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The term computer describes a device made up of a combination of electronic components．By itself, a computer has no ( ) and is referred to as hardware, which means simply the physical equipment． The hardware can't be used until it is connected to other elements, all of which constitute the six parts of a computer-based information system,hardware,software,data/information, people, procedures and communications．
A system is defined as a collection of related components that ( ) to perform a task in order to accomplish a goal． Any organization that uses information technology will have a computer-based information system to provide managers (and various categories of employees with the appropriate kind of information to help them make decisions．
Systems analysis and design is to ascertain how a system works and then take steps to make it ( ) Often, a system approach is used to define, describe, and solve a problem or to meet a(an)（4）
From time to time, organizations need to ( ) their information systems, in, response to new marketing' opportunities, modified government regulations, the introduction ．of new technology, merger with another company, or other developments． When change is needed, the time is ripe for applying the principles of systems analysis and design．
（ 4）应选（ ）。
翻译：
计算机这个术语描述由电子的和机电的部件组合而成的一种设备。计算机本身没有只能，因此称为硬件，仅仅是物理设备。硬件只有和其他要素连接才能使用，所有这些要素即为构成基于计算机信息系统的六要素：硬件、软件、数据/信息、人、操作程序和通信。
系统定义为一组相关组件的集合，这些组件相互交互以完成一个任务，以实现一个目标。任何使用信息技术的组织会拥有一个基于计算机的信息系统，给管理人员（和各类员工）提供适当类型的信息以帮助他们做出决策。
系统分析和设计是确定系统如何工作然后经过一系列步骤以使其更好。通常，采用系统方法来定义、描述和解决一个问题或满足一个目标。
随着时间推移，新的市场机会、政府规定的变化、新技术的出现、公司兼并以及其他方面的发展等，使得组织需要改变其信息系统。当需要改变时，应用系统分析与设计的时机已经成熟。
（ ）is the process of transforming information so it is unintelligible to anyone but the intended recipient.
As each application module is completed,it undergoes（ ）to ensure that it operates correctly and reliably.
（ ）algorithm specifies the way to arrange data in a particular order.
After analyzing the source code,（ ）generates machine instructions that will carry out the meaning of the program at a later time.
（ ）can help organizations to better understand the information contained within the data and will also help identify the data that is most important to the business and future business decisions.
浏览器开启无痕浏览模式后，（ ）依然会被保存下来。
下列协议中，不属于TCP/IP协议簇的是（ ）。
下列传输介质中，带宽最宽、抗干扰能力最强的是（ ）。
数控编程常需要用参数来描述需要加工的零件的图形。在平面坐标系内，确定一个点需要2个独立的参数，确定一个正方形需要（ ）个独立的参数。
某书的页码为1，2，3，...，共用数字900个（一个多位数页码包含多个数字），据此可以推断，该书最大的页码为（ ）。
