewitness statements they'd just read rather than remembering the ‘true’ crime-scene photos they'd been shown moments beforehand. The lack of sleep had messed with their heads to the extent the all the evidence—right and wrong—had got mixed up.

One of the study's authors, Kimberly Fenn, said:”People who repeatedly get low amounts of sleep every night could be more prone in the long run to develop these forms of memory distortion. It's not just a full night of sleep deprivation that puts them at risk. Indeed, a preliminary study they carried out found that getting just five hours sleep was enough to cause people to start manufacturing false memories.

What is the dependent variable in the study?

A.Creation of false memories
B.Memory deprivation
C.Crime being created
D.Different details shown

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答案： A

本题解析：

本题考查的是细节理解

【关键词】dependent variable

【主题句】第2自然段The results showed that those who'd missed out on their sleep were the most likely to regurgitate the false eyewitness statements they'd just read rather than remembering the ‘true’ crime-scene photos they'd been shown moments beforehand. 结果显示，没睡觉的人更容易复述虚假的目击陈述，而不是回忆起之前亲眼目睹的犯罪现场照片。

【解析】题目意为“研究中的因变量是什么？”选项A意为“错误记忆创建”，选项B意为“记忆剥夺”，选项C意为“创造犯罪”，选项D意为“显示不同细节”。一项研究中，设定某一因素不同，研究对结果的影响，设定的因素就是自变量，被影响的结果就是因变量。文中的实验研究的是缺乏睡眠是否会创造虚假记忆，结果是确实创造了虚假记忆，选项A正确。