资料：IntheUnitedStatesofAmerica,-名校题库网

资料：In the United States of America, banks are categorized into the federally-chartered bank which received their charter from the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency（OCC）; these are referred to as “National Banks”; and also the states-chartered banks which receive their charter from the superintendent to as “State Banks”. Banks are allowed to register either with the federal or the state authority. Let us now look at the organizational structure of Commercial Banks, which include unit banking, group banking and branch banking.

The main characteristic of unit banking is that it can operate only a single full service bank from a single location. Unit banking institutions are not allowed to have branch networks. However, unit banking does not necessarily have to be small. In fact, many unit banks are quite large.

Group banking refers to banking operations conducted by a corporation owning more than one bank. The group banking system usually exists in the states where branch banking is prohibited.

As for branching, it is sometimes referred to “limited branching” or “stateside branching”. Limited branching allows bank to operate branches within geographic territories authorized by the state law. Stateside branching implies that bank branches are allowed to operate anywhere within the state. New York State, California, Florida and some others are stateside branch banking areas which Minnesota, Arkansas, lower and others are limited branching areas.

In the United States, there are also specialized banks including the Edge Act Banks, the international Banking Facility, the bankers’ banks, the saving banks, the savings and loans associations, the credit unions and government owned and the Real Estate Investment Trust （TEIT）.

There are also non-bank financial institutions in the USA, including the securities firms, the leasing and commercial finance companies, the mortgage bankers and the Real Estate Investment Trust （REIT）.

Let us now look at the Federal System. Commonly known as the Federal Reserve Bank or the “Fed”, this is the Central Bank of the United States founded in 1913. It determines the reserve requirement within limits set by the US Congress. The function of the Fed is economic stabilization through the management of the nation’s money supply. The Federal Reserve System comprises a board of governors with 7 members stationed in Washington D.C Reserve Banks, including Boston，New York City, Dallas and San Francisco.

The Federal Reserve Act（FRA）1913 set out the powers of the Fed which, on top of the regular central bank’s objectives, emphasize the following.

i.Managing the monetary system and money supply of the USA;

ii.Providing funds as the lender of last report;

iii.Providing for an efficient cherub clearing system;

iiii.Providing a rigorous banking supervision system.

Which of the following title best suits the passage?（）

A.Banking and Non-banking in the USA
B.Banks in the USA
C.Bankers in the USA
D.Banking in the USA

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答案： B

本题解析：

本题考查主旨大意。

【关键词】the following title; best suits

【主题句】

第一段In the United States of America, banks are categorized into the federally-chartered bank which received their charter from the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency （OCC）; these are referred to as “National Banks”; and also the states-chartered banks which receive their charter from the superintendent to as “State Banks”. Let us now look at the organizational structure of Commercial Banks, which include unit banking, group banking and branch banking. 在美利坚合众国，银行被分类为联邦特许银行（即由通货审计官办公室（OCC）发放牌照，被称为“国家银行”）以及国家特许银行（即由监管机构发放牌照，被称为“国有银行”）。银行被允许向联邦或州政府进行登记。现在让我们看看商业银行的组织结构，其中包括单位银行、集团银行和分支银行。

第五段In the United States, there are also specialized banks…在美国，还有专业银行……

第六段There are also non-bank financial institutions in the USA…美国还有非银行金融机构……

第七段Let us now look at the Federal System. Commonly known as the Federal Reserve Bank or the “Fed”, this is the Central Bank of the United States founded in 1913.… 现在让我们看看联邦系统，通常被称为联邦储备银行或“美联储”，这是成立于1913年的美国中央银行。

【解析】题目意为“以下哪个题目与文章最相符？”根据主题句，文章依次介绍了国家银行、国有银行、商业银行、专业银行、非银行金融机构以及中央银行“美联储”，主要围绕着美国的银行进行展开，因此选项B与题意更相符。